
ihingt 




D. 8. OOTERNHItNT PB rNTTNQ OFTICE: 1M8 







bo^ 



Class. 

Book iAl-J-O- 

V*ASH.1NGTQNIAN(>. 

YUDIN COLLECTION 



;K13HL 3AM1^qATEJItHLIX^E JIO^EII 

BiorPA'i'unECKAa kiib.iioteka (D. riAByiEHHOBA 



r. BAlUMHrTOHTj 

ErO 5KH3Hb, BOEHHAH H OBmECTBEHHAfl fl-BflTEJIBHOCTb. 



BlOrPA*H^ECKIH OMEPK'B 

B. HennHCKaro. 



Ci nopTpeTOMi BafflHHrTOBa, rpaBHpoBaHBuji'b bi> neiepCyprt K. Ajitcmi- 



n-RHA 25 Kon. 



C.-UETEPByPFL 
Tiinorp. BucoMAiiiuE yTBEP2rji,EHHAro Tosap. «06mecTBenHaa IIojLaa* 

Bo.iLmaa lIo;iiflHecKa5i '■'>'■). 

1898 



u^^,J^mfJ: ^. tta^i3»i[ehkoba^ 



JIirrepaTypa, ncTopiii, ny6jinii,ii- 

CTIIKJI II SaKOHOBliAlJHie. 

CoMMReHln Map/ibsa AxKKeHca. Ci nopTpeToirt h 
61orpa$ioH. llojiHoe co(5paHie bt> 10 tomrxi. 
1) flaBHfffc Konnep$HJibaT.. 2) JlottSn h cuin>. 
8) XoflOflHtrt flOMi H noB-fecTb flByxT. ropo- 
Aaxt. 4) KpomKa floppHTb h llojiKinia naaeatuw. 

5) Harai o6mii Apyrt h Ojiiiiiepi. Tbhctt.. 

6) 3anHCKii IlHKKBHKCKaro KJiy6a h TflHcejibin 
BpeMena. 7) HnKOJiaH Hhkjii.Ch h PoKAecTBen- 
ck1« pascKasbi. 8) MapTiiHt MesjibBHTb. Tiimhi 
PoJKjiecTBy. SaTpaBJieHi.. 9) BapneCn FeaiKi, 
Taflna 3aBHHa flpyfla h KoJiOKOJia. 10) JIaBKa 
flpeBHOcTeJl, 3anncKii nyTeineCTBeHHBKa ne no 
ToproBbiMT> ;it:iaM-h. CraHuia MerCn, Mea(j)or- 
cKiflsanncKH, Pt>neiiTi.i AOKTopa Mepiirojibfla h 
Bes'b BMXOfla. Htna Kaaciaro TOMa 1 p. 50 k. 

CoHMHeHifl flyiuKMHa. Ct, nopTperaMH, Ciorpaijjiefl 
H 500 nncbMaMii. FIoJiHoe cofipauie bi I-mi h 
Bi> 10 TOMaxT.. H-fena 1-TOMHaro h lO-xoMHaro 
B3aaHin oflHa n xa we: (5e3T> Kapr. — 1 p. 50 k. 
Ct> 70 KapTiiii.— 2 p. 50 K. 3a nepenjieru: ajih 
1-TOMH. H3fl.— 40 K. II 1 p. flJin lO-TOMnaro (bt. 

5 nep.) 1 p. 11 2 p. 

A/ib6oM'b KT> „Co4iiiieHiaMi. nyniKHHa". 44 n:iiJiw- 

CTpaU,iH CI. nOJUHCflMll,IIO|lTp. llyiUKHHa H CHHM- 

KOMi ero iionepKa. II. bt, KajieHKopoBOMi) nepe- 
njicTlj— 1 p. 25 K. 
CoMMHeHin JlepwOHTOBa (bt, oahomt. tom* ii bi. 4 
TOMaxb). nojiHoe coSpaHie. Ct iioprpeTOMi, fiio- 
rpa^iieii ii 115 piicyHKaMH. U. t p. Bi npocTOML 
nepenJi.— 1 p. 40 k., h hi flByxi. nepenjieraxt 

1 p. 50 K., Bb KajieHKOpOBOMT, C/b aOJlOTOMT. 2 p. 

120 p^cyHKOB-b KT. /lepmOHTOBy. XyaoatecTBeHHwfi 

ajibOoMi Af. /•'. Mii.'n*%uena. ]X- Bi namrh 50 k. 
CosMHeHiR BwKTopa rioro. Ct nopTpexoMT. aBTopa 

H cxaTbeu .1. M. CituOuueecKmo. (^OKpain,. iiepeB. 

C. />pa«uj(c?.OM. Asa Cojibmnxt TOMa. U,. 2 p. 50 k. 
CoHHHeHin SpKMaHa-lUaTp'aHa. Bt> flByxi Co.ab- 

nraxt TOMaxT. (1800 cxpammi). U-bna 3 p. 
flostcTM M pa3CKa3bi M. H. floTaneHKO. 11 tomobi. 

Utna KaHCflaro— 1 p. Ilepenji. flJia 2 tomobt. no 

75 K. 
CoMMHeHis ffltCa YcneHCKaro. 4 ii3j., bt> 2 tom. 

Ci nopTperoMi asTopa ii cxaTbon // K. Nhjuu- 

AotcKuio. 11. 3a ;iBa TOMa — 3 p. 
CosMHeHiHrfl.ycneHCKaro.ToMT.3-ii. Utiia 1 p 50 k. 
COMMHenifl 9. M. PtiueiHUHOBa. Bt. flByxi. xoMaxi., 

Cb nopxp. aBxopa ii cxaxbeii M. Ilpomononoea 

U,. 2 p. 50 K. 
CoMMHeHin B. T. BbflMHCKaro.CT. nopxppxoMT, ii (j|)aK- 

CHMHJie aiixopa, cxaxbeii h. A. MuxauAoecudm 

n rpaBiopoM ct> KapxiiHbi xyflojKHHKa HayMoea 

^BtJinncKift nepejiT. cMppxbio". Bt. 4-xt. 6o:ib- 

mHxi. TOMaxt. IJ,1iHa KaJKnaro xoMa 1 p. 25 k. 
CoMMHenin A- ^- nMcapeea. IIojiHoe cortpanic ni. 

6 ToMaxT.. Ci. nopxpexoMT. aBxopa h Bcxyiiii- 
TeJibuoft cxaxbeii A'. A. Co-iosbena. I^-bHa Ka;i;- 
flaro xoMa 1 p. 

RporpeccHBHan HpaacTBeHHOCTb. npo$. <Pay.je)iti. 
IlepeBoaT. ct anrJiiftcKaro, aoxh pefl- DAadmii- 
pa CoAoet-eea. IX. 40 K. 



[CoMMHeiiifl A. M. CKa8MHeBCKaro. KpnxiiiecKfe sno 
flbi, nyCjiHi^icTH'iecKie OHepKii, .xHxepax. xapai 
xepHcxHKH. Ct. DopxpeTOMT. aBxopa. 2-e H3fl. U,i 
Ha aa Bce coCpaRie bi aByxt (Soflbmiix'b Touax* 
(ao 1700 cxp.) 3 p. 

3TMKa. y^eHie o npaBCTseHHOCTH. M- AfttHenn 

n. I p. 
EyAymee MeflOBtnecTBO. Couia.xncxHiecKaa (|iai 

xaaia Mamneiatma. Ct> 20 p. 1^. 40 K. 
KaoHTaHCKan AOHHa. A. IlymKuiia. Ci 188 pHcyi 

U. 60 K., HI nan. 75 k., bt, nep. 1 p. 
Mepe3"b cxo Atn,. CotxiojiornHecKifi poMairtS. BeA 

jiuMu. Ct> npiijiojKeHieMT, onepKa Pnme „Kyfl 

MM IlflCMT,?" 3-e 113,1. I^. 1 p. 

)KM3Hb M A^aTeflbHOCTb A. M. TepuCHa bt, Poc 

ciii H 3ar|iaiiiiue&. B. /?. C.iiujmodu IX. 1 p. 
AyxoBHbiH 3aBtmaHia. KaKi iixt cocTaB.Taxb,H3M4 

HflXb, oxMiiHnxb, npe;icxaBjiaxb kt, yxBepwaenli 

n ocnapHBaxb. Cocx. Jl. B. .\6puj»o«i (M 1 „no 

nyjiapHO-iopiiamecKOH GnfijiioxeKH"). ]\. 25 i 
HaCfltACTBO H pa3Atl'b. H. AOpaMoea. {'iv. 2 „nc 

nyjiapHO-iopH;;ii4ecKon Cn6.nioxeKH"). 1^. 25 k. 
np!o6ptTeHie h OTsymAeHie MMyiuecTB'b. H. 2 

AOpoMoeu. (JC» 3 „nonyji}ipHo-iopiiaHieeKOfi Cat 

-iloxeKn"). 11,. 25 k. 
ApcHAaMHaewbiiMyiuecTBT.. j7. B.A(ipaMoea.Q& 4- 

„noiiyjiapHO-iopiiflii«i. OnfijiioxeKH"). U,. 25 Kon. 
SasMt, saKflaAT. m 3a/ion>. .ff. B. .AGpoMoti 

(Jf; 5 „nonyjiapHO-K)pnfliiH. fiiifi.TioxeKH). 11.25 I 
ripoMcxowAeHie h pa3BHTie ceMbu m co6cTBeHH( 

CTM. M. NoeaAeecKiao. 2-e H3fl. U. 60 K. 
Bt. Tpyu;o6axi> AHrflix (njiam, coniaji. 6opb(Sbi cr 

3K0H0M.fl3uaMH eoBpeMeH.oCInecxBa).6',^»(ca.^.|]-■ 
fo/iOAT.. PoMaHT,. A. ruMcyiia. \\. 60 k. 
3a60Ta. PoMani. SydepMana. 11. 60 k. 
Ao noTOna. PoManT, iiai hchshh nepBoObixHUx 

.iiofleft. I'oiiu.C-b 16 pHcyHKaMH. ^. 50 k. 
Cie/i/ia. Ac.xpoHOMiiHecKiH poManx. K. <t>AnMMc 

piona. U. 80 K. 
KoHe^T. nipi. .\cxpoHOMai. poMam. 0.ia.M.vnpfoH 

Ct. 80 piic. U,. 60 K. 
Bt. He6ecjXT> (t/'raiiie). AcxpoHOMii'iecKiil poMan 

yi". ip.iaMMaiiioHa. Ct. 8'.* pnc. 3-o iiaj. ij,. 75 : 
np'.i CBtrt 3Bt3A'b. Ilony.ii.-HayHHi.ie 04epKii 

<I>A(lMM(tpi01Ut. U,. 1 p. 

flo BOnnaHi fiesKOHesHOCTH. AcxpoHowmecKa 

(J)aHxa3ia A'. <P.iaM»iiptouu. 2-e H3;i. U.. 80 k. 
.lOBtHiuie pyccKie nHcaienH. Kniira A-ia noMan 

HflroHxenia./l. /(siiwinona. Ct. 72 nopxp. U. 3 { 

BT, nep. 3 p. 75 k. 
CoHioflOrHHecKifl ocHOnti ncTopiM. .'fiiK0M6a. Ilepe 

CT. $paHu., noai. pejaKU. P. Ce.neHmKoecKat 

U,. 1 p. 50 K 
yiMTepaiypa XIX b^bio bt. ea r/iaBHtHjiMXi. reMOH 

nxi>. J'. EpuHdica. OpaHii,. .Tiiixep.: Jlnxepaxyp? 

SMiirpanxoBT.. PeaKuia bo fI>paHu,iH. PoMaHXH*'' 

cKaa inK0.Ta. IlepeBCJia .v. Sayepa. Ct. 13 uopT 

n BCxyiiHX. cxaxbeii A'. Co.ionheea. II. 2 p. 
^iiepaiypHOe pa3BMTie pi3AHMHbix'b n/ieiweH'b 

HapOAOBT.. III. .iemypno. llep. B. CexmAO»cKat 

\\. 1 p. 60 K. 
ncMXMHecKie(})aKTopbi t;MBHfi>i3ai;iH. .'7. Vopda.Tlf 

CT. amviiiicii. J. ^i,aenOu'ia. il24. ]\. 80 K. 
Hiom XIX Btwa. M. Hop'tH,<. llepcBOAi. ci Hi 

NienKaro. IK 3ny.*ps. U,. 40 k. 



A03B. ueH3. Cl)r>. 30 Miipui IH'Jis r. Tun. Tub. .,06iu. no.iLsa", B. IlojitSH, 39. 




BaUJHHrTOH'B. 



iKH3HL 3AM^^IATE.ILHLIX^L .HOJEH 

BiorPA*nqECKAa biib.iioteka <H. FIABVIEHKOBA 



r. BAUJMHrTOHl} 

ErO )KH3flb, BOEHHAfl H OBmECTBEHHAfl pflTEMOCTB. 



BlOrPAtHHECKIH OHEPKId , 

B. HennHCKaro. 



C-b nopxpexoMi BaranHrxoHa, rpaBHpoBaHHHMi bi neiepOyprt K. A3;toi»'b 



a^HA 25 Kon. 



C.-nETEPBYPr'L 
Timorp. BwcoiAtraE yTBEPxaEHHAro Tosap. «06ni;ecTBeHHafl IIojiB3a», 

BojiBmaa HoaiHiecKaa 39. 

1898 



t 



WASHU 



JI,03B0JieH0 ii,eH3ypoK). C.-neTep6yi)ri, 8 HHsapa 1898 r. 



OrJIABJlEHIE. 

CTP. 

BBe^eHie 5 

rJIABA I. 

Jt-feTCTBO U F)HOCTB BafflUHrTOHa 7 

rJIABA II. 

Bouna cb (j|)paHii;y3aMii h naiajo BoeHHofr ^'fefliejiBHOCTn BaniHHrTOHa. 16 

r.TABA III. 
JlepeBeHCKaa atasHj. BamiierTOHa . 27 

r.IABA I\' 
npH^HBH It Haiajo aMepHKaecEon peBOjrroiiiiH 37 

IMABA Y. 

Xoat aMepiiKancKoS peBOJiioaiu ott. Baaxifl BocTona ji,o coroaa cb 

<i>paHn;iefi iH 

r.IABA Yl. 
liocjijHie roAH airepHKaHCKOu pesojiiomH 62 

rJIABA YII. 
nepepMB'i. o6mecTBeHnoH JiijuejiBHOCTii BamuerxoHa 74 

rJIABA YIII. 
Ilpe3H;i,eHTCTB0 ii nocjiiaaie toau BaniiiHrTOHa 82 



IlpH eoeraBjieHlH HacTOflmaro oM^epKa ejiyacHJiH 
CJi^AyiomiH KHHrn: 

1. Jared Sparks, « Life of George Washington, » Boston, 1834—37. 

2. « Works of George Washington*, edited by J. Sparks. 

3. Pmso, «OiepK'B HH3HH BamHHFTOHa*, C.-nexepSyprTj, 1863. 

4. Cornelis de Witt, «Histoire de Washington*, precedee d'une 

etude historique sur WashingtonparM. Guizot, Paris, 1884. 

5. Bancroft, «Essay on the Life of Washington*, London, 1835. 

6. Washington Irving, «Life of George Wasliington*, New- York, 

1855—58. 

7. Paul Ford, <^The True George Washington*, London, 1897. 



BBe^eHie. 

KoHeii,^ X\'lII-ro CTOJitTia — 9to anoxa KpynHbix'L oSmecTBen- 

HLIXT> nepeBOpOTOB'L, KaKlj BT> HOBOM'L, TaKT, D B'b CTapOMt CstTt. 

HeaaAOJiro Jto Haqa-ia BejiHKoii (|)paHE[y3CK0u peBOJiK»ii,iii pas- 
pasHJiacb ynopsaa ooptoa MejKAy AnrjiieH h ea cfeBepo-aMepa- 
KaHCKHMH KOJiOHiHMH, ;i,o6HBaBm0MncH noJiHoii nojiuTnqecKofi ne- 

SaBHCHMOCTH. 

9Ta oopboa, KpafiHe Tpy;i,Haa ji;jia aMepHKann.eB'L h noTpe6o- 
BaBiuaa ot-b hhxt> »ipe3Bi.iqanHaro nanpaaceHia chji'l, yBtHqajiacb 
nojiHLiM'b TopKecTBOMT) KOJioHiH Ediji,!, MorymecTBeHHofi Meipono- 
Jiieft n iipHBGJia k-b ocHOBaniio oouinpHOH pecnyojiHKH — CiBepo- 

AMeUHKaHCKHX'b CoeJtHHeHHMX'b inxaiOB-b, Ha /I;0JIK) KOXOpHXl) 

BHnajia orpoiiHaa pojib b'b iicTopia qejiOB'feqecTBa. YcntxoM'L 
CBOHM'B aMepHKaacKaa peBOJuouia oQasaaa B'b 3Haq0TejibHon Mtpi 
CBoeMy BoeHHOMy Boacj^io — Feopry BarnHHrTony, KOxopbiH, uo 
OKOHqaniH 6opb6b[ cb AHrjiiefi, c/itjiajica nepBUMi, npe3nj;eHT0M'b 
lOHofl saaxjiaHTHqecKofr pecnyojiHKH. Feopr'b BauinHnoH'b — 9xo 
OAHa H3'b caMbix'b 3aMtqaxejibHbix'b, opuniHajibHbix'b ii CBixJibixi, 
jiHqHOcxefi, Kor;i;a 1060 ji;'bacxBOBaBniHX'b B'b 0cropin; aey^HBa- 
xejibHo noaxoMy, qxo ^aJKe xpesBme, npaKxaqecide aHK0 ji.OHHH'b 
oKpyacaiox'b cBoero jK>6iiMaro Hai],ioHajibHaro repoa KaKHM'b-xo 
CBepxqejioB'feqecKOM'b opeojiOxM'b, aaji.'fejiaiox'b ero — xaK'b me KaK'b 
$paHKJiHHa cInHKOJibHa — BceBosMoacHMMH jtoSpoAixejiaMH, ne 
j];onycKaa B'b neM-b h0 neflocxaxKOB'b, h0 cjiaSocxeii, h0 jLame 
omaooK'b. 

Ho, no npaB^li CKasaxb, BamonrxoH'b-qeJLOB'feK'b mhofo 0Hxe- 
pecH'fce, He3Keji0 BamnnrxoH'b-nojiySor'b; xoxa ac03Hb, ji'feaHia, 
MHCJ10, qyBCXBa n xapaKxep'b ero 3aKJiK)qaK)X'b bi> ce6'b MHoro 
QoyqnxejibHaro ji;jia npocxux'b CMepxHtix'b, ho Hejib3a' coMH'feBaxbca, 
qxo 6ujiu y nero n Heji;ocxaxKH, KaK'b Jinqntie, xaK'b u Haii,ioHa;ibHbie, 
a xaKace HSAOCxaxKn xofi 3nox0, B'b KaKyio oh'b jkhji-b. KaK'b 6u 
MM HH 6biJi0 jiajieKH ox-b oooroxBopeHia repoeB'b, no mh hh mo- 
jKGM'b He np03Haxb, qxo BaniHHrxoH'b asjiaex-b co6ok) KpanHe 
p^AKift npnM'fep'b rapMOHHqecKaro coqexaaia Jiyqmiix'b KaqecxB'b 
qejiOBtqecKOH ripnpoAbi. Tame jho^r Be3A'fe, r^t 6bi ohh ne noas- 
jia.'i0Cb, pacnpocxpaaaiox'b BOKpyr'b ce6a ^oSpo 11 CB't.x'b, h6o ohh 



JKH3HI. BAM-^qATEJIbHHX^ .lIOilED. 



CjiHace, TfeMT> npoqie jimm, iioj^xojiaTT, kt> H;tea.iy lejioBtKa. 

Ilpfl yAHBHTeJIBHofi JloSpOTt, OHH ooflqaioTca MomHWin, AyxoMT>, 
6jiaroAapfl KOTopoMy cdokohho OTHOCflTca kg Bcijii. npeBpaxHO- 
CTaMT> JKH3HH, HG sajiyMbiBaioTCfl noacepTBOBaiB jiHqHHMH SjiaraMH 
pa^H TopacecTBa bcthhli cnpaBeAJiHBocTH, pa^n cqacxbfl cbohx'b 
6jinacHHX'L. TaKOBt Sbijuj BauiHHrTOHij, xapaKxepoM-B cbohmi> na- 
noMHHaiouufi CKop'fee repoeBx. ApeBHOcxH, HeacejiH cbihobt> Hacxoa- 
maro BpeMeHH. IlpH BceaiTj xomX) OAHaKO BaniHHrxoHX. 6^1^ 
TaKace hcxhehbimT) aMepHKaHii.eM'L, HociixejieMTj a BLipasHxejieMX) 
jyimHxi) cxpeMJieHiu, qyBCXBXj h JiBicjieii CBoeii naiiifl, a noxoMy 
OH-L dojite, qtiM-L kxo-jihoo jipyrofi, cnocooeH'L 6uA'h ocymecxBnxb 
napoAHoe jifhjio. Xoxa poAHJica 11 Bocnnxajica ohX} b-b sajKHXoqaoH, 
Aaace apiicxoKpaxaqecKofi cpeji-fe, ho b'b HeMT> rjiy6oKo BH'feApeHbi 
OHJiH AeMOKpaxaqecKia xeHAeHU,in cbo6oaojik)6hbwx1) aMepHKaa- 
CKHXt kojiohhcxob'l; K'b xoMy ace axo ohji'b Hacxoamift «maker of 
himself)) (cauoyqKa bo Bcix'B CMHCiaxTi), caMosiy ce6t oSasaHHun 
H CBOHMH sHaaiaMii, 11 BwpaooxKofi BOJiH, KaKx> 9X0 M noAooaeiT) 
aMepiiKaniiy. 

Oh-B BtpUJ!!) BCeiO AyinOH B'B HenOKOJieSHMOCXB AeMOKpaxH- 

qecKHxt npoBi^BnGB'B, Btpnji'L, qxo nojiaxaqecKaa caMOcxoaieJiB- 
HOCXB cA'feJiaex'B cooxeqecxBeHHaKOBT) ero cqacxjiHB'be, C03/i;acx'B 
jUJia. huxX) 6o.Tfee AOCxotiHyio jkhshb, a noxowy BcaKie qecxo.iio6n- 
BBie saMBicjiLi oHJiii ejiy qy^jiBi, u ohtj ^a-ieKx. oujvh oxx. xoro, 
qxoSiii 3Jioynoxpe6HXB cBoeio BoeHHOio BJiacxBio xaKx., KaKX) 
KpoMBejiB HJiH HanojieoH'B, xoxa .lerao Mor^ 6u nofixa no cxo- 
naMT) Hxt; HO Hapymesie AOBtpia Hapo^a KasajiocB eny cBaxoxax- 
cxbomtj. FjiydoKiH yMx., coeAHHeHHbm ch npaRXflqecKHMX) CMHCJiOM'b 
nacxoamaro ahkh, HencxouiHMaa anepria, HenoKOJie6iiMaa BOJia, 
HpaBcxBGHHaa iipaHuuniajibHocxb, npn BceMXj xom^ npocxoxa n 
CKpoMHocxb — npHBHJieria hcxuhho Beji0Knx'b Haxypi, — Bcfesiu 
axflMH KaqecxBaM0 BamnHrxoHTj oojiaa.aji'b bi bhcokoh cxeneHH; 
Jiyquiaro BOJK^a BpaA'b-Jin y^ajiocb 6u HalixH aMepHKaan.aM'b, B'b 
xo Bpeaia em,e BecbMa cjiaowM'b no cpaBneHiio co cbohmh BparaMH. 
KaK'b oH'b npHM'bHaji'b wb fl^liJiy cboh chocoOhocxh, KaK'b yM'feji'b 
noHBMaxb HacxpoeHie, HyjKAU BoncKa napoAa, B'b KaKoR cxe- 
neHfl .iHqHOCxb ero Morjia pyKOBOAnxb xo^OM-b ncxopnqecKHX'b 
cooHxin, jiOKaacext noji,po6Hoe ero >Kn3Heon0caHie B'b coasH cb 
o6mecxBeHHbiMn, noJinxiiqecKKMH aKOHOsmqecKHMH {|iaKxaMH. 
cpe^H Koxopbix-b npnmjioch eaiy A'tncxBORaxb. 



rjIABA I. 

/^tTCTBO M lOHOCTb BaUJMHrTOHa. 

IlpeflKu BauiHHrTOHa . — Ero AtxcTBO.— Ciiepit oma. — B.iiaHie Marepii.— 

niKOJia.— .JKusHL BT. aoMi CTapmaro Cpaia.— BoeHBUfl HaKJiOHHOCTH. - 

IlepBaa jiiodoBb.— SflaKOMCTBO ii .ipyatoa ci jiopj;oMi> ToMacoMt $3p- 

(})aKC0M'i.. — BarnHHrTOHT.— oSmecTBeHHBiii seaiJieM'fep'b. 

HeMHorie aMepHKaen,bi Moryi'L noxBajiHTbca laKott poAOCJiOB- 
HOH, KaK-L Feopri) BauiHHrTOH'L; EnpoqeMT), poAOCJioBHaa sia, no 
co6cTBeHHOMy npnsHaHiio BaiuHHrioHa, He nM^jiaocoOeHHaro 3Ha- 
qenifl b'b ero r.iasaxt. Oet npoHCXOjiHJiTj ott> pojtOBHTofi anrjiiH- 
CKOH apHCTOKpaTiu, noHBJifliomeiicfl B'b iicTopia yace Bt XII B^Kt. 
BarnHHrxoHLi b-l Anrjiiii 6hjiii pHn;apaMH-JieHHHKaM0 enncKona 
^ypraMCKaro ii npocjaBHJiHCb cbohmh noxo^aMn npoTHBi. jtiiKHX'b 
cKOTTOB'b. B-bXYI CTOJi'feTiH poji^ BamnHrTGHOB'b pacnajicfl Ha Hi- 
CKOJibKO B'bTBefi. Po;i;oHa^ajibHiiKOM'b Tofi b^tbh, OTt KOTopofl npo- 
HCXo;i,Hjn> BOiKjib aMepuKaHCKoii peBOJiion,in, ouji'h Jlopencb Ba- 
raHHrxoHT), Aiapi) ropoAa HopirSMnTOHa, bo Bpejia pe(|)opMaii;m 
ycepjlHO noMoraBuiifi FeHpiixy Till pacxHiu,aTb MOHacibipcKm 
BJiaAinifl. 3a 9to eiviy nojKajiOBaHO oujio noMtcibe CyjibrpeBi), u 
noTOMKn ero uoabsoBajiHCb o.iaroBOJieHieM'b h MHJiocTaMH aHoii- 

CKHXl) KOpOJiefl — KaKTj TlOAOpOB'b, TaKl. D CTK)apTOBT>, a noTOMy 

oTJiHiajiBCb ropaqefi npejiaHHOcibio npeciojiy AnrJiin. UojiKOBHHK'b 
^aieMCb BauiHHrTOH'b nonjiaTHJica jiaace JKHSHbio, cpaacaacb sa ko- 
pojia Kapjia I. ^pyroH hojikobhhkI), reepfl BauiHHriOH'b, okojo 
Toro ace BpeMenn upocjiaBHJica repoHCKOio saiuHTofi jiOB'fepeHHaro 
euy KopoJieM-b ropoAa Bopqeciepa h cnncKaji'b ce6'b yjiBBJienie h 
ysaaceHie ;;ajKe cbodxi. BparoB-b peBOJiK)ii,ioHepoBTj. 

nocjii CMepiH Kap.ia I, Korjta KpoMBejib naqaji-b SeanomaAHO 
npecjifeflOBaxb npiiBepateHiieB'b Kopojia, ohh oahh-b 3a ^pyrnMi. 
ciajin nepeceJiaibca B'b cfeB. AMopHKy, rjiaBHBiM'b oopasoM'b bt. 
BflprHHiH). Ty;ia JKe, B'b 1657 r,, oepecejiHJincb oS'fe/tH'feBmie npa- 
BHyKH .lopeHca BaniHHrTOHa. Oji.B.ni> ns^ hhx'b, /I,acoH'b, npioSp'feji'b 
ceot noM'fecTbe na p. BpnjiJK'b-KpHK'b, npnxoK'fe IIoxGMaKa, B'b 
rpa^cxB-fe BecxMopjieHAt. diieHHBniHCL na 6oraxoH A'feBymK'fe, OH-b 
cAi-iajca OAHHM'b ns'b casiwx'b KpyoHbiX'b njiaHxaxopoB'b BnpraHiH, 



HCHSHL SAM^qATEJIBHblXT) JHOftEII. 



a BDOCJi'feACTBiH, yqacTBya b-l iioxoAt dpothbt. HHA'feftueB'L, oKa- 
sajit cBoefi HOBOH ponHHt 6ojibmifl ycjiyra. BnyKt J^trorbl, Asry- 
CTHHi), oieu'b 3HaMeHiiTaro 6opD;a 3a CBo^o^y AMepHKo, po^Hiica 
B-L 1694 r. OhT) nojiyqnji'B Bucuiee odpaaoBaeie bi> Anrjiin, a no 
B03Bpaiii,eHiH oTiyAa sanajica cejibCKHMi. xobhhctbom'b BtyHacji'fe- 
JtoBaHHbix'L iiMT) seMJiaxt H MEJio-no-Majiy 3HaqnTejbH0 pacmapHJi'B 
cboh BJiaAtnifl. ABrycinHT) BaiUHHrTOs^ 6uji'h jKeHaTi) ;i,Ba pa3a. 
Ot-b nepBaro 6paKa y nero 6biJio JiBa cbiHa — -Jopencb n Asry- 
cTiiH'b; OTt BToporo — CL KpacHBoii, yMHon Mapn BojiJib — qeibipe 
cbma H j^Bt jioqepH. CTapiuia iistj hhxt., reopri), poAHBiuiflca 
22 (J)eBpajia 1732 r. B-b oxn.oBCKOM'b noMtcxbt na p. BpHftacB- 
KpHKi, c^fjJiaji'b HMa BaniHHrTOHOBTj OescMepiHtiMT). 

BcKopt uocji'fe poacAeeia Beopra, oTen.'b ero cb ceMbeio nepe- 
'fexajiT) B-b jipyroe HMtnie, Haxoi^iiBineeca btj rpa(|)CTB'b CTpa(|)- 
({jopA'b, HejiajieKO ox'b r. <l>peAepHKc6ypra. Sittcb npoieoo A'feTCTBO 
H lOHOCTb Beopra BaiuHHrioHa. ^Teniio, nncbMy h i].bi(|)Hp0 ohTj 
Hayqnjica bi. inKOJil) iipnxojiCKaro noHOMapa BO660, KOiopuS caM-b 
uojiaAaji'b BecbMa cKyjiHbiMH nosHaaiaMH. Ktj cqacibio, Beopn 
nM-feix B03M0}KH0CTb paciuupaib CBOH cB^AtHia BT> ceMbt BO Bpesia 
n nocji'fe OKOHqaHia «Kypca aayKi.* y BO660. Oieu.'b Beopra, kg 
Topufi 6HJi'b AJiH cBoero BpeMenn O'leab o6pa30BaHHbiMT. qejiOBi- 
komtj, jiiooHJi'b 6ecii3;oBaTb co cbohmh j^tibMH sanpocxo na pa3HKifl 
xeMLi, cxapaacb pa3BHBaxb hxx, h sapoaaxb bi, hx^ Ajmj jiiooobl 
KT> xpy;ty h kT) npaB^t. Cxapmaro cLina cBoero oxtj nepBaro 6paKa, 
jlopenca, KaK-b CBoero aacji'bflHHKa, ohtj oxnpaBHjn> b-b AarjiiK) 
;],jia nojiyqenia Bbicmaro odpasoBaaia; Beopry-ace npnxoAHJiocb ao- 
BOJbcxBOBaxbca MeHbrnHMX). 3axo Beopn. nojib30Bajica BcfewH 6jia- 
raMH 3ji;opoBofi jtepeseHCKOH acH3HH na qncxoM-b Boa^yxt n, 
KptnKiH, 3;i;opoBbiH yjKe ox'b npnpoAbi MajibqaKx., (J)H3HqecKH pa3- 
BHBajica KaKX) Hejib3a Jiyqme. SaMtqaxejibHO, qxo o3,hok) H3'b jik)- 
OHMbiX'b ero Hrpi) 6biJia erpa bi. coJiAaxbi co CBepcxanKaMii. 9x0 
6wjio BapoqeMTj Bnojiat ecxecxBeaao, ecjiH npaaaxb bo BHOMame 
OKpyacaBiiiyio ero axM0Cc{)epy, Bpaxx. ero Jlopencb, BepnyBmncb 
HS-L AHrjiia, upHHai'byqacxie bT) Bottat Memjiy Aarjiieft n HciiaHiefi; 
OHi) He pa3'b HM^jii. cjiyqafi cpaa:axbca cb HcnaHi;aM0, neBOJibHO 
jltftcxBOBaji'b aa MjraAuiaro 6paxa cboomtj BoeaaHM'b BOOjiymeBJie- 
HieM'b, iipiiroxoBJiaacb k-b noxoAy. Jl,a 11 Bca EHpraaia bT) 9xo 
BpeMa 6HJia oxsaqeaa Boeaaon ropaqKofi, h Mojio^eacb ae 3aMe- 
fljiHJia xaKHce 3apa3nxbca ero, BeoprX) ycxpaHBai-b hojikh hs'l cbo- 
HX-B uiKOJiBBHX'b xoBapnmefi, oSyqajix. hxT) MapmnpoaaxB x. ji;. h 



TEOPri) BAinHHrTOHlj. 



jH&TRe saAaBaJit cpajKeek — na stotI) paai. kslkti rjiaBHOKOMas- 
jiyroniiitt uikojih ro660. 

no OKOHqaHiii BOKHU, JIopeHCT.BauiHarTOH'B eepnyjica aomoh, 
HO 6oJibUie Ha BoeHHyio ciyacSy eiwy nociynaib ne npaiujiocb, 
TaKi. KaKTi Bi) anptit 17 i;j r. BHesanao CKOHiaJica ero oieu'b, b 
JIopeHCT. cTaHOBHJica MasuK) ceMbH. IIo omoBCKOMy saBtmaniio, 
OHT> nojiyqnJi'b initHie na 6epery p. IIoTOMaKa; BTopoS cuR-h gt^ 
nepBaro opaKa, ABrycTMHT>, nojiy'iHJi'b poAOBoe HMtnie btj BecT- 
MopjieHji.'ii, a Feopry npennasnaqajiocb to noMtcxbe, r;!,^ oH-b bw- 
pocb, n r^t 0X61^1) cb coMbeio npoBOJix. cboh nocjitAaie ro;i,w. 

BcKopt nocjit cMepiH oma, JTopeHCTi, necMOxpfl aa paseni^y 
jitiTj, oieHb jiK)6HBmiii Feopra, JKeHajiCfl na mhccb AHH'fc <I»3p(J)aKCi 
H nocejiHJicfl Bi> CBoeMi) HMfeaia Ha p. noTOMaK'b,Ha3BaB'b 9T0 no- 
MtcTbe MoyHTTj-BepHOHOMi. BT) qecTb a;],M0pajia Bepaosa, iio;i,'b 
HaqajibCTBOMTj KOToparo ohb cjiymiiJi'b bo (J)ji0Tt. 

Bji,OBa A.BrycT0Ha BaiiiHHrxoHa Ch a^ibMu ocxajiacb jKaib b^ 
HMtHin, Haxo;i,QBaieMCfl bt. rpa4)CTBt CTa(J)(|)op/i;'fe. CorjiacHO saBt- 
ni,aHiK) MyjKa, Mapn BauinnrTOH'b 6biJia Hasaaqena oneKyHuieio 
CBOoxi. A'bTen a npeAHasHaqaBUiaroca hmt> HMymecxBa. Ofla, KaKii 
oKasajiocb, obiJia enojiat jiociofiHa xaKoro Aoetpia. 9xo 6biJia 

HCeHmHHa CTi HOAIOJKnHeMMl. npupOAHUMT, yMOMT), SAOpOBbIMn 

HHCXEHKxaMH H CHJibHofi BOJioH. He CMOxpfl HR CBO0 rpyooBaxbifl 
MaHopbi H cypoBMH BuixTi, OHa OTJiaqajiacb npocxoxoio h ji,o6phmtj 
cepAueM'b. Mhoto BpesieHB oxHHMajiH y nea pasHua aaooxbi no 
xosaficxBy; ho ona yarfejia Haxoji,0Xb CBOooAHbie ^lacw h hocbh- 
maxb 0XT) yiicxBeHHOMy ii HpaBCXBeuHOMy Bocn0TaaiK) cboox^ 
Atien. KaKXi cboomd oectAaMH ci> hhmh, xaK^ h npHMtpoMi) cbogh 
JK03H0, OHa cxapajiacb BHymaxb hmt> cosHaHie ^oJira, yBaKenieKi) 
qejiOBtqecKofi jiaqHocxH h yjitHbe cji,ep3K0BaTb BHtmaia npoaB- 
jienia CBoero xeivinepaMeHxa. Feopri) oqenb noxoAnjiXi jian.OM'b h 
xapaKxepoMi. na Maxb; bi. A'^TCXBt oh-b qacxo o6HapyHC0Bajn> 
BcnujibqHBbiH n HeyKpoxHMufi npaBij, ho Bct axn mepoxoBaxociH 
ero xapaKiepa Majio-no-iviajiy crjiasKHBajiHCb hoaTj pasyMBbiM-b 
BJiiaHieiii. Maxep0. Oaa qacxo q0Tajia CBO0M'b A'feTHM'b BCJiyxT> Bbi- 
jiepjKKH ns'b KHHrxj peji0rio3Haro HpaBCXBGHHaro coAepjKania, 
Kacaacb np0 axoMT> BCOBOSMOJKHbix'b jKiixeilcKHX'b oxeomeHiii; oco- 
oeHHoe Bneqaxjitnie na Feopra npo03Beji0 «Pa3MbimjieHia pe.iH- 
rio3Haro HpaBCXBeHHaro xapaKTepa» Fe&Jia; Kh axon KHHrt 
OH-b BCK) JKOsHb naxajii, npacxpacxie h noqxa HHKorAa He pa3cxa- 
Bajica Ch HOK). 



10 SRWSEh 3AM*qATEJILHHXl> JIH);i;EH. 

Mapa BamiiHrTOH'b Swjia ne hst* xtx-L Marepen, KoiopHa Sesi. 
;i,OJiruxi. pa3roBopoBT> MtiaT'L cbohxi. CHHOBen bt. renepajiH. Ona 
6uM qyHCJta BCHKaro imecjiaBia h BOBce ne Meqiaaa o lOMt, 
mo6u CMH'B ea xeaiaji'L SBfeAti ci> neSa. IIpeffiAe Bcero, efi xo- 
lijiocb, qTo6Bi Feopn, 6Lijn> xopoiuHM'L cejibCKHMT> xosaeHOMT,, 
mo6u OHi) saM'feHHJii oxiia MJiaiimHMi> 6paTbaMT> h cecipaMt, a 
AJia MaxepH 6biJii. 6h onopofl b-l ciapocTH. Repeal HtKoiopoe 
Bpewa nocjit cMepin Myaca, ona oxnpaBHja Feopra Bt HMiflie 
opaxa ero ABrycxHHa jijih nocfemenia HaxojiHBmenca no 6jih30cxh 
iiiKOJibi BajiJibflMca, r/i-fe Feopr-b Morij npio6ptcx0 Bci Heo6xo;tH- 
Mbia A-^a cejibCKaro xosanna nosHaaia. Biy lUKOJiy FeoprX) noct- 
majiTj Bxeqenie sicKOJibKHX'b JiixX), nayqaa xaM^ MaxeMaxHKy, 
reoMexpiK) h MeaceBoe HCKyccxBo. Bx> mKO.it Bii.MbaMca ae o6y- 
qajiB HH JiHxepaxyp'fe, an naucxpaaaHMi asbiKaii'b, a noxoaiy Ba- 
lunarxoa'b aDKor^a ae aaajii. an OABoro asbiKa, KpoMt aarjiia- 
CKaro. 3axo aerjiiScKHMi) asbiKO.M'b obx> BJiaAtji^ b-b coBepmea- 
cxBt, BO aiMM'b odasaai. 6ajii> CKopte ceSt, qliMXi niKOJi'Ii. DyieM'b 
ynopauxX) a j^ojimxiy ynpajKaeaia aayqcjica oa^ Bbipaacaxbca 
KpaxKO II flCBO. Bx. CBoSoABbie oxtj saaaxifi qacbi oa-b nepena- 
cbiBajix. BUAepJKKB B3X> BeMBorax'b KBHiKeKX,, nonaAaBmnxca eiiy 
iiOAt pyr^y, HJin HSJiarajix. npoqaxaaaoe cboomii cjiOBaMii; xexpa^a 
ero, coxpaauBiuiaca /i,0Bbm'£, CBH;i,txejibcxByK)X'b o npajiejKaaia a 
ycn/iqBBocxM, nopasaxejibabixX) jiJia MajibqnKa ero Bospacxa. Tm,a- 
xe.ibao oxn^JibiBajiXj oax> cboii cjionb, Korji,a nncajiX) nsjioKeBia, — 
o6i> axoMXj MoatBO cy^axb no noMapKaMTi; xniaxejibao Koi]npoBajn> 
KajiJiHrpa(|)nqecKie oSpasuH, a iiajio-no Majiy Bbipa6oxa:ix> ceot 
iiexKiH, KpacBBbia uo'iepK/b ii npeKpacayfi cjiorxj. 3aMtqaxejibB0, 
qxo oax> ct> A'^TCXBa qpesBbiqaflao jKoajiX) aepenacwBaxb A^JioBbifl 
oyMara — saaLmaaia, KoaxpaKXbi, BCKcejia a x. n. Oa-b oqeBB/iBO 
caMT> Biiojiali cepbesBo roxoBiiJica kxj pojiH cejibCEaro xosaaaa, 
cxapaacb npio6p'bcxH bcIi aeoOxoABMbifl jtJia axon ufkm npaKXii- 
qecKia nosaaaia. OcoSeaao ycep^ao H3yqajn> oai^ «CnyxaiiK'b 
MojiOAoro qejiOB'feKa», oxKy;i;a noqepnaji'b cBi^'feHifl o xomx>, KaKT> 
;iepji{axb ce6a bx> oOinecxBt, KaKT> nncaxb iiBCbMa n j^tjiOBbie ao- 
KyMeaxbi, KaKx> pasMeaceBUBaxb seMJia, cxponxb AOMa, npnroxo- 
B.iaxb qepaiiJia n CBupTi, pa3B0AUTb ^epeeba, noj^aeaxb nepByio 
iiOMomb Bi, SojiisaaxXi a x. ;i;. Texpa^KQ Feopra canji.'fexejib- 
cxByK)XT> nojiBOM'b oxcyxcxBin y aero xyAOKecxaeaaaro Aapo- 
Baaifl — BC'fe oat oxjinqaioxca ;i'fcjioBbiM'b xoaoMX), ;i,oxo;iamiiM'L ao 
cyxocxB. Heqero a roBopaxb, qxo BecbMa Maoria bstj npioopt- 



rEOpn> BAmHHrTOH't. 11 



TeHEbix-b HMi. npaKTHqecKHX'b nosHanifl npHro^HJiHCb eny mio- 
cJitACTBiH. Bt yMiHLH cocxaBjaTb jifkji.oBua. 6yMarn ohi. Mort co- 
nepHflqaib cl jhoShmi. lopHCTOMi.. 

B-L cBoSo^Hoe speMH Feoprb BaraHHriOH'L cb yejieqeHien'L 
npe;i,aBajica ^ma^.ecKaR'h ynpaacHeniaM^ — Siry, npuraHBio, co- 
CTflaaHiflMt H np., a rjiaBBLiMt oSpasoMt BepxoBOH 'fe3;it. y^e 
Bi) 14 jitii. OHt 6e3'L Tpyji,a oC'L'fesjKaji'L caiibixT) Heo6y3AaHHLiXT> 
jiomaAeu a cjiHjn> sa npeBocxoAearo HatsAHHKa. <t>03]iyecKoe pas- 
BiiTie ero mjio pyna o6T) pyKy ch yMCTBeHHBiM'L, n bto MHoro 
cnocoocTBOBajio lOMy, qio hsI) Hero BMiuejiT) TaKoii ypasHOBi- 
meHHUH 'lejiOB'feK'L. Cpejtn lOBapHmeS oh'l noJibsoBajica jik- 

OOBbKt, OCOSeHHO 3a CBOK) ripjIMOTy H UpaBAHBOCTb. HeptAKO 

OHi) B'b KaqecTBt TpeieficKaro cyabii yjiaacHBaji-b pa3Horjiacia n 
cnopH MBHAy iiiKOJibHUKaMH, — pojib, KOTopyio Buocji'hji.ii'TBiE, Sy/ty^n 
rjiasoH) aMepHKaacKaro CoH)3a, ae pasi) npaxoAHJiocb eaiy acnoji- 
aaib B'b HHOMT> Macmiaot. 

KaanKyjibi a npasAHHKa Feopr-b qacTO npoBOAHJi'b fit 
Moyax'b-Bepaoa'b, bi. ceMbtcBoero Spaia Jlopeaca, Koiopbiil HM'feji'b 
Ha aero cHJibHoe BJiiaaie n Bnojiafe 3aM'feBajn. eaiy oiaa. 
Jlopencb BTb 3T0 Bpejia Sbiju. qjieHOM'b 3aKOHOji;aTejibaaro 
co6paai3 Bapraaia n bt. to jkg apewa BoeaauM'b aa- 
'lajibaaKOM-b xoro OKpyra Bnpraaia, vjyh aaxoAHJiocb ero aiitaie. 
JopeHCb nosaaKOMBjn. Feopra ch ceMbeft CBoero xecTa, Jiop^a 
BflJiJibaMa $3p(|)aKca. CaM'b jio^ji,'h BajiJibaMX), acaBmiii bx> BM^aia 
BejibByap'b, 6hm'b qejiOB-feKx. odpasoBaaaua a 6biBajibia a cxapocxb 
CBOH) pimajix. npoaecxa Bi^Bapriiaia, rji,t yapasjiajn, oSmapabiiia 
noMicTbaMa cBoero 6paxa, jiopAa ToMaca. CeMba $ap(J)aKCOB'b 
npaaaajewajia kx. H3ucKaaHofi aarjiiacKoii apacxoKpaxin, ir bx. aefi- 
xo MOJiOAoa Feoprx, nojiyHajix. OKoaqaxejibayio CBixcKyio niJiB(|)0BKy. 
Bonpocx> noaejieaia bx. o6niecxB'£ cajibao 3aHHMajix> Feopra, n 
oax. caMx> cocxaBJiajix. ex. CBoacxBeaaoio eaiy oOcxoaxejibaocxbio 
npaaajia am CBoero pyKOBO^CTBa. J[o aacx. AoniJia Maoria asi. 
axBxx. apaBHJix., no npaa^t cKasaxb, ^OBOJibao aaaBHbixx. a nypbes- 
blixxj, Pa^OMx. cx> xaKBSin npaBHJiaMB: «npH bcskomx. AtacxBia bx. 
003^00X64 cjitayexX) npaaaiviaxb bo oaHMaaie ayacxBa a B3rjiaAU 
npacyTCTByiomaxX)», Moacao a^nxa a xaKia: «HaxoAflCb bx. o6m,e- 
CTB'I',, ae pacH'feBaiixe ceofe noAX)-aocX), ae 6apa6aabxe najibn,aMH u 
ae cxyqaxe aoraMB», hjih: «He cnaxe, Korji,a Apyrie roBopaxx.; Be 
CQAnxe, Kor^a Apyrie cxoaxx; ae roBopaxe, Korja cxtAyexx. mo.i- 



12 3Tfn3HF. SAM-B^ATEJIfcHBlXT. JIIOJIEil. 

iaTfc» H T. A- BnpoqeMi. BamHHrxoH'L cociaBJiaji'b btot'b K.o;i,eKCT> 
BnojiH'fe cepbesBO n cepbesHo ace npoBOji.HJi'L ero btj acasHb. 

BT) MoyHTi-BepHont MejK^y iipoqnMi) npooyAH-incb h BoenHbia 
naKJioHHOCTH BaiuHHrxoHa. .lopenci. 6ujn> Bceio Aymoio npejtaHi. 
BoeHHOMy ;i,'IiJiy: Kpoiit xoro, bT) aom^ ero neptAKO coSHpaiacb 
KanniaHM BoeHHwx'b aHrjiiocKQX'b KopaSjieS, cTOflBmHXT> naaKopi 
bt> IIcTOMaK'fe, a laKace npoBHen,iaJibHue o(|)Hn,epbi BiiprjaHin; 
FeoprT) TO h jitjio cjiuraaji'b pasroBopu na pasHUfl BoeHHua xeMbi; 
onncania ohtb^, BocnoMaeaHiH o cKHTamax-b no Mopio, o SopbSli 
CL nnpaTaMH — Bce sto rjiyooKo A'tHciBOBajio na BneqaxjiHTejibHaro, 
SHeprn^Haro Majib^HKa, Koxoparo HeBonbHO xaayjio k-l axon jkhshh, 
noJiHoii onacHocxefl u npaKJUoqeeiH. Bi. 14 Jitx'b ohx. aaaBH-ix. o 
CBoeMT. atejianiH nociynnxb aa MopcKyio cjiyacSy, ho BCxpixHJi'b 
cMbHoe conpoxHBJieHie btj Maxepu, Koxopaa b1) nocj'feji.HioK) mh- 
nyxy Bsajia CBoe ceaqa;ia-dbMO BUHyaciteHHoe corjiacie oOpaxao, 
He ptmaacb uoaeepraxb CBoero nepBeHn,a onacHocxaMT>, conpa- 
aceHHbiM'b c^ lioeHHoii jkhshbio. jl,tjaxb Oujio aeqero: Feopry npn- 
uiJiocb no;i,4UHiixbca Maxepa n Bepayxbca bT) uiKOJiy BiiiJibaMca. 
TaK'b iVdK'b btj axofi niKOJit Feopr^ npioopfejiT. Koe-Kada CB'fe/i'feHia 
no MeaceBaaiio seMejib, n xaK'b KaKXi seMJieMtpbi npcKpacHO onjia- 
qHBajiHCb btj Bjipraain, xo Feoprxj ptmnjH) Bsaxbca sa sxy npo- 
(|)ecciK). FpaeHn,b] BHprflHCK0XT> uoMtcxiii bb to Bpeivia ne 6hjim 
eni,e xo^ho ycxaaoBJieHbi, seMJieM'bpoB'b ace ObiJio Majio, a noxoMy 
9X0 Ohjit. njiaH'b BccbMa npaKxn'iecKia. Bxeqenie AByx^ ji-fexT) 
BaiunerTOH'b oocxoaxejibHO n cepbeaeo HsyqajH) seMJieMtpHoe 
aciiyccxBO, KaK-b xeopexaiecKH, xaKT> a npaKxa^ecKn, HacxofiiBBO 
ji,OBOj],a ji,o KOHU,a Bct npeAnpHHHMaeMbia aaixj paooxbi. 

CnoKoiinoe ^tjiOBoe Hacxpoeaie BamaHrxona 6uro Hapyuieno 
btj 3T0 Bpeivia MajteabKaMTb HecqacxbeMB: ghx. BJiioSHJiCfl, ho deaii 
BsanMHOCxa. 9xo coSHxie saneceHO Bt ero AHeBHHK-b, Koxoptifl ohTj 
BejiT) cb AecaxnjiliTHaro Bospacxa. naxHaAuaxajitxHia lOHOuia lyB- 
cxBOBajiTj ce6a rjiyooKO HecqacxHMM-b, nbixaaca HSJinBaxb CBoe 
rupe btj cxaxaxT), Koxopwe OAHaKO ne oQaapyacaBaroxxj hh Majiiii- 
luaro noaxaiecKaro AapoBaaia; bhaho xojibko, ito ohtj 6bi.n> oqeHb 
qyBCXBHxejieHT. irb acencKoii Kpacoxfe. Kxo ohjuj npeAwexoM-b ero 
nepBoii ntacHofl cxpacxa — neasBliCXHo; caai-b OHb bbahx-b rjiaBHyio 
npuquny CBoero necqacxia b-b oxcyxcxBia CMtjiocxH a bx. Heptma- 
MOCXH oxKpuxb «CBoe xocKyH)ni,ee, acxeKarontee KpoBbio cepAne*. 
BtpoaxHo ero Myqeaia oOxjacHaioxcfl HeBHaMaHieMT> ocoow, «uo- 
pasHBUieii ero cepAi^e cxptjioio KynnAOHa», kT) eosAuxaHiaMX) u 



TEOPri, BAUIHHriOH'b. 13 



yxaacHBaHtHMt'iuKOJiBHaro siajibqnmKH. Bo itcflKOMi) c.iyna'fe, sra 
CTpacTb Ha^ojiro napyinHjia AynieBHuii noKoii nH.iKaro lOHomu. n 
BnocitflCTBiH, jiaate bt, sptjiBie roAW, oht. Bcer^a Sbmt, MOJiia.iiHB'i) 

H SaCT'feHqnB'b B'b OOmeCTBt JKeHmHH'L. 

OKOHqnB-B uiKOJiy BajuiMMca, Feoprt nocejiHJica B'B MoyHTi)- 
BepHOfl'b. UlKOJiBHoe oSpaaoBanie ero Sbtjio OKOHqeno, ho j^ajieKO 
He yAOBJieiBopajio ero. laKi. qxo oh-b BC^qecKH cxapajicfl ero no- 
nojiHOTb. B'B MoyHT'L-BepHOH'b oh'b no n-fecKOJiBKy pas'B nepeqn- 
THBaji-B nonaji;aBmiflCfl eaiy noji,'h pyny HeiiHorifl KHnrn, n ynpa- 
HCHfljica B'B MeHveBaHia, xoia h 3;i,'feCB HecqacxHaa jih)6obb no Bpe- 
MenaM'B cbjibho ai'feniajLa eiay pa6oTaTb. IlHor;i,a oh'b u'fejiHMn qa- 
caMH SpoAHJi'B no ji'fecaM'B, ciapaacB OTBecin cbok) HaSo.i'feBrayK) 
Jiymy na .lont npnpoABi. 

Hep'feAKO noc'femaji'B oh^ ceMBio $9p({)aKC0B'B n nojipymnjicfl 
CB cxapniHM'B CBIHOM'B Jiopjia BnjiJiBaMa, reoproM'B. BaniHHrxoHy 
Slijio B'B xy nopy 16 ji'fex'B,HO, 6jiarojiapfl CBoeMy bbicokomv pocxy 
H Kp-fenKOMy x'fejiocjioaceHiK), oh'b npousBOAn.n'B Bneqaxji-feme BnojiH'fe 
BOSMyjKajiaro lOHomH. Oh'b Sbtji'b c^epman'B ne no ji'fexa&i'B, oxjih- 
qa.^ca co.in;i,HBiMi3 ManepaMH, coenHHenHbiMn cb npocxoxoio n 
cKpoMHocxBK), II nojiBSOBajica oSmHM'B yBajKenieji'B. BnyxpeHHJia 
6opB6a, nepeacHxaa iim'b, npn^ajia 6oji'fee onpe^'feJieHHBiS xapaKxepX) 
ero HpaBCXBeHHoil Jinqnocxn; BH'feniHiH JKe MejianxoraqecKin bhji'b 
npnjiaBaji'B Bcen ero (|)Hryp'b ocoSeHHyio npejiecxB. 

^lacxo SBTBaa y $ap(|)aKC0B'B b-b BejiBByapi, BaninHrxon-B no- 
3HaKOM0;icfl CB HacxoaniHM'B BJiaji.'fejiBn.eM'B axcro nM'feHia, jiopAOM'B 

TOMaCOlWB $9p(|)aKC0M'B, HejI,aBHO npiIOBIBUI IIM'B H3'B i\HrJlil3 CB 

n-fe-iBKi nocejiHXBca B'B BnprHHin. 3xox'b qejiOB'bK'B, HM'tBrnin ne- 
Ma.ioe BJiianie na xapaKxep'B n jkbshb BamnnrxoHa, Sbiji'b qncxo- 

KpOBHBTH apHCXOKpaX'B, OqBHB CRtXCKlH H B'B XO-JKO BpCMfl OqeHB 

o6pa30BaHHBirf, CB pasBHXBiMH jiHxepaxypHBiMM n xyAOJKecxBeH- 
HBiMH BKycaMH. Hey;i,aqHaa jik)6obb o^HaKo MM'feJia na nero xaKoe 
orpoMHoe BJiianie, qxo oht> HaBcer^a p'feuiHJi'B noKHHyxB cyexnyio 
CB'fcxcKyiG JKU3HB H AOJiroe BpeMa cKHxajica no CB'fexy, na'bsjKaa h 
R'BCBOH BHprHHCKia HM-fenia. BejinqecxBenHaa npHpojta n npiaxHBin 
KJinMax'B BflprnniH nacxojiBKO npnniJiiicB OMy no jxyui'h, qxo btj 
cxapocxii OH'B naBcerjta ptmiiJi'B 3A'fecB nocejinxBca. HecMOxpa na 
pfeida qepxBi Jima n BKCueHxpnqHBia ManepBi, axo Sbiji'b Jio6pBiii 
cxapoK'B, JierKO cxo;i,HBniiHca cb jiioabmm, n b'b ero oomecxBt 
MOJiOAofi BaniMHrxoH'B cxpaxnyji'B cboio MejiaiixoJiiio. EM'tcx-fe cb 
Jiopji;oMx> ToMacoM'B Feopr'B oxoxu.ica na jnciinx,, — qxo cxapnK'B 



14 aCH3HL SAM'fiqATEJIbHHX'L jriOHEH. 

cqflTajn> caMbiM'B BtpHbiMi) cpeji.CTBOM'b OTt HecqacTHoii jijoobd; 
BaranHriOHt cHJibao npncipacTHJica kT) aioiviy BBuy cnopia n 
npHBflsajCfl Kt Jiopjiy Tojiacy, KOTopufl ct cBoefi cTopoHU noJiro- 
Ohjix aHepniiHaro KHomy; jipyjKoa MejKjiy ehmq npoAO.iacajiacb 
OKOJO ;i,BaAn,aTn Jitr-h. 

jKejiaa. nsSpaib cedl^ nocTOflHHoe MtcTO HcaiejibCTBa y no^HO- 
acia AjuieraHCKHXi. ropij. Jiop;);!! Tojiacb ptrnHJit pasMeaceBaib 
CBOH BJiaatHifl btj 3T0H MtcTHocTH H HOJioaciiTb KOHen.'b pacxHine- 
HiHM'b, KOTopua npoHSBOAOHCb BT) ero aeMJiflXT) pasHbiMT) npa- 
mjHMT. jhohomt.. .lopji;!) ToMacb BHAtjiT. seMJieM'fepHbia paSoibi 
BaranHiTOHa bt, oKpecTHOciax'b Moyni'b-BepHOHa h, SHaa xa- 
paKTepi), (|)03HqecKyK) CHJiy, JioBKOCTb OTBary CBoero MOJioaoro 
;i,pyra, ptmaji'b hmghho eMy nopyqnTb pasMeaveBanie cbohxT) se- 
Mejb, qio npeji,CTaBJiflJio ne Maibia Tpyji,HocTH bt> jiekok cTpant 
CT) ea ;i,nKnMn oSniaTejiaMH. BauiHHrTOHT) ch pajiocibio npHHajii. 
npeAJroHceHie Jiopaa ToMaca pasMeaceBaib ero 3eMjm sa AeneacHoe 
B03HarpaiKj];eHie, h ni> cepeAHHt aiapia 1748 ro^a BMicxt cbFeop- 
roM'b $9p(|)aKcoivn> oxnpaBUJica bt. Ji-fecHua ^eSpn AwepHKH. 

MojioAwe JiiojtH notxajiH BepxoMi. btj coapoBOiKAeHiti atcKO^b- 
KHX'b cjiyn,. nepeBajHB'b nepesTb Fojiyobia ropa, ohh oqyTHJincb 
B'b HCHBOimcHofi jtojiHH'b IIIeHaHi^oa, Ha 3ana3,t KOxopoS pacno- 
jiojKeHbi AMeraHU. jI,0JiHHa 3Ta oporaajiacb MHoroBOAHoli ptKoR 
ineaaajtoa (aoqepbio 3B'fe3;i'b); npnpoj];a KpyroMi) 6biJia oqapoBa 
Tejbaaa. Ha ropaxi) erne Jieacajn. CHir'b, ho 6e3iHCJieHHue no- 
TOKH HnSBoprajincb cb myaioM'b ch blicot^, h B'b j.ojinH'fe yace 
i],ap0ia BecHa. BainnHrxoH'b sanBCWBajri, Bct cboii BaeqaTJitnia 11 
Ha6jiK);i,eHia B'b ji,HeBH0K'b: ho noBiijieMOMy ero BHiepecoBajia He- 
CTOJibKO npnpoAa, ckojibko it MaTepbflJibHbia Bbirojtbi, Koxopbia 
MoacHoSbiJio nsBJieqb ns'b ea pa3yMH0H aKcnjiyaxau,i0. Bx) jineBHHK'fe 
no KpaHHea M'fep'Ii KOMMepqecKaaxoqKa:sptHia ripeoOJiaAaexx- Ha/t-b 
noaxflqecKOH. rXpaB^a, BamnHrxoHX) yno&iHHaex'b n Kpacoxt 
ji-fecoBT), rop-b p'liK'b, BOCX0maexcaBtKOBbiMHji;epeBbaMn, pomaMH 
caxapnaro xpocxH0Ka, — ho Jiaiub mhmoxojiomxj, Ero 6oJibrae HHxepe- 
cyioxx. icaqecxBa iioqBbi, opomeHie, ooBepxHocxb h pacnojioateeie 
3eMejibHbixx> yqacxKOB'b KaK-b hcxohhuS npaKXBqecidfi A'fe-'ieiiXi, 
BaiiiHHrxoH'b Bcen,'fe:io ymejix, B'b nopyqenabiH eMy xpy/i.'b, ycep^HO 
coHMajiX) njiaHbi cx> seMejib, leacamnxx. npn cjiiaHiu IIIeHaHjioa ex, 
lloxoMaKOMX), a 3axtMX> no jtBOMy 6epery IIoxoMaKa. S^tcb npn- 
xoji,0jiocb ejiy cxajiK0Baxbca ctj ntMeiiKinm aMnrpaexaMa, o5pa6a- 
xbiBaBiniiMH qacxb HSMtpaeMbixxj HM^seMejib, a 3ax'bMx> cx> KpacHo- 



rEOPn. BAfflHHrTOH^. 15 



KoacHMH; eMy yAajocb BiiA'feTb BoeeHyio njiacKy HHniHueBT, BOKpyr-B 
E':'CTpa no^-L 3ByKH MysbiKH, npoHSBO/lHMOH nycTOH TUKBOH, na- 
noJtHeHHofi ApoSbK), n yjiapaMH b^ KOTejn>, na no;to6ie dapaOana 
cnTflHyTufi ojieHbeft Koaceii. Bnocj'fe;iCTBi0 BamnHrxoHT. otjuhiho 
aay'iHJi'b HpaBH HHAtrmeB-L n nayqujica Becin ch homh jitm. 

TaKT) npoacHJiT, BainHHnoHTj okojio ii-fecHi^a, npoBOna ^hh h 
Eoqn noAt oiKpuTbun, eeSoMT) ii ycepAHO sanaMaacb qepTeacasiH 
H HSMtpeeiflMR. Otti Aomm ont cnacajicfl BiiicTt co cboumh 
cayTHHKaMR rtj majiaiii'b, coopyHGHHOMb 031. ji.peBecHHX'b BtiBen. 
a PT. xopomyio norojiy HoqeBa;n> na Mej;B'fejKbefi mKypi ojih Ba 
ox. QKi cojioMM oKo.io Kocipa. BauTHBrTOH-b KaK^ nejibSfl Jiyqme 

yMtJIT, npHMliHflTbCfl KO BCflKOfl JKH3HH, ;i,OBOJIbCTByflCb BT. CJiyqat 

HyHcuLi caMHMT. MajibiM'b, Hep-bjiKO JinqHO noAacapaBaR ceSt ,i;Hqb 
Ha caMOj^ijibHOMi Bepxejii Eaxojifl bi. uojio6eo& 3K03hh ne Majio 
npejiecTH. HaKOHeo;!) 12-ro anptjia BafflOHrTOHi. Bepnyjica b-b 
MoyHTi>-BepHOH'b, npeKpacno ocnoJiHHS'b BosjioacenHoe sa nero 
nopyqenie, kt> BejiaKOiiy yaoBOJibCTBiio jop;ia ToMaca, KOTopbiS 
me.jpo BO3Harpaji;0Ji'b MOJiojtoro BeMJiewtpa. 

BcKopt nocjit 3Toro BamHHrxoHT. HasnaqeH^ 6bui> o6iii,e- 
CTBfHHHMi, 3eMJieM'fepoM'b rpa(|)CXBa ^ap^aKCb, 11 Sojite xpext Jitxx> 
FCD 'JiHflji'b 3Ty o6a3aHHOcxb cb CBofrcxBeHHHM'b eMy ycepAieM-b e 
AoOpocoBtcxHOcxbH), npoBo^tfl iitjiue sitcai^bi btj rjiyoHai jitcoBX^ 
E ocHOBaxejibHO 3HaK0MHCb Ch xapaKxepoM'b cxpasH ea acnxejiei. 
IIepIiji;Ko npoBOA0Jn> ohx. no stcKOJibKy jiHefi y Jiopiia ToMaca. 
uocenHBinaroca HaBcer^a bt> rjiyiU0, K-b 3anaji,y oxi) Fojiyobixi. 
rop'b, bX) HMtHiH rp0HBe0-KypxX). CK);i,a cxeKajiocb smoHcecxBO 
BcaKaro napoAa, xaKX) KaKi. cxaptifi Jop;ix> 6biJix> qpesBbiqanHO 
rocTenpinMeHX> ko Bcian., He ncoroqaa ahkhxX) 0HA'fein,eBT> b 
rpy6Hxx> kojiohhcxobx.. JIopji,x> TojiacX) npnBe3x> ex. co6ok) n3X) 
AnrjiiH MHOro KHHrx>, h, Korji,a 6biJio bosmojkho, BamnHrxoHX. cx> 
EacJiaac;ieHieMX) npej;aBajica qxeHiio. TaKHMXj o6pa30Mx> ohxj cicho- 
RaxeJibHO n3yqHJix> ucxopiio AnrjiiB n BooSine 3Haq0Te.ibHO pacffl0- 
pajixi cBofi yMcxBeHHbiH ropiisoHx^. 

TaKX. npoxeKJiH WHbie rojibi BamimrxoHa. jKH3Hb bx> ;i'£b- 
CTBeeHbixX) Jitcaxx^ saKa.iiiJia ero, c;i,taajia onbixate; 6paxX) ero 
.'lopencX) H jiopjx. ToMacxj bX) 3HaqHxejibHofi cxeneHH cnocoocxBO- 
BaJiiT ero yMcxBenHOMy pasBHxiio. Eme ne ji,ocxHrHyBX) 2O-X0 Ji'fexx>, 
BaiiiaerxoHX) 6brjix> BnoJiHt noAroxoBJieHX> kX) xoMy, qxoobi Bsaxb 
B.a Cri6a oxBtxcxBeHHoe o6mecxBeHHoe jxhjio. TaKoe ]xh.w CKopo 
i:peACxaB0Jiocb n BujiBiiay.xo BainHHrxona Ha apeny ncxopie. 



16 a{H3HI> SAM^qATEJIbHHX'L JIDJIEt. 

r JI A B A II. 

BoMHa Cb ())paHL^y3aMii m HaMavio BoeHHoii A'^^TejibHOCTM BaiunHrTOHa 

npiiiHHti BofiHH Me:Kji,y AHrjiiefr ii <l>paHitieH.— IIpiiroTOBjeHie Ba 
uiHerxoBa K't Boenuofi cjiy/Kfil;. — JIo-fesjiKa bi BecT"D-HHAiio ii CMepx 
.lopenca.— IIocojibCTBO BaiiiiiHrroHa ji,jia neperoBopoBt ct (|)paHuy 
saMii.— HanaJio BoeHnBixT) AbncTBiil.— Kaui[Tywian,iH (Jtopxa Hen,eccuTH.- 
KaiiiiaHiH reHepajraBpajwoKa.— BamiiHrTOHy nopyiaexca KoiiaHAOBaHi 
BupniHCKofr MiLTHUieu. BuxicueHie (j|)paHu,y30Bx ii3X.BiipriiHiH.— jKe 
HiiTBda BaiunHnoHa.— BuxicHeaie (jipanayaoBi iisij KanaaH.— Cj'fcji 
CTBifl BofmH jiJiH AwepiiKii. 

Me}KAy BJiajtiHiflMH {|)paHn,y30B'L h anrjiiiqaHTj btj AMepHKl 
rpaHHii,H He ohjih to'iho ycTanoBJieHH, a noTOJiy neptAKO boshh 
KajiH pacnpn Meacjiy o6ohmh eapo/i,aMH, jioKasHBaBiUHMH APyt" 
Apyry cbod npaBa na o6jia3;aHie pocKomHUMt 6acceHH0MT> p. Mac 
CHCCHnH. OcoSeHHo jiaKOMWM'L KycKOMi. KaKt anrjiHqaHaMTj, laK-Jb 
H (|)paHii,y3aM'L KasajiHCb sesiJiH no p Orio, noKpuxbia 6oraTOB) 
AiBCTBeHHOK) pacTiixejibHocTbK) n flBiiBffliflcfl a6jiOKOMTj paajop. 
Meacjy 060HMH HapojiaMH. 

TaKt KaKT> seMJin nn p. Orio Ohjih naceJieHLi BOHHCTBeHHUMi 
HHU'fefliiaMH, TO (|)paHiiy3bi CT. CBoeil cTopoHbi, a aHrjinqane c: 
CBoeft — BCflqecKH cxapajiiicb npnsjieqb K'b ceCi KpacHOKoacHX'b. B: 
iiojiOBHHt XYIII CTOJi'feTiH Aflrjiin yj^ajiocb 3aoK)q0Tb 001031. co 
MHoroMH iiHU'fericKHMH njiGMeHaMH; (|)paHi],y3bi JKG, cqaxaa seMJiF 
no Orio CBoeio co6cTBeHHOCTbK), ciajie 3a6npaTb bt, ujiI^ri, anrjiifi 

CKHX'b TOprOBH.eB'b, nOflBJIflBinHXCJI BT. 9T0H MtCTHOCTfl. J^tjIO UDT. 

HHiia-io cepbesHHE oSopoT-b, h, npeABHjia cKopyio BOHHy, oot 
poHU Haqajia jyhaiejihno roTOBHibca K'b neii. 

BiiprDHia 6biJia nepeoio anrjiiiicKOK) KOJioHieio, Tj[t npnSyjtL.; 
BoeHHbiii AyxT.. Ona pas^tjinjiacb na BoeHHue oKpyra, bo rj;< 
KOTopHX'b CToajin MaiopbT, 3aB'feAbiBaBmie naSopoM'b 11 ooyqee^;- 
cojiAai-b. Ha aiy j^o.iaceocTb 6uji^ npHSBaHX., no peK0MeHji,au 
cBoero Spaia .lopenca, iohwh Feopr-b BamnHrTOHi., yjKeycnti -. 
CHHCKaib cedt ooniee AOBhpie h yBaacoHie. 

MoJIo;^oH BameHrTOHi. Sbun. bi, BOCTopr'fe ott. aioro nasp 
qenia n, no CBoeMy oSbiKHOBeHiiu, MeiOAHqHO h lepn'fejiHBO era;. 
roTOBHTbCfl K'b HOBOMy ji,i>JiY- MoyHT'b-BepHOH'b, Tji^'i, eme neAaBii 
OH'b H3JinBaji'b btj CTHxax'b CBOH jiioooBHbia CTpaji;aHia, lei!' 
npeBpainjica jiJia aero B'b BoeHnyio mKOJiy. OH'b ycepAHO 3 :; 
Manca BoeHHoft TaKTHKofr, cxpaierieH, o6yqa;ica (j)exTOBaH' 



TEOPr'B BAinHHrXOHI.. 17 



ciptJibot, ynia-Tb BoeHHLin coinHenifl, sanHCbiBaa b-l ;i;HeBHHKT) 
Bct nopaJKaBiJiia ero Mucjin. Ho CKopo sanflxia 9th npamjiocb 
npepBaib, nxooLi conpoeO/KAaxb ji,aBHO yace XBopaBiiiaro qaxoxKOii 
opaxa .lopeHca na ocxpoBX. Bapoa^ocb (bx. BecTh-llHji\u), Kvjta 
nocw.ia.iii ero Bpaqn. llo axoMy cjyHaio Teopn, Bnepsbie coBep- 
miLix. oojibffloe nyxemecxBie no Mopio; cy;;a no ero 3anHCKaMx>, 
OHX> BupoqeMX) He cxojbKo nHxepecoBajica Kpacoxoio MopcKHXx. 
iieSsaacen, ckojibko HanpaBJieaieM-b BtxpoB-b, onMaxaqecKHMH 
ycJioBiaMQ n x. a Eji,Ba npifexaBX) bx. Bap6a;],ocX), Feoprx. 3a6o.i'fejix> 
ocnon, ottj Koxopon onpaBHica, xdjibko 6jiaroji;apa yxojty ntJEHO 
xiooHBraaro ero opaxa; ho cjit^u ocnu HaBcer,a,a ocxajiHCB na ero 
.iun,t. TponuqecKaa upHpo^a Becxx>-IIeai0 nponsBejia na nero 
CHJibHoe Bneqaxjitnie; Bsitcxt cx> xIimX) ohx. ne ynycKajiX) cjiyqaa 
n3CJit;i;oBaxb no'iey, Ha^ro^axb npaBbi jKoxejiefi, oomecxBeHHua 
yqpeaJAeBia oxoxho nocfen^a.iXj xeaxpx., — yjioBOJibcxBie, ao xtxx. 
nopx. HeBt.iOMoe jjia Hero. 

OAHaKO npeobiBaHie na Bapoa^oct ne BoscxanoBMO chjix> JIo- 
peHca; kt> xoiiy ace ohx. xaKX. xocKOBaJix. no ceMbt, qxo Teoprx. 
no npocbO'fe 6paxa oxnpaBHjica sa ero KeHOio h pe6eHK0Mx>, Haut- 
penaacb npHBeaxn nxx> bt, Becxx>-IlHAiK). Feopry npnuiJiocb txaxL 
B-b MoyHTX>-BepHOHX) ansioio, Kor^a, BCit^cxBie qacxbixx> 6ypb, 
MopcKoe nJiaBaHie Me^xeHHO noABnrajiocb BnepoAt; Kopaojib, na 
KoxopoMX) OHX> njibiJix>, qyxb-obLio ne noxepnijiX) Kpymenia, qeMT> 
noApo6HO roBopnxca bx. AHeBHHKt,. Bxj oxcyxcxeie Feopra JIopeHCi 
cxajix> enie CH.ibnte xocKOBaxb no ceoeii poAHofl BaprnHin, h pan- 
HeK) BecHoii oxnpaeuxca caji'b bx> MoyHxx.-BepHOHX. /l,opora xaKX> 
ii3HypHJia ero, qxo, e^Ba ycn'bB^ AoCpaxbca ao AOMy, ohx. ckoh- 
qajica bx. Kpyry CBoeu ceiibn, 34-xX) Jilixx. oxx> po^y- 9to Ohjio 
ooJibUiHiMX. ropeMT. jiJia. Feopra, xaKX. KaKx. ohx. bx. Jiawh JTopenca 
noxepajiT. Jiyqmaro Apyra, Bno.iH'fe aaMtHHBmaro eMy oxna. Hiii- 
Hie MoyHxx.-BepHOHX>, corjiacno oxn,OBCKOMy saB'feniaHiio, ex. c.iyqat 
c.Mepxn Jopenca, aojihcho oujio Aocxaxbca Feopry, Koxopbifi CKopo 
H Bcxynnjix. bx. ynpaB.iieHie sxhmx. ooraepHbiMX. noMtcxbeMX.. 
MoyHxx.-BepHOHX. na bck) /IxHshb ocxajica jhoohmumx. M'bcxonpeobi- 
BaHiejiT. F'.amnHrxoHa, rut ohx. naxoAHJix. noKOfi n ox^uxi. oxx. 
xpyAOBX. u xpeBorx. oouiecxBeHHoH JKH3Hn. 

MejKay xtxix. oxHomenia ^pannysoex. n anrjinqaHX. npo^oji- 
HiajiH oSocxpaibca. 4>paHny3bi cxpoHJin Kp-fenocxn, CHapaacajiH 
(|>.ioxXj u xtcHHjn KOJiOHncxoBX.-aHrjmqaHX); HaK0Hen,X), BHprnH- 
cidii ryoepnaxopx, X^EBEji,Jia ptmnjix. CAt.iaxb no siOMy noBO^y 

rEOlTT) BAUIIIHrTOHT.. 2 



18 }KH3Ht 3AM'BqATEJILHWXT> JIIOaEri. 

npejtcTaBJieHia KOMeH^aHTy rjiaBHofi (|)paHi];y3CK0il KptnocTH na 
p. ^peH^'L-KpnK'b. Kpoxi'fe neperoBopoBi) ct> (|)paHi;y3aM0, Heo6xo- 
HHMO 6lijio eme CHaoAHXb coPosHwx'b iiHAtnn,eBT) opyjKieMt h npa- 
BJieib KaKTi MoacHO oojibiiie KpacHOKOHJHXt Ha CTopoHy aHTJinnaHT); 
AJia BwnoJiHeem axon wncciu, HyaceHt oli.tb cM-fejiufi. nposniia- 
lejibHUH qejiOB'bKT), — h Bbioop'b ryoepHaiopa najix. Ha BarnHHrroHa, 
nocji-fe CMepxii Spaxa CHOBa saHflBuiaro nocx-b naiopa. 

' IIoBAHefi oceHbK) 1753 r. BauiHHrxoHi. ct HtcKO.ibKiiMn cnyx- 
HiiKaiin HanpaBH.icfl kt^ 03epy 9pM, o-ihstj Koxoparo Haxoji,iiJiacb 
r.iaBHaa KBapxupa (|)paHii,y30B'b; ojiim'h n3T> xoeapiiniea BamaHr- 
xoHa, JI,3KHCX'b, yji'Li'L pasroBapiiBaxb c^b iiH;i,tQn:aMn. /I,oporn a uo- 
ro^a obiJiii oxBpaxHxejibHbi, n nyxemecxBie npo;i;ojiHiajiocb 6ojibme 

MtCfllia no nyCXblHHblM'b MtcXHOCXHM'b, HaceJieHHbLM'L JIIIKapflMU. 

Bo Bpejifl axoro nyxemecxBia BauiHerxoHX. c'byM'feji'b npiiB.ie'ib Ha 
cBOio cxopoHy HbcKOJibKo HHji.'feScKHX'b njieiieHX. H MHoroepa3y3Haxb 
CQ.it ({ipaniiyscKaro BoncKa n ooX) ycxpoficxB-fe (j^paBuyscKnxx, 
yKptnjiefliS. MeJKii,y npoiBM-b ohtj ysHajii), qxo (|)paHa.y3bi yace 
BecHOK) coSnpaioxcH Ha^axb BOHHy, pa3cqnxHBaa obicxpoxoio 
CBOHX'b A-feficxBiii B3flXb nepeBtcX) Ha;i;T> oo.ite MHoro^HCJieHEbmn, 
HO Sojite MeAJiixejibHw.Mii anrjiHqaHaMH. npiiSuB-b na Mtcxo cbo- 
ero Ha3HaqeHifl. BamnHrxoHX. nepeAajii) KOiieHAanxy ijipaHuyscKofl 
KpinocxH HHCbMa AOKyiiBHXbi, BpyqeHHue esiy ry6epHaxopoMX>. 
ry6epHaxopT> b-b cBoeMX> iiHCbMi KaxeropnqecKH saaB-iJuix., qio 
3eMJin Ha Orio npuHaAJieataxT) anrjiifiCKon KopoHt, n xpeooBajiX) 
nepeMtebi o6pa3aAiRcxBiii (})paHn,y30BT> oxHOCHxeJibHO aHrjiaqaHT.. 
IIoKa (|)paHn,y3bi coB'fema.incb oxHocaxejibHO oxBtxa, BanjHHiTOHX. 
ocMoxp'fein. KptnocTb a aaJKe ycntji'L naopocaxb ea njanX). 

IlojiyiiHBX) oxBtxT. KOMBHAaHxa, H — Ha^o CKasaxb — oxBtx^ 
BecbMa yKJioHqHBaro xapaKxepa, BarnHHrxoHX. oxnpaBHJica bx, 
o6paxHHH iiyxb. Cxoajix> AeKa6pb. PtKa 6biJia sanpyKOHa njiasy- 
qHMU JibAaMR, xaKX. qxo ojibixb na jroAKaxT) obwo noqxH HeB03M0JK- 
Ho; npoSripaxbca cyx0MX> nyxeMX> 6biJio ae Jierqe HSt-sa Maccu bm- 
naBHiaro CH-tra. HaK0Heii,x., BauiHHrxoHX>, xoponiiBiuinca HasanX), 
npnflyjKAeHTj Ohjix. noKHHyxb cbohxx, cnyxHUKOBX, h CBonxx> .loma- 
Aen oxnpaBHXbca ntuiKOMT. BABoeMx> cxj J^acncxoMT), oxbicKHBaa 
Aopory CKB03b Jitca no KOMnacy, h na KaJKAOMX, mary Bcxpfeqaa 
HOBbia aaxpyAHenia n onacHocxo. HeycxpamuMbie nyxemecxBeH- 
H0KH He naAajiH oAnaKO AyxoMX>, xoxa ne pas^ cdnBajiHCbCb nyxn, 
BbioHBajiHCb nsX) ciunj, HoqeBajiH na CHtry h ne npeABHAt-iH 
KOHita cBOHM'b CKHxaniaMX); Kb xoMy jkb ohh 3Hajin, qxo maiiKn 



FEOPrt BAimmrTOHt. 19 

nH;i,'fefm,eBT5, jipyHcecTBeHHbixT> ({)paHii,y3aMi,, cjiij^nTh 3a hiimu. 
OAnHT> nHj-feer^-b, BsaBuiinca noKasaib hmT) Aopory, aaBejiij hxt. 
fla.!ieKO BT. CTopoHy II ji^aTue cipfejiflJi'BB'b BauiMHrTOHa — k-l cqacTbio 
He iionaBT> btj Hero. CoBepuiCHHO pasoniwe, ct xpyAOMt oxAkiae- 
uiHCB 0TT> onacHaro iiHXbSna, Ao6paji[icb ohii ao p. AoeraHu. 
PtKa aia oiHaKO ne saiiepsjia, KaKii onn 0JKHia.iin; tojibko oepera 
QOKpH,Jincb jieAflHon Kopoii, a no cepejinnt pliKU cb HeyAep^KciMOio 
ciMOH) Heccfl n-iaByqifi .lexh. MejKjiy TtMt nepeSpaiLCfl na jipy- 
roit oeper-L 6ujio Heo6xo;i0MO. Koe-EaKi. coopyAUBi. ii.ioti. npii 
aojioiuii caHoro tojbko lonopa, iiyTHnKn cnycTii.iii ero na BOjy; 
HO njioT-b nouec.io bhhs'b no Te'ieHiio, He CMOipa naoiqaaHHoe co- 
opoTHBJieHie BamnHrTOHa, ynapaBuiaroca niecT0MT> bij aho pfeKH. 
Bjpyri. mecTTj yji,apii.iacb orpoiinaa r.ihioa JiB;i,a, BamnHriOHii 
noTepajiTj paBHOBtcie n nojieTkii. Bt Bo;i,y. BuHLipnyBT), ohI) 
cxBaiBJCfl 3a Kpafi luoia d TaKHiii, oopaaoiii) cnacca. IIpHiu.iocb 
iipucTaib K'b ocipoBKy Ha cepcAHHt ptKii u sjfecb HoqesaTb. Xo- 
Jioxh obuni cxpaiuHbiil; jl;micTh HO'ibio oiMoposii.Tb ceot pyKH u 
Horn, H Moaceo ceot npej;cTaBnTb, uto lyBCTBOBa.i'b BamoHrTOH'b no- 
oji'h jiejaHoii sanHH. Ki> yipy o^naKO Jie;^^ OKp-fen-b na CT0.ibK0, 
iTO uaxiyieHHwe nyieiuecTBenHnKn Sesi. ipy^a nepeopajiiicb na 
Jipyrofi oeperij. SaitM-b cnn npoAojiHca.iii CBoii nyib btj BnjiJbaMC- 
oypn.— peaiiAeHniK) ryoepHaiopa, Ky;i,anpu6biJin B^aaBap-fe 1754 r. 
BaiuHHTTOHTj Bpyin.n> ryoepnaiopy nucbMO KOneH^aHTa n /laj-b 

QOApOOHblii OT'iei-b O CBOefl MOCCin, BI. KOTOpOU OOHapyjKQJIHCb. 

Bbuaiouuaca BoeHHbia cnoco5HOCTn MOJioj^oro Maiopa, ycQiBniaro 
He To.ibKO BciynjiTb bi, jipyiKoy ct. iiHXbhuaMU, ho n nojipooHo 
pa3B-fe;iaTb no.ioJKenie nenpiaiejia n o6o3Ha'inTb Jitcia, nauoo.ite 
yAOOHbia ji^Jin nociponKii KptnocTen. BaprnHia axi'Lia no.iaoe ocho- 
Banie rcpjoTbca nMT> h Bos.iaraTb Ha Hero oo.ibuiia Ha^e'-KAbi. 

CBbAbaia, coopaHHbia BauiiiHrTOHOMi., acao noKaabiBajiH, 'ito 
HeooxoAHMo roTOBiiTbca K'b ooopoH-fe, D ryoepaaTop'b pacnopa- 
jlHJica, 'iToobi npn c.iiaHin pfeK-b Moaoaraa-ibi n AMeraau bu- 
CTpoena obua Kptnocxb ( na Orio). 

BT) 8T0 Bpeiia aHr.iiacKOiiy npaBnieJibCTBy ipy^HO obi.io j;0- 
OHTbca OTt KO.ioHin KaKflXT) 6bi to hu 6biJio KopiBb btj nojibsy 
icopoHbi, TaKTi KaKT., Ha M-fecTO aHrjiificKaro naTpioxaaua, Haia.Tb 
libicTyaaib naTpioTQSii'b KOJOHia.ibHbirt, u onnosunioaHbin pecnyo- 
juKaacKin jiyxii ;i,ocTnn, yace yrpo'/Kaioiunx-b pasiitpoB^b. CTjOcib- 
lUHM'b TpyAOMX aaonpajincb no.iKn; BamnHriony, cALiaaaoMy 
iioAno.iKOBHnKOMT>, upcxo;i,n;iocb BepooBaib cojiAaTT) n3^ BcaKaro 



20 mmnh SAMii'iATE.ii.HMX'b .hoieS. 

c6po;ia oesnpiioTHLiXT. .iioAefi: ({lepjiepti yKe OTKastjea.iucb iutd Ha 
BouHy BCJ'feji.cTBie Hii'iTOffiHaro jKajoBaHba. TojibKO ootruaeie ry- 
uepnaTopa pa3;;tJinTi> 200,000 aKpoBi. sesiJiH no Orio Me}Kjy yqa- 
CTHDKajin BoiiHLi nocjit ea oKOH^aHia nooynnjio mo.ioawxt> ^ep- 
iiepoBT, oxoTHte saniicuBaTLca bi. peKpyiLi. 

HaKOHeu^, bt. anp-fe.Tfe irtcaut BamaHrioHi), ycepjHO sana- 
MaBmlilcR o6y'ieHieMT> HOBOopaniieBii, Mon> BbiCTynnib bt^ noxoAt 
bo rjiaet TpexT> He;iypHo C({)opjiiipoBaHeLix'b OTpajOB'b. Ont no- 
.lyqu.TL npeanHcanie coxpawflTb ooopoeiiTejbHoe ncao}KeHie; ho, 
ysHaB^, 'iTO (|)paHuy3bi saB.iaAtjiii nejiocTpoeeHOK) aHoincKoii 
KptnocTbK) (Ha Orio), nasBas-b ee (j)opTOM'b iI,ioKeHOM'b, BauiuHr- 
TOHT. p'femiiJi'b aixaKOBaTb Henpiflie.ia Bos^'b, ri^t 9to OKaHceica 

B03M0}KHblM'b. 

nocrfe MHoniX'b Tpy;;HbixT. iiepexojOB'b no MtcTHOcxn, r^t 
mar'b aa rnaroMt npnxoAn.iocb npojiaraib jiopory ji;.ifl nepeBOSKii 
TflJKejiaro opyjKia, BauiHHrToe'b ^oaiejiT. ^o m'I.cthoctii, iiaBtcxHoa 
noAt HasBaHicM'b Bo.ibmux-b JlyroBi.. Cyjia no nacbMaMi. BauiHHr- 
Tona, OHL SbiJiT. BT> aio BpoMa hojoht. OTeani n Boo^yuieBJiPflia, ii 
obiJiTj roTOBi. «Aaa:e oeai) BosnarpajKjieHiH cjiyyKHTb KopojiK) ii oie- 
qecTBy». 9to SesKopbicTie HaBcer;i,a ocTa.iocb OT.iH'iiiTe.ibHOK) qep- 
TOK) BamuHrioHa. xoia BnocJitjiCTBin ohtd noHa.iTj, qio cjiyjKOa 
oieiecTBy 6biBaeTT> imorjia. BajKH'fee cjiyacow Kopojuo. 

BT) Konn.'b Maa cofosHue nHj^tnmii vBt/ioMUJin P)auinHrTOHa, 
iiTO BOKpyrij Hero yace HtcKOJibKO jmeu opojioT'b OTpaAi- (t)paHn,y- 
30BT>. BaaBTi CB codoK) JiHUib 40 nejioBtKt, BaiunHrxoH'b bi> ly- 
Hce HO'ib oinpaBHJica no TeMHOMy, jipejiyqejiy Jit,cy btj to m^cto, 
KOTopoe yKaabieajin esiy HHAtfin,bi. BcKop'I> nocjit Bocxo;ia coJHn,a, 
OHT) HaGpeji^ Ha oipaxh (jipaHuysoBX. cocToaBiuin Hst 30 'lejio- 
BtKi,: OHH sact.in b^ rjiyOoKOMT> OBpart, h BamimrTOH'b, ropa ne 
lepntHieMT, cpasnibca, nepBuii oMyiajica na Kpaio OBpara: yBE- 
A'feBT., qio (jipaHuysbi cxBaTn.iHCb sa opy/Kie, ohtj CKOMaHjtOBaji'b 
aiiaKy. <i)paHay3bi nuxaioTca ocTaHOBnib aHiMinaHi), Bbi^aBaa 
ce6a 3a napjiaMOHTepoBX): ho BaimiHriOBij noHiniaeT'b, 'ito uMteit 
A^jio CO mnioHaian, n eaqflHaeica Oopboa — nepaaa cibiMKa Ba- 
uinHrTOHa ch HenpiaiejeMi.. Aerjinqaae yoiiJin naqa-ibHiiKa (|)paH- 
nyscKaro oipfl/ia, /liioMOHBn.i.ifl, n Ascaiepbixi. (|)paHny30Bi, 
uciajibHbix'L saupajB bi, h.iI.h'l. BaiunerTOHT, laK'b pasrupfl^nuca 
BO BpoMa oopbobi, qio ctohjii btj casiOMTj jKapicoin. orH-fe, He 3a- 
Mtqaa oioro, n cnacca KannM-b-To qyAOMT>. 

Dxa cTbiqKa ouja cnrna.ioM'B kt, ceMi3.TkTHen BOHH'li MoacAy $paH- 



rEOPrij BAUlDHrTOHt. 21 



uiefi n Be.iin:o6piiTaHieH, TaKi) KaKT. b^ aio BpeMa eoiiHa ne 
Cujia eme ooTjflBJieea, to KajKjioe nsi) npaBuiejibCTBt oGbhbhjio 
.apyroe Bt HapymeHin iMHpa. <I)paHii,y3H nasHBajin IkiUHHrioHa 
y6ifin,efi JliiOMOHBnjijifl; ho BamiierTOHi. j^OKasaJii., qio 10115^1) noji- 
Hoe ocHOBaHie cquiaTb JEioMOHBiiJiJifl sa mniona; aio no;i,TBep}KAa- 
.locb Me:K;;y npoquMT, Syjiarasin, HafiAenHUMQ npe jRiOMOHBHiiJi'b. 

Uoji'b KOMaHAoii BaumnrTOHa Hayojujiocb bi> 8to Bpejia 400 
'le-ioBtKi., II CL ux'L noMombK) oHi. coopyAH.n'B H-feiiTO BpoAt yKptn- 
.lenifl Ha Mtcit, rjli ctoh.tb ero jiarepb. TaK-b BoannK-b (jDopxi. 
HeneccuTu, KOTopbiu btj Haqajii iiojih dbLii. axTaKOBaH'b 1,500 (ftpaa- 
uysoBi.. He CMOipa Ha Bcfe CTapania BaniflHriOHa ii na Jinqnoe 
yqacxie ero bT) pa^oiaxi, (Jjopii. yKp'fenjieH'b Su.i'b njioxo, n an- 
r.iHqaHaM-b npuiujiocb cor.iiaciiTi>ca na npeji,JiaraeMwa (|)paH[].y3aMii 
ycjiOBia KannTyjiaii,iH. yc.ioBia am saoioqajiHCb btj tomt., qio 
nTpa;iy BamnarTOHa pasptmajiocb OTCTynaxb, oSflsaBuiacb Bxe- 
»ieHie rojia ne A'fe.iaxb HanaAenin na t|)paHity30BTj. 

He CMOxpa na HeyAaqHbin iicxoatj 3KcneAnn,in, BHpnmcKoe aa- 
KOHOjaxejibHoe coopaHie BapasiiJio BamnarxoHy 6jiaroji,apHOCXb sa 
ycjiyrn, OKasaHHbia oxenecxBy. BcKopt o^HaKo, ocKop6jieHHbin 
T'feji'b, qxo ryoepHaxopX) ptmnji^ yHnqiojKBXb Bit BnpniHCKoit 
apMia 'inHX> Bume Kaniixana, BamuHrxoH'b, AopoHtHBiuiu cbohm'b 
qiiHOin, noAnojjKOBHHKa, jtapoeanHbiMi. eMy no mejianiio Hapo^a, 
Bbiine.i'b BX) oTcxaBKy n oxapaeajica bx. MoyHXx>-BepHOHXj. TaMX, 
OHT> CX) HexepntHiexix. ojKHAa-^t bosmohchocxh Bcxyniixb bxj apMiio, ne 
xepaa CBoero AOCxonHCXBa, 9xo ero JKejiaHie cKopo Hcnojienjiocb. 

Bi> Haqa.xb BecHti 1755 r. Anrjiia HaKOHen,X) npHHajia yqa- 
cxie Bx> BOHHt CBOHxx> KOJiOHHCxoBX) Cb (|ipaHii,y3aMii. Bi> BiqwuEm 
[ipiicjiaHO 6ujio ABa peryjiapnbixxi nojiKa noji,x> HaqajibcxBOMX) re- 
Hepajia BpsAAOKa, Koxopbifi ptmii.i^ oxnaxb y (J)paeHy30BX. Kpt- 
iiocxb /I,K)KeHX,. Bpa^iioKX. 6hjiX) xpadpwii bohhX), xopomo 3HaK0- 

MUH Cb B0eHEbIMX> A't.X0MX>, KaKX. OHO OblJIO IIOCXaBJieHO BX, EBpo- 

iit; HO ohxj He SHajix, hh cxpaHH, Ky^a aBiiJica, hh npieaiOBX, boS- 
Hbi, 3aHMCXB0BaHHbixx> DJiaHxaxopaMu y nHAtfmeBX.. IlpiiuiJiocb 
ijpHBjieqb Kx> A'fe.iy o(|)Hii,epoBx> n3x> aKepaKaHHeBX,, Jiyqme nocBa- 
meHHbixx> BX> MtcxHbia ycjioBia; MencAy npoquMX., Hac.ibimaBmucb 
o6x. onbixHocTH BauiHHrxoHa, Bp3Aii,0KX> cxapajica h ero npaxa- 
Hyxb BX. cBoe bohcko. BamimrxoHX, ex, pa^ocxbio corjiacujica, pas- 
cqiiTHBaa 6biTb nojiesHbiMX. anrjiiiiCKOMy renepajiy, ii nocxynajix, 
LX> CTO mxaOx. bx> KaqecxBt BOJioHxepa; BCKopt o^HaKO ohx> na- 
3HaqeHX. obijix. anxjioxaHTOJix. Bpa^AOKa, Ho Bpa^AOKX., KaKx> py- 



22 :Kn3HB SAMt'IATE.IBHLIX'b .lIOIEli. 



THHep^, HHKaKT> HG MOr^ OCBOflTLCH C^ HOBLIMH yCIOBiaMU, Bl. 

KOTopbixT) npnxoAiiJioci. CopoTi.ca; rhsi'b ne Jiente ohi> Heptuiaji- 
C3 cjitAOBaii. coBtiaMi. cBoero Mo.ioAoro aA^ioiaHTa ii c^ He^o- 
BtpieMi. OTHOCii.icfl KTi njiaHaMT^ BauinHriOHa, KasaBiucMCH ejiy 
HenpHJiOMiOMbLAin k-l jyhjij. He CMOipa Ha npocbOw n B03paiKeHifl 
BauinHriOHa, BpajwoKi. HenpejitHHO xorLii) no;i4UHiiTL BiiprnH- 
cKiixi. CTp'kiKOBTj eBponeiicKoii ;i,uci],nii.inH'b: BbicoKOMtpno otho- 
CHQj) Ki) j];nKnMT> piH;i,ifmaMi., oht> ne aiejiaj^ ^aK.iionaTi.. coiosob'l 
ci> DHA'tncKHMC njiejieHaiMii ii no.iLSOBaTBCii ycjiyraiiH nnjitn- 

CKHX'b paSB'tA'JHKOB't: II BMtCTO TOFO, iIT06lI, HB lepflH BpeMGHU, 

jlBHraTBCfl Bnepej],T> n nanacTb na Henpiaiejifl, noKa cii.ibi ero erne 
oujia paactaHbi, anrjiiiicKiii renepajn, xoTtJiT) coBepniiiTb noxo^'b 
DO BC'tMi. iipaBnjiaMi. BoeHHaro iiCKycciBa, laKi, nio Ha KaiKjOM^ 
mary npnxoAiiJiocb ociaHaBjiiiBaTbCH cpe^n ^peMyiinxi, jiicoBx, 
jiHuieflHbixt BCflKHXi. iiyieil cooomeHin. Oopas'L jitfi- 
CTBiii renepajia npnBOAHJn> BauiiiHrTOHa b^ OT'iaaHie; jiymeBHoe 
cocTOflHie ero eme yxyjimujiocb, Kor^a BApyri nocpeAii ancne- 
;iiin,iH OHT, onacHO saxBopaii't, xaK'b 'ito ero npiiiu.iocb lamHTb 
no Henpoxoji.HMbiM'b hgitii irkcTaMi bi. SKniiaat'fe. nt ohtj ^pe^a- 
Bajicfl caMKM'b 6e30Tpa;];HbiMT> JiucjiHM'b. AHrjin'iane Me^Kjiy TtM^ 
npHOjHJKa.iiicb ktj (|>opTy ^lOKeHy; bi, ji,eHb nepenpaBbi Mepes'b 
ptKy MoHOHras.iy BamiiHrTOHi,, eme oojibHofi, ctjn> BepxoMi. Ha 
.lomaAb II 3aHii;n> CBoe Mtcio phjiomT) cI) reHepa.i;iMT>. E^Ba 
ycn-fejiii cojiAaTbi Bp3iiji;oKa nepeopaibCH Ha APyrofi oeperi) ii B'b 
HanjiyqmeM'b nopnjiK'b Bcxynmb B'b Jitci,, KaK-b Bjipyn. na aBan- 
rapA'b CO BctxTj cxopoH'L nocbiiiajica rpaA'b ny.ib. llenpiaieab 
oji,HaKO 6biJi^ HeBHj^HM-b. CoJi^aTU npaiiiJin b^ 3aMtuiaTejbCTBo; 
OAHii BnprnHi],bi. npoBbiKuiie ktj noAuOHbiM'b HeoaxHAaHHOCTflM'b, 
coxpaeHJiH xjia;;HOKpoBie. He oopamaa BHiiMaHia na sanpenienie 
renepajia, ohii pascunajincb no Jitcy, ^toou na MaHep^ uHAtii- 
ueBi, cpaiKaiLCH, cnpaTaBuincb aa jiepeBba; peryjiapHbie OTpH^w 
ciajiii OTCiynaTb, n CKopo Hanajiacb laKaa nannKa, 'ito bcIj ycH- 
.lia Bp3,T,/i0Ka B03CTaH0BMTb nopajiOK'b 0Ka3biHajincb oesiiojiesHbiMH. 
Bie^eHie ipexT. ^acoBx. (jipaHuysLi n nH;;1.finbi, cnpaiaHnye 3a 
jepeBbHMn u B'b OBparaxx, odcTp'fejinBajin anrjiniiaBX, n3'L koto- 
pbixi. flOJOBiiua ocxajiacb na jrLcx'fe. FcHepa.i'b u .lyMmie ero 
0([iun,epbi 6biJiH. CMepxejibHo paneHbi. 

Bo BpcMfl diiXBbi BamnHrxoH'L, He c.MOxpa Ha cbok) (|i03n- 
qecKyw cjiaSocxb, npoaBii.ii, nayMnxcibnyio CMt-iocib n npncyx- 
cxBie Ayxa. Iloji.'b rpa;i,0M7. ny.iL, ohx, opoca.ica bo Bcfe cio- 



rEOPri BAUiHHrToe^. 



poHH, ciapaacB ocTasoBiiTB oirym.HX'b n oSoapHib iix'L cboumTj 
npiiMtpoji^; uoxh hhmt> yonio oujio ab* Jiomaj^H, ciopTyK-L ero 
OHJiT) npocTptjieH't Bi. H'fecKOJiLKHXT) M^CTaxT., HO caMT) OHt ocxajica 
HeepeAUMLiMi. Bet CTapaniH ero noAAep/Kaib MyvKecxBO aHmfl- 
CKHXi. coJAaTT> 6LiJin o;i,HaKO imeTHLi. BaxBa SbiJia oesBOSBpaiHO 
nponrpana. «Haci. nosopHO nooiijin, — nucajit BamimrxoHT,: — mbi 
iioGiiTH ropCTBK) (|ipaHn,y30BT:., KOTopBie BtpoaiHO xoT'knii tojibko 
noMimaib HameMV ;iB0MceHiK). il yo-feacAen^, ^tg ({ipaHuysoBi. 
6biJ0 He 6ojiBiiie 300 yejioB'feKij, Tor^a KaKi. name bohceo npo- 
CTHpaaocb AG 1,300 nejiOB-feKi). BnprHHi],bi npoaanjiH saMtqaiejib- 
HyK) xpaopGCTb n Bcb no^Tii norn6jiH, 6jiaro;],apH nosopnoMy no- 
BCAeHiio xairb nasHBaeMaro peryjiapnaro BoficKa»... 

Bi, caMGsn> 6e3Ha;^e2{H0MT> nacxpoeHin oxnpaBHJica Bamanr- 
xohtj bt> CBoe DMtHie, :iKe.iaa HaBcerjta 6pocHXb BGeHHyio ^taxejib- 
Hocxb. Hg oopasx. ;],tiJCXBiH Bpa^AOKa n ero cojiAax'b xojibKO yca- 
.xn.Tb nonyjiJipHOCXb n cjiasy BamnHrxona: bX) HeMX> oahgmx. bh- 
jfcjiii cnaceHie ero cGoxeqecxBeHHiiKn noc.it HeciacxHofi 6uxBbi 
Ha p. MoHOHrasjii. Haii6oji'fee nGiixcHHue BnprHHiibi bx. gahhx> 
ro.iGcx> yjio.ifl.iB ero cxaxb bo rjiast KOJiOHiajibHoii MiiJiHiiin, b 
ryoepHaxopx., ne ace.iaa B036yacji,axb pasHorjiacifl, corjiaciijica Ha 
Bc-fe ycjiOBin, nocxaBJieHHbia eiiy BamnHrxoHOMX., h HasHaqnJiX) ero 
FJiaBHGKOMaHAyiomniix. BnprnHiii cx> qimoMx, noJiKOBHiiKa. Meac^y 
iipo'i0MX> BamiiHrxoHX> coxpaHH.iiXj 3a cgogk) npano Haananaxb 
0{{)Hii,epGBX>. Tpn ro^a (1755 — 1758) 6hjix. ghx. rjiaBHOKOMan- 
jyiomBM'b BiipniHCKPiMH BOilcKaMH; 9X11 xpH ro^a 6lijih j^Jia Hero 
atjiuMx. pa^oMx, HenpiaxHocxefi u Myienin, hh Mnnyxbi He ji;a- 
BaBUiiixx> CMy noKoa. 

3aKOHo;iaxejibHoe coopaHie accnrHOBajio cpejicxBa na cocxaB- 
.leHie Gxpajta bx> 1500 ^lejioB'feKi. jiJia saninxbi rpaHm^bi. BecbMa 
Heonpeji'fejieHHon u xanyBmefica na npoxajKenin ntcKOJibKiixXj co- 
xeHi> MHJib. IlHAfenn,bi bx> 3xy nopy orHeMx> h MeqoMx. onycxoniajiH 
cxpaHy, noxGMX. na Bpeaia HCiesajin, a saxiMX^ CHOBa noaBJiajiHCb 
Bx> eme SdJibiniixX) Ko;iiiqecxBaxx>. BauiHHrxoHy npuxo/iujioci. iiocto- 
aHHo n 6e3ycntmH0 npecji'feji.OBaxb nxx.; bcsa^ nocjit hhxxj ocxa- 
Ba.incb pa3BajiuHbi ii xpynu. HacejieHie KOJionifi ne SHa-io, Ky^a 
npnxKflyxbca, n ycBariBajo ceSt A0Kia npuBbmKn KoqeBHUKOBX), 
3a5biBaa o HpaBCXBeHHOMx> qyBCXBt, ooxi o6mecxBeHHbixx> cBa3axx.. 
IIpaBG CM.xbHaro cxanoBH.xocb saKOHOMX. j[Jia. eojiohhcxobxj; 6po;i;a- 
'iHiin xG.inaMii aB.iajincb ohh bi yKpinjienia n cxapa.iHCb ciaoHHXb 
co.xj,axx> Kx, yqacxiio bx> axx, pa36oilHHqecKGH a:ti3Hn. 9x0 qacio 



24 JKIISHb SAM-BqATEJIhEblXl) JIIOIEC. 



yjtaBajiocB umt.: coJiAaTLi, cqacTJHBO cnacmieca otI) 3aca;i;T> EEjifhTL- 
n.eB'b, j];e3epTHpoBa.ifi, ii BamHarTOHi. lepajii. laKHMt oopasoiii. 

nOCrfej.HHXt CBOHX'L UOA'IHHeHHHX'b. FOBOpnTL AHCD.Hn.IHH'fe, 

nopflA^'fe BT) apMin npn laKHxt oOcToaiejiLCT sax's 6w;io HeBOS- 
MOHiHO. EcjIh npiioaBHTb Kt STOiiy nocTOflHHLia iipennpaiejiBCTBa 
Me3K;i,y 0(|)nLi.epaMH Ko.iOHiajiLHfciMn a KopojieBcimMH HS'b-aa ihhobt>, 
a TaKJKe necnpaeeAJiHBua Haiia;i,KH oSmecxBeHHaro MstHifl, to 
noJiyqiiMT, aobojibho nojiHyio KapxuHy xoro, qiu ncnbixbiBaji'L Ba- 
lUHHrxoHX). He pas'b j^yMaji^ ohT) opocnxb bshxog na ceoa A^-io, i: 
TOJibKO AOBtpie jipysefi k^ ero cHJiaM'b ii cosHanie j^ojira y;i,epain- 
Bajin ero ox-b aioro. He CMoxpa na nenoKopHocxb apiiiu, ne CMOxpH 
Ha CBOH HeyjtaqH, na cxpaAaHia caMOJiroom, oh-b He noKHny^Tb nocxa, 
na KOxopoMX. oauhx, Morx. jtocxoiiHO cjiymnxb CBoeii poAHHi. He 
na;];aa jiyxoMX), ohb npojiojacajix) HenpepbiBHyio 6opb5y Ch BHim- 
HHMH Bparaim h ex. BHyxpeHHHMii neypa/iHiiaMn. 9xo 6biJia ji.ia. 
Hero cypoBaa lUKOJia, C({)opMHpoBaBmaa ero yMX> h xapaKxepx, 
crjiajinBiuaa npoxflBoptqiH ero Oypaoti h cxpacxHOfi Haxypw h npn- 
6jie30Bmaa ero kx. xoh rapMOHnqecKoii HtjibHOCxa, KaKcfl pi^KO 
yj];aBajiocb AocxHraxb jno^aMX.. 

Kor;i,a bo rjiaBi aHr.iincL,aro MnniicxepcxBa cxajiX) Hhttx., 
cx-yMtBuiiS CA'feJiaxb nojiHTDKy Anrjim oojite anepruqEOH n BJiia- 
xejibHofi, TO nojiojKeHie BamuHrxoHa cxa.xo HtcKOJibKO Jiyqme. 
Bi. AMepHKy nociaHbi omjih xpii jtoBHsin, noAX> rjiaBHbiMX> naqajib- 
cxBOMX) reHepa.ia AoepKpoiion, npaqesix. j^BbAiiBasin ;],0JiH£Hbi 6biJiu 
ji,McxB0Baxb Ha cfeBep'B, a xpeTba, no;i,x. npeABOji,HxejibcxBOMX> 6pn- 
ra^npa $op6ca, oxapaBJiena 6biJia bx> BflprHHiK), nojiyqnBX> npea- 
HHcaHie OBjia^'fexb (|)opxoMx> ^I,K)KeHx>. KpoM-fe xoro Hoxxxj noaajiX), 
qxc HeoSxoAHMo ypasHaxb bx> npaBaxxj n qnHaxx. o(|)Mn,epoBx> (j^o 
nojiKOBHOKa BK.iK)TiHTejibHo) KOJiOHiajibHoii u KopojieBCKon apMiii, 
'ixo6bi yHHqxojKuxb nocxoaHHbia npepeKania, MiuiaBmia eAHHoay- 
miio BoiicKa; xaKUMXj o6pa30Mx> ocyniecxBiiajiacb utpa, Koxopyro 
BamnHrxoHi) j];aBH0 yace cqnxajix. qpe3BLiqariH0 BajKHon, n Koxopaa 
jliiicxEDxejibHO oSjierqiiJia nojiojKeHie j^-fejix.. «I>op6cx> 3Ha.ix>, qxo 
Heyjaqa Bpa^aoKa bx. 3HaqHxejibH0H jiiipt o6x.acHaexca ero npe- 
HeSpejKeHieMx. kx. coB'fcxaMx. BamnHrxoHa, n noxoaiy nocxoaHHO 
coBtmajica CX) HaqajibHUKOMX. npoBimuiajibHOH mhjihiuh. Kx> pery- 
JiapHbiMx> aHrjiificKHMX. BoflcKaM'b H Ki. BHprHHCKofi apMin BCKOpt 
npHMi.HyjiH neHcujibBaHu,bi h H-feKoxopwe Apyrie KOJioancTbi bi. 
qHCJi'b 4,500 qejiOBtK'b. Ho^x. KOMaH^on BamimrxoHa naxoAHJiocb 
OKOJio 2,000 qejioB'feKX., pa3C'kaHHbixT> ojtHaKO no 6oJibraoMy npo- 



TEOPr'L BAUIBHrTOHT). 



CTpaHCTBy II Hy*/KAaBiuMxca bi. najaiKaxij, npoAOBOJibCTBiii n t. ji. 
B-L laKOMi. uojio'/KeHin Haxoj,0Jiocb jitjio bi, KOHi^t Jitia 1758 r. 
Bt. 9T0 BpeMH BaiuHHriOHTb oinpaBii.ica wh EnJuibaMcoyprT) cb }\o- 
KJia;i;oM'B HjHcjax'b CBoero BoiicKa. 3Ta nolJsjKa imtjia ptmaiomee 
SHaqeHie jijir ero jui^hou amsHu. 

Ho Aopor'fe BT) BH.OLHMCoypri) BainnHrTOHi> nosHaKOMHJicfl Cb 
^aMoep-ienoMt, ujitHie KOTuparo Haxojtn.ioct no 6jih30cth, ii i;o- 
TopbiiiCTaji'ByupaiiiiiBaTB BanmnrTOHa satxaTb kI) nejiy xoTbno- 
o61i;];aTb, ec.iuyiK'bHnKaK'b nejibSfl norocTHTbnojto.ibiiie.BaiiiiaHrTOH'L 
ycxynnju. nacTOflHiaM^ rocTenpiinmaro noMiimHKa, n b^ jioui, ero 
BnepBbie BCTptxHJicfl ch MCiOAori BAOBoii, Alapiofi KacTHCb. KaK^ 
no omy, xaKi. n no siyacy, r-Hia JvacTncL, pom/teHnaH J^anjipHAJKx,, 
npnHaji,JiejKajia kI) ybaiKaeMofi (ImxiiiJiiiT. a oti. Myxa ynac-itAOBajia 
orpoMHoe cocTOflHJe n HM'fejia AByxi. MajienbKnx'b A'bTen. 9to 6bi.ia 
»ieHni,BHa HeSojibmoro pocxa, ho nponopuioHajibHaro cjiojKeHia; 
oqoHb KpacR.iH ee dojbuiie xeMHo-Kapie r.iasa, npeKpacHbie Kamxa- 
HOBbie BOJiocH n npiaxHoe Bbipaacenie Jinna. Ea npuBJieKaxejibHbiH 
Manepbi n npocxoxa b-b oSpamenin cpasy noepaanjiHcb BamnHrxoHy. 
He CMOxpa na cboh) cjiepjKaHHOCxb n cepbeanocxb, oh^ 6hji1) O'lenb 
ijBCXBnxejieH'b kt, /KeHCKniiX) npejiecxaMX), oco6eHHO bi. Mnnyxbi 
ox;i,bixa oxX) BoeHHoii JKnsnn, ii MHccncb Kacxncb bx> axox-b jteHb 
noKopnjia ero cepAne. Ootji'b npomeji'b neaaMfexHO, n xoxa Jiomajiii 
6hiJin j^SiBEO no;];aHbi, BamaHrxoHx, Me^Jinji'b ixaxb; HaKonenij, 
OHX. npHKasaji-b pasctAJiaxb Jionia;i,efl h xcjibko na cji-fe/tyiomee yxpo 
oxnpaBHJica na nfecxo CBoero HasHaqenia. IlM-baie r-acn KacxHCT, 
«B'k!ibiri /l,OMx,» Haxoan.iocb Hej;ajieKO ox^ Ba.iJibaMcoypra, n 
BarauHrxoHX. npoBo;tujn> y nea Bch CBo6oj;Hbie OTh saHaxifi qacbi. 
Ho BoeHHbia ooasanHocxn ne n03B0Jiajin BauiHnrxoHy ^oJiro ocxa- 
eaxbca bi, Bnj.ibaMc6yprt, u, 6oacb noxepaxb Muccncx> K3cxhcx>, y 
KOXopoH H 6e3T> Hcro 6biJio He aiajio noKJioHRHKOB^, BamaHrxoH-b 
CA'feJiaJi'b efi npejtJioaceHie. KpacnBbiii, mojioaoii ©(lianepTj, ycntBuiiil 
yace npioop'tcxn ceoii c.iaBy, cxojil npnxaraxe.ibHyK) jjia jKennj.nH'b, 
nojiyqujix. corjiacie jinccncL Kacxncx>, n ptnieno Owjio oxnpa3;i;Ho- 
Baxb CBaAboy nocjit Bsaxia ({)opxa J^WKena. 

Ho noxo,ix> npoxHBXj ,'l,H)KeHa cocxoajica Jinmb qepesi, ntcKOJibKo 
MtcaneBX). <I'opdcx> Mej.injiXi, n BamoHrxoHy npnxoAiiJiocb sann- 
Maxbca npooaji,biBaHieMT.HOBOH Aoporn, xanx. KaKX. <l>op6cx. nexo- 
xt-Tb n^xn no xoiiy nyxii, r^t yjKe pa3i> ney^aqa nocxnrjia Bpa^AOKa. 

MejK;;y xtiix. na ctBepi A'k.ia anrjiuqaHx, aghb oxo j^hh yjiyq- 
nrajiHCb, Kptnocxb sa Kp-fenocxbio nepexonHJin bX) nxx. pyna, a 



26 a:n3Hb SAMijqATEJibHLix'b .110 jeh. 



c{)paeuy3Li, jt-feiicTBOBaBuiic na lort, nepeciajiii no.iyqaib ch cfeeepa 
nojiKp'fen.ieHifl. BamnHrToei) TopoiiiiJi'b <l>op6ca, HacTaneafl Ra tomT), 
qiooH coBepmnib noxoA'b no ciapofl jtoporfe, — ho nanpacHo. HaKO- 
nei^^, To.ibKO B-b Haqa.ili Hoaopa 17 58 r., bch aHrjiificKaa apjiia 
coopaHa 6biJia B'b o;inH'b njHKX'b, ptuieao obijio jiBimyTbca B-b 
nyib, T'feMi. oo.i'fee, mo co BctiXi. ciopoB-b xoAniii c.iyxn ciaSocin 
j;K)KeHCKaro rapHnaoHa. BauiuHrTOH'b noBej-b aBaarapjii, a sa 
HHii-b (J)opciipoBaHHbni'L Mapiue-MT) nocji'tAOBajiii ocia.ibHbie. Bea- 
npenaicTBeHHo nojiom.io aHrjiiiicKoe bohcko K-b cI)opTy ,I,ioKeey, 
KOTopMB, KaK-b OKasajiocb, CbiJH) noKanyT'b HenpiHTe.ieMT>. noTepflBT> 
Haji;ejK;;y nojiyquib iiOAKptajieHie cb ctsepa, (|)paHiiy3bi, y3HaBT> 
npnojiHiKeeiH aHrjuiqaHi,, npeAiioqjiii y^ajiiiTbcfl 11 npeAOCTaBUTb 
iiM'b saB-iaA^Tb KptnocTbio oes-b cpaaveHia. llpaBji,a, ({ipaenysu 
ycn-fejiii B3opBaTb cboii aiarasuHW 11 CHceqb Bcb 3ji,aHia, xaKi. qio 
BauiuHnoH-b 3acTa.n> Ha aioM-b MJ^cit o;i,Ht pasBajinebi. Ilcnpa- 
BUBTi aio yKptnjieHie, aHrjiiiqaHe Ha3BaJiH ero B'b 'lecib CBoero 
nepsaro MUHncipa ([)0pT05ii> IlHTT'b. 

TaKii OKOHqiiJiocb rocnoACTBO ({ipaHnysoBij b^ oSjiacin Orio, 
Ha rpaHHHaxT. Koiopofi CHOBa BOABopiiJiMCb Mtip'b II cnoKoncTBie. 

BauiuHrTOH'b p'felUBJI'b OCTaBHTb BOeHHyH) CJiymOy, KaK'b TO.IbKO OKOH- 

HHTca KaMHaeia npoTiiBi) (j)opTa ^lOKeaa. oAopoBbe ero sa Et- 
CKO.ibKG ji'bT'b unByaiHofi hchshh cn.ibHO pacniaiajiocb, Bt^mua 
TpeBorn HaAotJiii ejiy, 11 jyiua ero JKanc^aJia iiOKoa. Eiii,e ao bsh- 
Tia JI,K)KeHa, BamiiHrrom., no coBtiy CBonxi. ^pyaen, corjiaciiJica 
nocTaBHTb CBOH) KaHAnaaiypy B'b ;i,enyTaTbi 3aK0Ho;i,aTejibHaro co- 
opania, Ky;i;a n Sbi.i'b nsopae'b orpoMHUii'b oojJbuiHHCTBOM'b ro.io- 
coB'b B'b KaqecTB'b npeAciaBiiTeJia OT'b rpatliciBa ^pe^epHKCb. 
Iloc.ii'fe B3aTia ,T,K)KeHa, BainHHnoH'b Bumeji'b B'b oicxaBKy 11 
G-ro HHBapa 1759 r. iKeHn.ica na Mnccncb Kacxucb. CBaj^boa 
6bi.ia oxnpa3;],HOBaHa B'b «B'fcji0M'b ^OMli)) btj L'pyry siHoro'iucieH- 
Hbix'b jtpyseii h 3HaK0MBix'b, KaK'b xoro xpeSoBajio cxapnHHoe Bnp- 
ruHCKoe rocxenpinMCTBO. 

B'b xoM'b /Ke 17 59 r. (|)paHiiy3CK0-My BjaAHqecxsy HaHecen'b 
obiJi'b OKOHqaxejbHuri yAap'b ii B'b Kana^'fe. O^HaKO em,e ^o 1 763 r. 
He pa3Tj BcnbixoBajiii B'b Kanaxt B03cxaHia, Koxopbia anrjinqa- 
HaM'b npnxojin.iocb no;iaBJiaTb cb opyaiieii'b B'b pyKax'b. HaKOHenX), 
K'b BejiiiKon pa;i,ocxH ajiepnKaHCKnx'b KCJiOHin Anrjiin, saK.iioqeH'b 
ObiJi'b Mnp'b. 

BoiiHa Anniii Ch <I>paHr[,ieii ii3'b-3a aiiepHKaHCKnx'b xeppaxo- 
piii nM't.ia BaacHLia iioc.it.ACXBia ;i.-ia aMepnicaHueB-b. AHr.iificKHji'b 



rEOPr-L BAUIHHrTOH'L. 



irojiOHuciaMt npiiiu.Tiocb bt. siy Boiiey npimecTH orpoMHtia JKepiBu. 
llacejienie KOJiOHiil 6bijio paaopeHO, seMJiH oiiycTonieHbi, He- 
j,OBOJibCTBO nojiojKPHieji'b jifkji-h npHHHMajio Bce 6o.ibmie pasirfepu. 
fii^ HapoAHbixi) siaccaxi wajio no Jiajiy npo6yHiAa-iocb cosHanie, 
ripoaBHBmeecfl bt^ tom'b, nio kojiohiii Ha^iajiii Tpe6oBaTb ot^ jie- 
'rponoiiin BOSM-femenia cbohx'b yobiTKOB'b. 3apoHv;i,ajracb Mbicib o 
iiojiHOMi> OT.iOHceHia KOJionifr ott. Anrjiiii, h AHmia BCfl'iecKu uoj[- 
jiepscubaia siy MwcJib cbohmh penpeccajiiaMii npoTHBi) aMepHKan- 
cKaro HacejieHia. J\;ljio bt> tomt., »ito ch yHn'iTOiKeHieM'b (|ipaHn,y3- 
cKaro MorymecTBa btj AaiepnK'fe aHrjiiticKia kojiohIh ae Hy3Kji,ajincb 
oo.ibiiie BT3 samuT'Ii Mexporiojiiii,— a aio bi. cymaocTH obiJio rjiaB- 
HOK) cBasbK) MGJKAy i\Hrjiiefi u en KOJioaiaMii; ciiycTa atcKOJibKo 
.itT-b CBo6oAOJiK)6LTBbie aMepHKaBii,bi cbyMtjin CTpflxeyib ch ceSa 
raei'b, BOBce ae npaxoAiiBuiinca mi-h no BKycy. 

BaM'bTOM'b btj saoBDiieaie, qio bo Bpeiia Boflau cl (()paHn,y- 
:5aMii, KOTopyio Mbi Morjin paacMoiptTb SAtcb jinuib btj caMbixi> 
ooninxT, qepiaxx, BauiHarToa'b ae coBepinHJii. an o^eoro 6jiecTa- 
luaro noABnra, ao Bce-iaKQ anojiat sacjiyKUJi'b cbok) nonyjiap- 
eocTb fl cjiaBy. Bch ero jKusab 3a aio apeMa MOiKeT'b cnpaseAJiBBa 
cqaiaxbca noABnroMi); ae JierKO 6biJio nwfeTb ji'hRO cb aeopraan- 
30Baaaofi apjiien n saMtaaib aeji,ocTaTK0 BoeaaoH opraaH3an,iH 
CBoaMH .iHiabiMn AOCTonacTBaMn, ae aapymaa npn btomt. saKo- 
BOB-b a cM-fejio Bciptqaa BcaKyio onacaocTb. Onmij, npio6p1iTea- 
abiB HMT. B-b Boaai ct> (|3paau,y3aM0, oojilie qtin. nparo/iHJica eMy 
BnociliACTBia. Bno.ia'b aoAroxoBJieBauri, asajica oai sa BejinKoe 
A'liJio ocBooojicAeBia CBoea poAnHu, 6JIa^o;^apa KOxopoMy cxamaji')> 
ceo'fe npaBO aa oeaciviepxie. 

rJIABA III. 

AepeBCHCKaa HinsHb BamnHrTOHa. 

IJaiiiiiurTonij — mjcht. 3aKOQOiaTe.3i>Haro coopaHiii . — jKiianb b^ ;i.e- 
lieBQt. — MoyHT'i. - BepnoHTi ii ero oKpecroocTu.— OrnomeHie Bauiimr- 
rona K^ pe.iiiriii. — ynpaBJiesie nMteieMi. ii BpcManpenpoBOyKJieHie 
BauiiierTOua. — OGxojKjieHie c^ paOaiin. — Oxoxa )i pbiSnaa .iiOB.jfl. — 
i'Beceaeni^i. — Jltiisub bt, AHHanciHct.— OcyniKa Oojoti>. 

Ilocjit CBaj],b6bi Bamaarxoa-b npojKB.iiD c^ JKeaon xpu Jiiicai^a 
Bi. ea noM-fecxbli, aocHBaieMX. aasBaaie «B'fejiaro JI,0Ma», a oxxyjia 
qacxo tsAa.Tb bt. BajiJibflMcoyprb ji^jir acnojiaeBia CBoero nojinin- 
'lecKaro AO.ira, a aMeaao ;],jia yiacxia bxj sactAaaiaxi saKoaojia- 
xe.ibaaro coSpaaia. 



28 KH3Hb SAM'EqATEJIbHblXl. JHOflEil. 



He JiHmeHO HHiepeca caiioe BCxyiiJieHie BauiHHrTOHa Bt aio 
coSpanie. Kor;i;a BainHHrTOH-L BnepoLie iioflBUJica Ha sacbjaHie, 
TO CDHKepi, (npeAcfeAaxejib) coopaHia — yace sapaHte p-femnBmaro 
BCiptTiiTb /loojiecTHaro BOiiHa c^ ocooeHHbun, no'iieeieMi) — bt. 
iipoqyBCTBOBaeHLixT> CTOBaxi) SjiaroAapHJi'b ero oti. BMeHn Bcixi. 
KOJioHHCTOB'b 3a ycjiyrH, OKasaHHLia hmtj poj^nn-fe bo Bpeiia Bofmbi. 
BamuHriOHTj, ne 0HCH;;aBuiiH TaKoil Bciptqii, ism-h paciepajicfl. 
tiTO HO cpasy ;i,oraAHJicfl Bcxaib, a BcxaBi), 'ito5u OTBtiiiTb na 
o6pani,eHHyio kt, Heiiy ptqb, Bjipyr-L saiifl.icfl, noKpacHtjn> n bti 
cMymeHiii ho aior-b nponsnecTH hh cjioBa. «Ca,T,0Tecb, MHCiep^ 
BamnHrTOH'b, — ci> yjibiSixOH saM'feiHJi'b cniiKepT), — Bama CKpoMHOcib 
He JieHbuie Baumx^ 3acjiyn>, ii ciiymenie same KpacHoptqaBte 
BcaKBXi. cjioB'b». TaKOB'b obLiT} iiepBbifi uiarT) BaujHHrTOHa Ha 
rpajKAaHCKOMTi nonpiimt, na KOiopoM'b oht. c^yM'feji'b iipoflBUTb 
TaKOH JKO 3;i,paBbiii yji-b, TaKoe ffie MyjKecxBo, BejinKOAymie h casio- 
OTBepHceflie, KaK^ ii Bt CBoeii BoeHHoii ^taiejibHocTn. TIoKa 
Dpo;i;oj[acaji0Cb 3ac'6ji,aHia aaKOHOjraTejibHaro coopania, BamnHrTOH'b 
eensM-feHHO noctni.aji'b hx^. a aai'feji'b iiepetxajiT) cb aceHoio btj CBoii 
jiioouMbiii MoyHT'b-BepHOH'b. 

diieHa BamuHrTOHa ynacjiiAOBajia ott* nepBaro MyHca ipeTbio 
qacTb ero oOuiHpHbix'L iiOMicTift orposmaro cocToania; ocTajib- 
Hua flBt TpeTH AOJiJKHbi 6ujiE 6biTb pas^-fejieHbi nopoBHy MejK;iy 
yiByMa jitTbuin MuccHCb BaiuBHrTOH'b ot^ nepsaro Opana. Ho ace- 
jiaEiV) o.iHJKafimaro poji,CTBeHHiiKa Jifeieii, renepaja KypTa, Ba- 
lUHHrxoH-b 6biJi'L HasHaqeHT. oneKynoMi) jifkieii CBoen acenbi,— o6a- 
saHHocTb He Bcer^a JierKaa a Becbiia jtejiOKaTHaa, KOTopyio Ba- 
lUtmrTOHTjHcnojiHaji'L cb caMoio ineneiiiJibHOK) AOopocoBtcTHOCTbK), 
sa6oTacb got. nHTepecaxi,;],tTefi CKopte KaKi, oxenT,, HejKe.iii KaKij 
oneKyHT). ^0 aceHHibSbi BamnHrTOH'b jiojiroe Bpejia Hociijica ci. 

MHCJIbK) noSblBaTb B-b AHFJlill, TJXh BtpoaTHO OLIJIl. 6bi BCTptqeH-b 

npeiipacHo: aioiBa ero RoeHHbixT, iioAenrax'b ycntjia yace pac- 
iipocTpaHHTbca B'b Anrjiin. Ho CTpeMJienie K'b ciciiTajibqecKofi hcushii 
coBepmeHHO ncqe3Jio y BamnHrToaa nocji'fe 6paKa. HocejiHBmiicb 
B'b MuyHT'b-BepHOH'fe, oht. DHcaji-b OAHOJiy flai.cBonx'b ;ipy3eff cji'fe- 
Ayiomee: «nojiaraK), qxo Tenepb a Haji,ojiro h npoqno 3actjn. 
BA'fecb BM-licrt ch upiaiHoii ci]yTHnn,efi sioefi aciiaHn, Ha^tiocb 
HafiTU Oojibme cqacTba bt, sxoii'b yeAHHeHiii, neacejiH HaxoAii.Tb 
Korj^a-jiuoG cpej^ii cyeiHaro CB'bTa*. Otofo nnKarcb nejibsa cqnTaTb 
CO CTopoHU BamnerTOHa Kanpii30M'b iijih MiiMOJieTHOio npiixoTbio. 
Oh'b iincaji'b to. qT(') cepbesHO oS^yMaa'b, BbipaiKaa npia aioii'b 



rEOPri, BAiueHrTOHT). 29 

CBOu ca.MbiH 3a;iymeBHbiJi HcejiaHia, .Iiooobl kt. ji,epeBeHCKo8 jkbshh 
OTBtia.ia ero caMMMt ncKpeHHim'b n r.iyCoKim'L cipeMJieHiflM'B, 
KHSHB BT) ;;epeBHli Kasajacb ewy iiAeajiOMT>, ocymeciBJieHieMt 3a- 
bI.thhx'l ero JieqxaHin. Jame bt> caMtin pa3rapT> nojinTiiiiecKoii 
jKiiBHn, npii iicno.iHeHiH ooasaHHOCTeii BoeHsaro bo»:ah cBoero 
Hapoaa, ero THHy.io Bt AepeBHio. 11 npn nepson bosmojkhoctii oht., 
KaKt IJ,nHHHHaTi,, BOSBpaniajca k-l CBoeaiy cejibCKOJiy xosflfiCTBy. 
«il j:yMaH), — nucaji'L Baui0HrTOHT> yace na coofli cbohxt. JiHefr, — 
'iTO Htit :k[I3hii Jiyqme aciisHn ce.nLCKaro xoaaaHa. Bii^tTt, 
KaKT> 03T> 3ejLTn no;iHnMaK)TCH pacTesifl, KaKi. ohh npor^BtTaioTi), 
ojiarojapa iicKycciBy 3eMJieA'feJii>D,a, — sto sanojiHaeTi. co3epii,a- 
lejibHbTii yjiT, Hj,eHM0, Koiupbia Jierqe HcnbiTbiBaib, ^tMi) BRpa- 
3iiTb». « 3eMJieA'fi-iie Bcer^a obiJio jiK)6uMbiM'b 1100511, saHfliieivi^, — 
n0ca.11> 0Hi> noc.it peBo.iK)n,in, — 11 a Bce Scite 6ojite npHBasLt- 
Baiocb Ki> 3eMJie;i,'fejibiecKnMi> ;i,'bJiaMi.; a jtyMaio, qio Hencnop^ien- 
HOMy qe.ioB'feKy HecpaBHenno npiaiHte coBepmencTBOBaTb CBoe 
nojieBoe xoshoctbo, 'itMi, Bca xa nyciaa ciiaBa, KaKyio mojkhq 
npioSp'fecTn onyciomeBieMi. aeM.io, xoia 6bi ojiepacnpaa nenps- 
puBHbia no6-tj[u». 

IIpaBja, HMtHie Bam0HrTOHa, MoyHTX-Bepaoei,, 6biJio o^iapo- 
Baie.ibHbiMi. yroJiKOMi, asMHoro mapa, h BamnHrTOHi> noK0na.11> 
;)T0 T0xoe npnciaHnme lOJibKO xorjia, Kor/ia axoro xpe6oBajii> oxi> 
Hero oomeexBeeHuii HO.iri., cxoaBuiifi jiJiH nero na nepsoMi. njiant. 
MoyHXi>-BepHOHT,, 6.in3Ki0 cep^ny BaiUQHrxona yace no Bocnojin- 
HaeiaMi> jitxcxBa lonocxn, ohjii. pacuojiOJKeHi, bi. xaKofi Jiicx- 
HOCXH, Koxopaa cnoco6ea oMJia xoxb Koro npnsjieqb iii. cejibCKon 
:t:u3Hn. ycaiboa nojitinajiacb na xciMt, nopocuieMij jitcoMX, n ci> 
Koxoparo oxKpbiBajica BejioKOJi'bnHbm Bfl^i' Ha ;toJi0Hy IIoxoMaKa. 
OrpoMHoe oM-feaie (bi> 25,000 aKpoBi) — npnojinsnxejibHO cxo.ilko- 
w.e /i,ecaxnHi>) pasOnxo Oujio na nicKOJibKO xyxopoBi. 0.10 {|)epMi>, 
031, Koxopbixi, Kaajiiaa 3aH0Majiacb KaKofi H06yAb cnei^iajibHofi 
Ky.ibiypofi HaxojnJiacb noAi- BtAOMCxBOMi, ocoSaro Haji,CM0xp- 
mnna. IlncbMa BamnerxoHa ki> ari^ib Ha;i,cMoxpni0KaMi,, a xaKJKe 
iiucb.Ma Ki, ynpasjiaiomeMy bo Bpejia Bonnbi a bo BpeMa npesn- 
;ieHxcxBa CBHAtieJibcxByfOxi, ero 3HaK0MCXBt ci, KajKjMMi, kjici- 
KOMi, npnHaj.ie^KaBuien ejiy seM.in. Bo.ibuiaa ^acxb sesiejib Ba- 
iiniHrxona obiJia noKpuxa jipeiiynnMH jitcaMO, co Bcbxi, nanpaB- 
.leHiaxi, naptsaHHLiMn owcxpuMn, MHoroBo/lHbiMn noxoKaiin n iiBt- 
xyui,0Mn Jio.ineaMn. Jtc0cxaa xojiMi::Taa Mtcinocxb Bji,o;ib Ilo- 
xoMaKa obi.ia ciobho cosAana A-ia oxoxbr,a oxoxa owjia oahoS 



oU 3CII3Hb SAM'BHATEJIbHblX'b jlIO;iEii. ^ 

HS'L jiioSniiBix'b 3a6aBTjBamnHrTOHa. «BoBcefl cfeBepson AxiepriKk 
etiTi iiOMtcTbH, jiytime pacnojioHcenearo, — nHca.Tb B.iaAt.ieu'b 
iMoyHT'b-BepHOHa: — MMtnie .lemini} bi. bwcokoS, cyxofi n3;i,opoBoii 

CipaH'fe, B'b TpeXl. CXaXT) MII.IHX'b OTT) MOpfl, II OpOlUaeiCH OJIHOK) 

AST) npeKpacHtttmnxT. p-feKT, bi. Mip'fe». OKpeciHwa iiojiicibfl ii 
HM'liBiji oTJinqajincb TaiaiM'b Hce xapaKiepoji'L ii TaKiiiiii nee Kpyn- 
euMii pasMtpaMH, KaKi) MoynT'b-BepHOHT,; xpaHa apiicTOKpain- 
qeciaa Tpaji,imiii, B.ia^'feJibii.bi ne jipoCiLin iix'b, a nepe;iaBajin nr. 
eacjitjcTBy ciapmeiwy btj pout, TaKHM'b oopaaoM'b 3IoyHT'b-Bep- 
eoH-b Haxo;iHJiCfl B'b caMOin> ueHipi TOuauiHefi iiOM'feiii.uqbeH HvIibhii. 
BT. EacTOflni,ee BpcMa coBepiueHeo HSM'feHHBiueii CBoft xapaKiepi^. 
FocnoACTByiomeK) i;epKOBbK) B'b BflpraHia obiJia aarjiuKaH- 
CKaH. KaicTj B'b Anrjiiii, KajKAoe rpa(|)CTBo ztt.iiiJiocb na iipcxoji,bi, 
H BamnHrTom. 6uji'b 'iJieeoM'b uepKOBHaru ynpaBjeein B'b jtByx'b 
npHXoji.ax'b— $ap(|)aKC'b ii Tpypo, HaxoAHBoinxcH B'b H'fecKO.ibKHXi, 
MUJiflX'b OT'b MoyBT'b-l'epHOHa. KorAa CTapnji iiepKOBb B'bripnxo;iK 
Tpypo npiiuiJia B'b paspymenie, to nojioflT-b owji'b Bonpocb o uo- 

CTpOEKt HOBOil, HO npnXUH^aHe HOKaK'b HOMOrJIH ptlUIlTb, CTpOQTb 

jiii uepKOBb Ha CTapoM'b hjih na hobom'b MtcT'fe. HaKOHen.'b co- 
3BaH0 oujio coSpanie j^jih OKoHqaie-ibHaro ptmoHifl SToro Bonpoca. 
Jlpyri n cocfeAo FauiHHrTOHa, MacoH'b, KpacHoptqiiBO yroBapo- 
Baji'b npncyiCTByioui.HX'b cipoHTb i;epK0Bb na CTapoM'b MtcT'fe, ii 
TaK'b noA'fencTBOBajiTj HacBoiix'b cjiyuiaTOJiefi, 'ito ohii ruTOBbi obuii 
QOAHaTbCfl ero ys'feniaHiiiM'b. Ho xyi'b iiOAHfljca BainiiHrTOH'b n. 
He roBopa hh cjiOBa, Bbinyji'b H3'b KapMana KaKyio-TO 6yMary ii 
pasBepHyji'b ee. 3to SbiJi-b noApooHbul luan'b TpypcKaro npnxoj,a. 
CTy ooosHaqeeieM'b arbcTa cxapon nepKBu. iipe^nojiaraBmarocH M'b- 
era HOBofr u jKiijmni.'b BC'fex'b npiixojKaH'b. i aiuHHrTOH'b B'b neimo- 
rax'b c.noBax'b 06'bflceiiJi'b coopaBiiiiiMCfl, 'ito hoboo Jitcio naxc- 

JIETCH Ha OAimaKOBOM'b pa3CT0HHiH OT'bHinJIIIlU'b BC'fex'b npiixojKaH'b, 

a noTOMy ropa3AO y^oSH'fee CTaparo; ho npuoaBH.i'b, ixo npe;i,ocTaB 
jiaeT'b Ha SjiaroycMOTp'feeie CBOux'b cJiymaTejiefi A'bficTBOBaTb noji'i. 
BJiiflHieii'b qyBCTBa, roBopflniaro B'b no.ib3y cxaparo irfecTa, u.iii 
noATj BJiiflHieM'b pasyjia it 3j,paBaro cjiwcjia. j[obox^ Bauiiier- 
Tona OKasajica HeonpoBep/KUMbiM'b. 11 uepKOBb p'buieHO ou.io 
CTpoHTb Ha HOBOM-b M-fecrfe, Cjiyiafi axoT'b O'leHb xapaKTepen'b ajih 
BamnHTTOHa, KOTopwfr He OTJin'iajica KpacHop'feqie.M'b, ne JiioouJi'b 

TpaTHTb JIHUIHOX'b CJIOB'b H Heptj^KO B'b r0pa3A0 OOJI'fee OOIUIipHblX'!. 

co6paHiax'b cpasy p'bmajib Ab-io CBOuM-b SApaBUM-b u irbiKn.Mb cy- 
/KAeHiesiTi. 



TEOPn, BAUIHHrTOH't. 31 



BamimrTOH-L noAnepjKnsa.i'b ii,epKBfl o6oiixt> npHxoAOB-B ceo- 
HMn cpe^tcTBaim. IIo BOCKpeceHBflMi> ohT) o6HKHOBeHHO nocimajit 
Ty n.iii JtpyryK) uepKOBt, ecjiti tojibko oliji'l 3;j,opoB'L h ne cjihui- 
KOM't njioxii SbiJin Aoporii. OT.iiiqaacB rjiydoKiiM^ peanriosHtiMi. 
qyBCTBOMT,, BamiiHrTOH-L ci, oojibuinMt yBajKenieM-L OTHociiJicii in> 
peJiHria n cl f^tTCTea npHBbiKt SuBaib Bt n,epKBii. HacKOJibKO 
OH^ 6HI.TI) BtpyioimiMT> BT> i];epKOBHOMT> cMLicjit — BonpocL jipyrofi; 

COXpaHHJIHCb CBt^liHlH TOM'b, <1T0 OHTj HG 0C06eHH0 OXOTHO HC- 

nojiHfljf'b iiepKOBHwe oopaabi, ne Mo6ujn, BbicKasHBaTb cbohx^ 
MHtHiii pejiiirin ii qxo ^a'/Ke, yMiipaa B-b iiojiHOii'b cosHaHiii, hii 
pasy ee BcnoMHii:n> o Bori. Oahok) iis'l oxjiHqHTejibHbix'b qeprb 
ero 6ujia pe.iuriosHaa xepniiMOcxb; ohX) utHiiJi^ npeacae Bcero xo- 
poniHxi) padoxHHKOBi. II xopomnx'b JiioAefi, «.6jji,h xo MaroiiexaHe, 
GBpen, xpncxiane, npimaj.Tiejt^amie kx. KaKiiM-b obi xo hh 6biJio ceK- 
xaiiX), Mn iKe axencxbi». «Il3^ Bctx'b npQqiiHx> Bpa}Kji;bi Meacjiy 
jifOAbMH, caMaa neqajibHaa — axo pejuiriosHaa po3Hb, h cjit;i,OBa.iu 
6bi no Jitp-fe B03M0HCHOCXII ycxpaHHXb ea BJiiaaie na jkushb Mep- 
Eux'h rpajK^aHX)* — xaKX> BbipajKaexca BarnHHrxoHT) bx- o;ihomx> 
niicbM-fe. KaKOBM 6bi hii obuiu JiiiqHua ero BtpoBaaia, Bauifmr- 
xoH'b Bcer^a nySjiEqao BbicxynaiXj cxopoHHHKOsiXj pejiariu. cqaxaa. 
qxo OHa ii.Mbexx> Bajfcaoe saaqeeie jiJin Hapo;i,a. 

Oduinpabia BaprnacKia nosi'kxba xoro BpeMeaa 6bLi0 CBoern 
po^a AepacaeaMH, n^eaxpbi ynpaBJieaia KOxopbixT> aaxoAHJincb b^ 
ooM'fenuiqbaxT> AOJiaxX). Jl,OMa axa, a xaKJKe a ;i,omT) Baainarxoaa, 
6biJi0 OKpyHceau MHoroancjieaBbiMa c.nyjKoaiia — Kyxaaim, Kon- 
XHJibHaMa, siacxepcKasm, KoaromaaMa a x. ;i,. 3ii,'fecb BepxoBHbiMi. 
n aeorpaaaqeaabiMx. noBejiBxejieMX> obiJiX) caMXi njiaaxaxopxj, BJia- 
ji.'fejien.T) aiitaia. BjiaBabiMX, MaaacxpoMx> a acnojiaHxejieMx> bojiii 
n.iaaxaxopa SwjiT) 9KoaoMx> a.'ia ynpaB-iaiomia. ^OMamaia a noje- 
Bbia paooxbi nciiojiaaJiacb rjiaeabnix. o6pa30Mx> aerpaMa-aeBOJib- 
aoKajiH, JKaBuiHMa irb AepeayaiKi ae;i,ajieKo oxx. noiitmnqbefi 
ycajtbobi. Ocnoeaao Maoro aerpoBX. paooxa.io aa xa6aqBHXx> njiaa- 
xauiaxxj, Koxopbixx^ ae aiajio 6biJio y Bamaarxoaa. HeAajieKO oxx> 
ycaAbObi pacnojiojKeBbi Sbi.ia oSuiiipaua AepeBaaaua nocxpoiiKa 
j,Jia cKJia;ia xa6aKy, Mejibaauu. MOJiOBaiia niaeaBn,y n Maacx>, 
KOTopwa pa3BOj0Jincb ^Jia apoKopMJieaia ceiiba ajiaaxaxopa a ero 
aerpoBX). Paobi aep'feji.KO SbiJia peMecjieaaaKaiia — aopxauMa, caaoa:- 
BBKaMB, Ky3aen,aMa a x. ;];., xaKx. qxo KaHC/i,oe Kpynaoe BMtaie 
npoB3Boji;B.xo ji;jifl ce6a see Kpafiae aeo6xoAaMoe; xojibko npeji- 
MeiH pocKoma BbinacbiBa.iacb BSBat — npeBMymecTBenao asX) 



aCH3Hb 3AMliq.\TEJtHHX'L JHOHEH. 



AHr.iin. II.iaHTaTopbi, jKOBiiiie na IloTOMaK'fe, KOTopbiii obwb cy3;o- 
xojHOE) piiKOH), Bejin Benocpe;iCTBeHHyio loproBJUo Cb Anoien. 
PaoBi HarpyjKajin laoaK-B Ha KopaSjin, cneniajibHO npnxoj;nBinie 
jjH aToii i],tjiH; MaHTaropbi KJiajiii CBofi mieMnejiB na KaacuHii 
naKeiTj xaQaiey u oxnpaBJiJi.in TaoaKi> cbohmtj areHiaMi) b-l Bpn- 
CTO.ii, JiiBepiiyjit. iliu JoH^^OHi, a sarhMt yace cbo;^0ji0 Ch axHiia 
areHxaMii ciexbi. BaiUHHrxoH'b Bejn> CBoe ^tepeBescKoe xoshScxbo 
xaKi. JKe pasyMHO ii aaeprn'iHO. KaKT> u BoeHHua j[tjidi. Ha 
nepBbixx. nopaxX) oH-b o6pa6axbiBa.n> cboii bojih no oomepacnpo- 
cxpaHeHHOiiy cnocooy, ho saxtiiX) y6t;i,HJicJi, ixo 9xo ne Bcer^a 
ObiBaexx. pauiosajibHO, a nocxenesHO cxaxb BBo^axb y ce6a pas- 
Hbifl ycoBepmeHCXBOBaHia, :i,a,jiie. n.soopt.Tb hobbih n.iyrx,. Ho Bct- 
CBOH HOBOBBejiema ohtj, KaKXi npaKxiFiecKifi lejiOBtK^, ncnuxbi- 
BajTb cuaqaia aKcnepinieHxa.ibHWM'b nyxeii-b, ii onbixx. 3acxaB.ia.ix> 
ero npeAQonHxaxB o,t;hh copxa xaoaKy, nmeHnrtu iiJin yjoopeaia 
jipyrHMX) copxaM'b. HoKa oocxoaxe.ibcxBa nosBOJia.iD eiiy jkhxb 
btj ero jiiooHMOMx. MoyHxx>-BepHOH'fe, ohx. caMT> Beji'b BCfe cboh 
ciexii, sanHCBiBajH) npiixo^'B n pacxo^t bT) ciqexHbia KHnra, eoabo- 
ji.iiji'b Hxorn — n Bce axo ct> xotiHocxbio n aKKypaxHocxbro nacxoa- 
maro xoproBii,a. C'lexHbia KHarn, coxpaHHBmiacH AOHbial,, — jiy^i- 
mee ji;oKa3axejibcxBO ;itjiOBnxocxH xosaiicxBeHHOCxn ne.iOBtKa, 
Koxopbiii y.M'feji'B BJiaraxb cbok) jiymj u bt^ Kpynnua HCxopaiecKia 
coobixia, H bT) Me.iKia acnxeficKia jtt.ia. Ce.ibCKoe xosaficxBO Sujo 
ero ropAOCXbio: npojtyKTU ero HMtHia oxjinqajiHCB oonjiieM'B a xa- 
Kon ji;o5poKaqecxBeHHocxbH),qxo xaoaKXj n Myna co uixeMnejieM'b 
BamiiHrioHa HiiKorja ho no^BeprajiHCb oobumojiy ocMOxpy bx. nop- 
xaxx> BecxTi-Hnjiiii. Ho xtMX, BpeMeeaMX), BamHHrxoHX> niibjix. nopa- 
joqHHH AOXOAX) cx> MoyHxx.-BepHOHa — npnojH3Hxe.ibH0 1,000 (|)yH- 
XOBX, cxepjiHHroBT), HJiu 0K0.I0 10,000 py6J!efi na naum AeHbrii. 

HHxepecHO nocMoxpixb, KaKT> BauiHHrxoH'b npoBOAnjn. Bpeiia 
Bx> ;iepeBH'l,. Ohtj Bcer/ia BcxaBajix, oqeab paao, qacxo— n oco- 
OCHHO 3HM0IO, KOFAa Hoqn obiJiH ;5.inaHLia, — ;io pa3CB'fexa. Bx) xa- 
K0xx> cjiyqaaxx. ohx> 3ajKHrajn> CBiqy n nncajiX) hjih qnxajii>. Bx» 
7 Mac. yxpa jitxoMX n bx> 8 qac. shmok) ohTj BbmHBa.in) ;i,Bt 
naniKH qaro cx> ;i,ByMa - xpoMa MancoBUMn .leneuiKaMH— h axo 
cocxaBjiajio Becb ero cKpoMHtin saBxpaKX,. Toxqaci uocjit sas- 
xpaKa ohxj cajio.ica na Jiouiaub a ooT^teKaJi'b x'fe qacxn CBoero 
tiMtnia. Tjit npon3BOA0.i0Cb paooxbi, xni,axejibH0 Bce ociiaxpuBaa 
n Hept;i,KO noMoraa pa6oxflnKaMT> cbohmh coocxBenHbuia pyKaMO. 
TaK-L npoxoAo.io BpeMa ao o6t;ia, Koxopbift ooHKHOBeHHO noAa- 



TEOPrt BAlUHHrXOH'B. 33 



Bajica B^ ;i;Ba laca. BaiuHHrTOHT) tit see oxotho h HtiKorjta se 6lijii> 
pasSopiHB'L btj nHiut, 3a oSiAOMTj oh^ juoohjii. BuaiiTb HejmoiKKO 
HHEa iijQ cuApa a ji.B'b piOMKii Ma^epbi. JI,o Be>iepa Bpewa npo- 
xoAnjio 3a pasHOGOpasHHMH saHHiisiMii, a bi, AeBflib qacoet, la- 
niiBmiiCB Haw — aio SlijiI) jiiooiimliiI HanaxuKi) BamuHnoHa. — BJia- 
-jt'fcjieit'B MoyHTt-BepHOHa .iojkh.ich cnaxt. Ecjin noroAa Cbi.ia 
oqeHL Moxa, to BauniHrTOH'h He BHtaatajit nst ji,OMy, a uojih- 
30Ba.ica cjiyqacMt, qxoSHi npaBecTH bx. nopfljioKi. cboii 6yMarii, 
cqeia ii nacaxb iinctMa. HeptAKo saHiiMa.ica OHt qxemeMx. hjih ate 
^nxajii. BCJiyxt cBoen cejibt— -iKenb ii ea jitxaMt. 

jVIli yji^e ynoMnaajiH o xomi., qxo BauiHHrxoH'b oujit paou- 
B.iaj.'liJibiieM'b, xoxa, noAOOHO tjipanoHHy, ae coqyBCXBOBaji'L ca- 
MOMy yqpejKfleHiiD paocxea. Ho Bt xo Bpeaia HeMWCnRMO 6hjio 
odpaoaxLiBaxb xaida orpoMHua iipocxpaacxBa seMJiii iiHa^ie, KaKX. 
HeBo.ibHHibimt xpyjlOMt; eji,HHCXBeHHoe, 'ixo Morx. cit^Jiaxb Ba- 
innHrxoHXi, — axo xopomo oopamaxbca ex. CBOEMe paoawn u cosAaxb 
ji,jia Hnxij no bo3movkhocxii iie-iOBiqecida yciuBia cymecxBOBaaia, 
BcfexTj pa60BX> y BamnHrxoHa 6biJio okojio 100 — 130 qejioBiKX}, 
a M02KH0 CMi.io yxBepHc;i,axb, 'ixo oqeHb p'fe;i,Ko 3xhmxj secqa- 
cxHBiMx. cyra;ecxBaMXj ain.30Cb xaKx. xopomo, KaKX. Bt Moynxt-Bep- 
HOHt. BaimiHrxoHX> nep^ajica xoro iipuHLuma, qxo «yB-feiii,aBia 
ii'bHCXByioxX) Ha JiioAeii cnjibHte EaKa3aHiH», ii 3a bck) cboh) acHSHb 
nycxMX> BX) xoax> naKasanie ne Sojibuie AByxb pa3x>. Ho bx. xo kg 
BpoMa OHX> xpeSoBajix. oxx> paSoB'b cbohxx>, qxo5ti obit AoSpoco- 
BtcxHO xoqno ncnoJiHajiH BOSioaceHHHa aa aHxx> paooxbi. Ohx> 
yjitjix. cpasy oupe/ltjiaxb, aa KaKyio paooxy ro^Hxca xoxt n.iii 
j,pyrofi HOBOJibHiiKX), xaKx. KaKX) qacxo caMx. jumao cjitjs.aji'h aa 
paSoxaMH H Ha6jxio;iaix> 3a HOBOJibHHKaMH; OHt anajix., CKOJibKu 
BpeMOHH xpeSyexca bx> cpeAHeMX> jj^jir nciiojiHeHia xoa hjih Jipy- 
roii pa6oxbi, u Bcer;i,a npeji,x>aBJiajix. paoaiiX) cxporia, ho cnpa- 
Be^^HBua xpedoBaaia. 'Mejiu paSu y BamimrxoHa jtOBO.xbao 
xopomo — BX) iiepeBymKi, cocxoaBmefi nai xnauHX), oKpyH{eHHHXx> 
aeoojibfflHMH caAfiKaMH, ii ydtraJiii oxx. Hero cpaBHuxejibHO p'{iji,Ko. 
OcooeHHo 3adoTiiJica BamnHrxoax. o cbohxx> aerpaxx., Kor^a ohh 
i^adoJi'feBajiH, /lepata.xx. j\jia. hhxxj cneaiajibao spaqa a xpe5oBajix> 
uxX) CBOHX'b cjiyacam,Hxx. ocooeaaaro BaHMaeia kX) 6ojibBbiMX., 
B03Myniaacb oobiyabiMX) oxHomeHiejrb kxj padaMx., KaKX. kx. bbioh- 
Hoii cKOxnat). BeabicKyccxBeaabin AHeaaaEx. Bamaarxoaa CBH^'b- 
xe.xbcxByexX) u xoiit, KaKx. qacxo caMx> ohx. noeimajix. uo.ibHHX'b 
aerpoBXj n cxapa.ica BcaiecKH oSjier'iaxb nxx. cxpaAania. Kop- 

TEOITT) BAlIinHrTOHT.. 3 



34 JKH3Hb riAM'BqATEJIbHHX'b JIIOHEll. 



mhjh, oh'l paQoBT) xoponio, r.iaBHUM'L o6pa30M'L MaHCOBLiMT) xjA- 
uoMt n pLioofi, KOTopoft MHoro 6hjio Bt MoyHTi-BepHOHt: no 
npasAHHKaM'b iipHKasbiBaji'L BUjiaBaTb Ka3Kji;oMy no CTaKany poMa: 
He CMOTpa na to, qxo OtAHarn HeptAKO sjioynoipeojifljin ero aoo- 
poTOH, OH'L j;o K0Hn,a acHSHH He HSMtHfljit CBoero OTHomeHia Kt 
HEMt M btj saB'fera.aHic CBoeMT> pacnopaflu.ica oojibuiyio qacxb hxtt 
OTnycTHTb Ha bojiio. SaMtTHMt enie, mo BaninHrToei. HnKor^a 
He noKynajn. paQoB-b, KaKi) 6h ohh hh SbiJiii ejiy nyHiHbi, ecjin 
;iJia 3Toro npnxojtHJiocb pasjiyqaib nx^ cb ceMbeio; on-b npejino- 
mnsiji'h B-b laKHXTj cjiyqaax^ npio6p'fecTn bch) ceMbio. HeyanBn- 
TOJibHO nosTOMy, qio pa6bi, iiposKHBUiie ntcKOJibKo BpeMBHH y 
BamnHrxoHa, 6biJipi ncKpenHO ktj nejiy npuBasaHU. ne cjioxpa 
Ha ero xpeooBaxejibHocxb. Ho BamnHrxoH'b ne xo-ibKO xpeooBaji'b 
paSoxbi ox-b apyrnxT): ohX) caMX. roxoBX) 6b]Jix> noMoraxb cbohmi. 
pa6aMx>, Kor;i,a 9xo OKasbiBajiocb HyjKHbiMT>. Coxpaaajica paacKasx., 
MTO Korji;a bo Bpeaia rposw Bo^a npopBajia njioximy Ha MejibHun,^, 
xo BamnnrxoHX), bo rjiaBt CBoeii AOMamneS 'lejia^n, OpocHJica xy^a 
H noflX> npojiHBHUMX> AOJKAeMX. paooxa-Ji-b .lonaxofl, uoKa iiJioxnHa 
He SbiJia ncnpaBJieea. PaayMtexca, axo 6bi.iX) ue ej:0HCTBeHHbin 
CJiyqafi 3a Bpeaia ero 3kh3hh bX) jiepeBHi. 

MoyHXX.-BepHOHXj ero OKpecxHocxn 03o6n.xoBaJin BcaKaro 
poAa Aa^i'io. BaiuHHrxoHx, jkg 6bi.ix> cxpacxHbiMi. oxoxkhkumx., xoxa, 
no npaBA'fe CKasaxb, ptAKO cjiyiajiocb eiviy sacxptjoxb KaKoro-HU- 
6yjib 3B'tpa. B^ oxoxHnqifi cesoHi., Bbitaacaa pano yxpOMX> jiJia. 
ocMOxpa padoxxi, ohi> qacxo 5pajix> cx> C06010 cooaKX. na cjiyian, 
qxo yBiiAnxXi jiacnny. JttncxBMxejibHO, jincni^y yBii^'JiXb 6hjio ne 
piAKOcxbH), HO saxpaBiixb ee BamnarxoHy no'ixn HnKor^a ne y^a- 
Bajiocb. .loBKin, cMt.JitJii Ha-fesAHUKX), ohx> HHKorAa hb Obi.ix. ncKyc- 
HHMX, oxoxhhkomxj. Bx> oxoxhuiId ce30HX. OHX. pasa jBa-xpn bx. 
HBjfejiK) Bbitsacajix. Ha oxoxy ex. rocxajin nocfexnxe.iaMn Moynxx,- 
BepHona, hjih ex. eocfe^aMn — rJiasHbiMx, o6pa30Mx> ex. (I>ap(J)aKcaMH 
B3X, HMliHia BejibByapa, npHHaAJejKaBuiaro Apyry BamnnrxoHa, 
Feopry BHJiJiba&iy <X»ap(|)aKey. Tor^a y BamnnrxoHa njin $3p- 
$aKca ycxpauBajica oStAX., na KoxopoMi. BamHH^xoH^, BonpeKii 
eBOBJiy oSbiKHOBeeiK), BcerAa 6biBajix> o'leab oacHBJieHT) u bbcbjixj. 

PbiSeaa jiobjih xai.Hve AOcxaB.xajia Oojibiuoe yAOBo.ibcxBie Ba- 
nnmrxoHy. B'b HoxoMaKt BO^HJioeb neoro pa3HOo6pa3Hoii pbi6bi, 
n HHOFAa, ocooeneo KorAa bx, piKi noasjiaJincb cxan ce.ibAcfl, 
jiOBJia nx'b npnHUMajia ooniepHbie pasMtpbi. Okojio xoro JKe BpeMeHH 
cjiexajineb MaccaMii ahkih yxicn, oxoxa na KoxopbixX) oeoSeHHO 



rEOPrt BAinHHrTOH'L, 35 



epasHJiacb BauiimrTOHy. Ho chjilho CMymajiH ero BcaKie 6poaa- 
qie oxoTBHKn ii pbi6ojiOBBi, nocaraBuiie na ero co6cTBeHHOCTb. 
9to cep^HJio II pa3;i,pa}Kajio ero ji^o laKOH CTeneen, qio ohi, caMi. 
ojtHajKAH pacnpaBHica cl HapyiDHiejieM'L ero npaB-B. KaKofi- 
To 'lejiOBtKi) noBa;],0jica oxoTiixbca Ha yioK'b B-b oojioiax-b, iipn- 
HaAJieiKaBinHX'b BaniHHrTOHy. BtotT) HesBaHbift, ho qacibiii rocib, 
npfliacb BT) KaMLiraax'bHa 6epery piKH,HCTpe6JiflJi'bji,0KHX'b yioK'b bt. 
xaKiix-b orpoMHUXTj KOJiHiiecTBaxT), qxo npaniJiocb npnaaTb npoxaB'b 
Hero Mipbi: BaiuHHrxoH'b nicKOJibKO pasx. npe^ocxeperajiX) ero h 
Tpe6oBajn), qxo6bi oH-b yj];ajiii.icfl, — ho Bce axo OKasbiBajiocb na 
npacHbiMX.. OjiHa)Kji;bi, oSx.isHjaa cboh nojia, BauiimrTOHX. ycjibi- 
majn. Bbicxptjibi co cxopoHU ptKH; oht> xoxqacx> )Ke iiocKaKaji'b 
xyjia H sacxajiXj oxoxHiiKa bxj xoxT) MOMenxX), KorAa ohx> coSiipajica 
oxqajinxL na CBoeMT, qejiHOKi oxx. 6epera. Baui0HrroHX> noBejiii- 
xeJibBbiM^ rojiocoMX) KpHKHy.ix> euy, qxooM ohtj ocxaHOBHJica, ho 
OXOXH0KX) oxxojiKHyaca 0X1) Sepera h cxBaxHJica 3a pyacbe. Tor^a 
BamiiHrxoHx> SpocMca bx> p'bKy, cxeaxHJiX) Jioji,Ky, npHxaHyjix> ee 
KX) 6epery, BbixBaxiiJi'b h3x> pyKX) ocxojioeH'hBmaro oxoxHHKa pyaibe 
u xaKX, OXKOJIOX0JIX. ero, nxo xoxx, HaBcer;i;a noxepajix> jKeaaHie 
oxoxitxbca na aoMJit BamoHnoHa, 

Oxoxa Bx. MoyHxx>-BepHOH'fe qacxo coeAHHajiacb cxj npitsAOMX. 
rocxen; Bnpoqeaix. rocxn nocimajiii BauiHHrxoHa n bi> jipyroe 
Bpeiia. ^lame Apyrnxx. tocthjir y Hero Kannxaax. Tyro Mepcepx>, 
jiBa/KAbi ciiacmiHca oxx> HOJKa HHjttfiHeBX) eo BpsMa bomhw ck 
4)paHn;y3aMH, ii ;i;-px. KpaKX), jKHBUiie ooa nej^ajieKo oxx> MoynxX)- 
BepHona. BaiiinHrxoHX> Bcerj^a 6bijn> pa^Xj nxx. npife/Jiy a jiio60Jix> 
Biiicxt ex. H0MH npoAaBaxbca BoeHHbiMX> BOcnoMHHaaiaMXj. IIo- 
jo6ho ApyrnMXj BaprHHCKHMX. seMJieBJia/iljJibiiaMX., BainaHrxoHX, 
acn.xx. y ceoa bx> AepoBH-fe Ha mepoKyio Hory ii Morx> npaHHMaxb 
CBonxx> Apysen ex. caMbisiXi me^pbiMX) rocxenpi0MCXBOMT>. Pockoui- 
Haa cepBHpoBKa, ni,eroJibCKie sKunaacH a nopoAHcxua Jioma^o 
cocxaBJiajin cxpacxb noM'feni.HKOBX. xoro Kpyra, kx. Koxopoaiy npn- 
Haji.iejKajiXj BauiHHrxoHX,. Bce 9X0 BbiniicbiBajiocb hbX) AHr.ni0; 
rjiaBHbDix> o6pa30MXj n.xaHxaxopbi cxapajincb oxjiaqEXbca APyrX) 
nepej,x> Apyroiii> npioSptxeHLejiX) m BOcnHxanieMXj jioniaAen, a no- 
xoMy qacio ycxpaaBajiH y ce6a KOHCKie saBO^bi; BamnHrxoaX) ae 
oxcxaBa.iX) oxx. cocfeACU, xtMX> Sojiie, 'ixo nocjit aceaoxbdbi co- 
cxoaaie ero SHa^axejibHO yBeiaqajrocb. Kx. ycjiyraiix. mhcchcx. 
Bamnnrxoax. Bcer^a obiJia Kapexa, aexBepiia Jioinaji;et u lexHpe 
(J)opei1xopa aaX) aerpoBx. bx> KpacHBUxx. ji0Bpeaxx>. Cawx. Baiunar- 



36 ffiH3HL 3AMiqATEJILHUX1> JHOJ^EH. 



TOHt npe;],uoiHTajn> fe^nxL BepxoMi.. Y eero 6uJL'b KOHCKin sa- 
BO/li., coji,ep3KaBmifiCfl bi, oiMtHHofl qncTOT'li u nopajiKt, a xaKace 
npeiipacHbia oxoTHHtibii co6aKM. IlTHtiin ABopi) n3o6njiOBa.m) bh- 
nflcaHHBiMH u3AajieKa nopoAaiviH— KypoaaiKaMH, KHTaficKHMn (|)a- 
3aHa.MH, rycaMn ii t. n., a BOKpyr'L ;i,OMa nbiineo pa3pocjiHCB 
ptjlKOH KpacoTM pacreeia. Bee aio, BMicit Bsaxoe, yjKe jttjiajio 
iipiaTHofi JKU3HL BT. MoyHT'L-BepHOBt; HO SoraiHe BBprHHCKie 
noM-femnim ne Majio BpeMGHH OT^aBajiH ii pa3HOo6pa3HbiM'L b-l to 
Bpeim ;^epeBeHCKHM'b pa3BJieqeHmM'b ii yBecejieniflM^. HeptjiKO 
XIoTOMaK-b flBJiajica ci],eHOK) BejiHKOJi'fenHbixi) KaxaHift na HSimiHbix'b 
.loAKaxT., BbinncaHHbixT) iisi, AnrJiiH, n o/iho Bpejia, cy;^a no 
^HeBHHKy BamimrTOHa, Bca cipana SbiJia uxBaqena cjiobho npas/i;- 
HHqHOK JiHxopa;],Kon no cjiyqaio npn6biTifl SpHxancKaro (|)peraTa, 
ocxaHOBMBiuaroca npoxHBTj ^OMa <l>3p(|)aKC0BTj. Bx. MoyHxij-Bep- 
hoh4 e BejiLByapt ji,aBajiucb ojtHn 3a /ipyrMMn 3aBTpaKH n o6'i,j[hi 
o^imepaMTi, KOTOpbixx Bx> 060HXX. HMiiHiflxx. npnHHBiajiH Cb o;tu- 
HaKOBbiM-b paAymieMXi, PlHorAa BaiUHHrTOH'b isAHJi'L ct^ JKenoio 
Bx. 6jiu3'b-JiejKaiii,in ropoAOK'b, AHHanojiHcx>, r^i bx> xo Bpeaia na- 
xo/i,HJiocb npaBHxejibCTBO MapHJieB^a. Tawxi oeii npnHHMajiii yua- 
cxie BX) yBGcejieHiaxX), ofieab MHoroqncjieHHbixx., bxj lecxb H.ieHOBX, 
3aKOHo;i;axejibHaro co6paHia; xor/ia bX) AnnanoJiHCX) cxeKajiocb 
HBHCKaHHoe o6mecxBO, iipoHCXo/tHBinee oxX) aHr.iincKofi apncxo- 
KpaxiH, eiue MHoroe coxpaHHBineii qsxjCbghxX) npeacHiixx> npnBM- 
qeKX> H Ha aMepHKaHCKoil no^Bt. 06'Ii;i,bi, 6ajiH, xeaxpajibHbia 
npeAcxaBjieHia catAOBajiii oann 3a ApyniMH bo Bpena 3ac'b;i,aBin 
.■3aKOHoj],axejibRaro cofipania. BamHHrTOHX> riiixajii) ocooeHHoe npii- 
expacxie kx^ xeaxpy, — y^OBOJibCTBie, Koxupoe pt^Ko BHna;],ajio Ha 
ero AOJH) BO BpeMa ero xajKOJioii bo MHornxx> oxHomeHiaxi> 
acu3Hu. He npo^L 6bLix, ohx, h noxaHii,OBaxb, Kor^a npe;^cxaBja.iCH 
;iJia 9xoro cjiyqan; MHoria MOJio^bia 11 KpacHBbia Jidjijd o^eab rop;i,n- 
iHCbxiM-b, 11X0 OHX, Eaxo;],MX> y;]:oBO.!ibcxBie bX) bxx> o5ni,ecxB'fe, ho 
BcexaKH c'lHxajiH ero HtcKOJibKo n,epeMOHHbiMx, a xaatejioB'fecHbiMx.. 
Bxj xaKofl-xo axM0C(})ept AepeBeHCKuxx> sanaxifl h pasBJieieHin, 
coeji,nHeHHbixx> CX) o6niecxBeHHOio A'taTOJibHOcxbio, npoxeicjio nt- 
CKOJibKo cqacxjiBB'bfimnxxj Jitxt bx, }kh3hii BamnnrxoHa (1759 — 
1775). ^'txefi y Hero ne 6bijio, ho 3axo K'b 3,tTaMX> cBoen jkchh 
OHX, oxHocHJica ci> hcxhhho oxeqecKOK) 3a6ox.ii0BOcxbio u jiroooBbio, 
ropaqo npnHHMaa kx, cep;i,uy hxx> yMCXBeHHoe 11 .npaBCXBeHHoe 
pasBiixic. }KHBa bx. ^epeBHt, bx> Kpyry ceMbH, BamnHrxoHX, 
oji,HaK0 He npeHe6perajiX) CBOHMH o5ui,ecxBeHHUiin oSasaHHOCxaiiii. 



rEOPn. BAUIHHITOH'B. 37 



^acTO iipaxoAHJOCB esiy OTJiyqaTbca hstj AOMy, KaK-L MnpoBOMy 
cyAbt CBoero rpa(|)CTBa n KaKi. ^iJiesy saKOHOAaiejibuaro coSpania. 
IIIjeneTflJiBHOCTb n ;i,o6poooB'bcTHocTL oro bo BcaiiOMi) o6m,ecTBeH- 
HOMT) X^.it noncTimt aoctomhh aayMJieniH. KpoM-fe xoro btj BTOTt 
X.G uepioxb K03HH OHt p'feiuHJi'b npnciynflTb kT) ocyuiKt ooJiOTt, 
Haxo/i,nBinHxcH 6.iii3t> ero HMtaia. Xoia ohh ae npiiaanJieKajiH 
eiiy, HO OHt cqaxajit noiesHbiMT. cj^'fejiaib hxti [ipuro;i,HbiMii ji,Jia 
KyjiBTypaoH oSpaooiKH. Bojioia ain npocxepajiHCb aa 30 MHJib bT) 
/tJinay ii jmjib aa 10 b'l mapaHy n jio ThxT> aop^ ae 6biJin eme 
HnKtiiT) a3C.Tb;];oBaBi>i. BaiuaarToat co cBoficTBeaaofi eiiy aaeprieit 
n CM'kiocTbK) Bsajica 3a aio ji^'hjio, cb 6oj[BmaM'i>Tpy;i;oM'b npomeji'b 
nxT) B/i,0Jib n aoaepeK'b, ae ocTaaaBjaBaeMbiaHa jipeMyfiaim Kenpo- 
BbiMH n KanapacabiMH jitcaMO, an KycTapaaKaiia a nojisy^QMH 
pacieaiaMH, aa CToaaaMH npyAaMO. Bi. n;eaTp'fe aiax'b Oojoti, obT) 
OTKpbLTL 6o.ibmoe osepo, pacaojioaceaaoe 3aaqaTejibB0 Bbiuie 
npoanxT) qacTenaiofl MicTBOCTa, n ptiaiLn., mo OTC]Oj;a mohcbo opo- 
BecTB BO Bcli CTopoBbi Kasajibi n TaKnMT> nyTGM'L ocymaTb do.ioTO. 
Only H3Ji0JK0jn. pesyjibiaT'b CBoero H3c;i'b^0Baaia bT) BapraacKOMTb 
saKoaoAaTejibaoM'b coSpaaia, a cKopo cocTaeajiocb ooaiecxBO ji,Jia 
ocyuiKa 3Tofl umioii oSjiacTa. TaiaiMi) oopaaoMi, BamaarToa'b 
BCK)j;y, FAiJ tojibko Mor^, Baoca.ii) BaqaiKa KyjibTypu, ciapaacb 
663;!,^ a BO BceMi) ooierqaTb a BosBucaTb :Kn3ab ji«iji,es., cpej^n 
KOTopbiXT) npaxoAHJiocb eiiy ^i.tacTBOBaxb. 

r .1 A B A lY. 
ripuM^Hbi n Hana/io aneptiKaHCKO^ pesoiiioi^iii. 

Heji,OBOJiBCTBO o6pa30M'L flfeficTBiri Aflrjiia. — CiicreMa B03;;epaiaHiii b'l 

AMcpuKt. — nepBHfi KOHTiiHeeTa.itHHu Kourpeccb. — Cpaateaie npn 

JleKcimrTOH'i. — BaiiiiiHrTOH^ — r.3aBH0K0Mauji,yK)m,irr apMiii. — Hgao- 

cxaTKii apjiin. — Hafiopt hoboh apiiiii — SanaTie Bocioea. 

IIoKa BamaarToa'b siapBO hcbjitj bt, Moyai'b-BepaoB'fe, aa 
o6]B,ecTBeBaoM'b ropasoait AMepaKa coSapajiacb rposa, Cor.iacao 
ftaBBaaiaeMy aociaBOBJieaiH) aarjiiacKaro aapjiaMeaia, aarjiiiicKia 
KOJiOBia ctRepaoa AaiepaKH ajitjia apaso bgcth ToproBjiK) tojibko 
QT3 Aarjiefi, npaqeMi) BOcnpeai,ajica bbtbosI) ns'b AMepnKii atKo- 
Topbix^ apeAireiOBTj, npoasBOZinBiaaxca b^ Aarjiia. Koaeqao, 9to 
aociaaoBJieBie 6biJio Kpaaae aeaurn/^ao j[Jiii KO.ioaia; ch ahmi. 
ojiaaKO npaxoAajiocb Mapaibca, aoKa KOJioaia ayjE^ajiacb B-b 
Boeaaoii samnit ceoefl Meipono-iiia. Ho nocjit BUTfecaeaia ({jpaa- 



38 3KD3HB 3AMT,MATEJIbHLIXt JIK)JtE&. 

uysoB^, nojioJKeHie ji^^JTh ii3MtHnjiocb. PecnySjinKancKia iineii ii 
AeMOKpaTfliecKifi Ayxt npejK^e Kcero oSnapyjKHJiiiCL b^ ciBep- 

HBIXT) KOJIOHiaXT), KOTOpBia CXaJin CJI'fejpITL peBHHBHM'B OKOM'L 3a 

JtMcTBiflMH AnrjiiH. 

BofiHa C7> $paHiuen bi. AMepnKi BBejia AnrjiiK) b-b oojibinie 
pacxoji,Li, II opiiTancKoe iipaemejiLCTBO ptniHJio npaBJieqB Kcao- 
hIh Ki. noKpbiTiK) ainxt pacxoAoo'b, najioacHB'b nomjiHHBi na Ht- 
KOTopbie npepieTBi noipedjieeia, BBOSHBinieca bl AiiepHKy ubt. 
AnrjiiH. Meac;i,y t^mtj, no nyxy aHoificKoii KOHCTHTyii,in, BBeAesie 
npaMbixT, 11 KOCBeHHbixT. HajioroB'b btj KOJioHiax'b Olijio uckjiio^ih- 
lejibHbiM'b npaBOM-b MtcTHbix^ saKOHOAaiejibHbixTb co6paHiH. Ho, ae 
CMymaacb sthmi., aarjiiiicKiH napjiaMeHi'b o6jiOJK0Ji'b noniJinHaMn 
naioKy h caxap^, BB03iiBiuieca bi^ nopTbi HoboB Aerjiiii a rjiaB- 

EUM'b 06pa30M'b B-b BoCTOH'b. BCKOpt oSjIOHCeBbl 6bIJIH nouiJiHBaMn 

APyrie npeAMexbi BBoaa h ycTaHOBjreHi) ohjii. cxporifi aaASop'b 
3a KOHipaSaHAHOH loproBJiefi, KOTOpyio KOJioHin BinxoMOJiKy bgjih 
C'b (|)paBny3aMn a iicnaaaaMU, ii aa KOTopyio Aarjiia paabine 
CMOTptjia CKB03b oajibn.Li. Bjiaro;i;apa 9T0My, SHaqaxejibBaa ^lacxb 
aacejieaia pasopMacb, aeAOBOJibcxBO KOJiOHifi pocjio ae no 
^tHHM'b, a no qacaM'b. KojiohIh oxnpaBajin Sbijio nexnaiio Kopojiio 11 
napjiaMeaxy oSX) oxMiat nouiJiBBBbix'b aRXOBX) nocjiajia bX) Aar.iiio 
B-b KaqecxBt CBoero ynojiaoMoiieHaaro <l»paeKJinaa. Ho asrjiiHCKoe 
iipaBBxejibcxBO cjiaLBKOM'b ayHc^aJiocb bx> ;teBbraxx>, qxoobi Baaxb 
rojiocy KOJioBifi, npeji,noq0xajio Bapymaxb Koscxaxy 11,110. HpaBjia 
BnpoqeMX., 1x0 napjiaiieaxx. oxwiaBJi^ nomjiaau aa atKOxopbie 
TOBapw; ao saxo, KaKX, 6bi btj no;],XBepHcj],eBie npaBT> Aarjiia o6jia- 
raxb KOJioaia aajioraim, 03j;aax. 6biJix. saaMeaiixHii aKxX) rep- 
6oBOJix> cSopli, no Koxopowy Bcfe jitJioBbia OyMarn bX) KOJioaiaxX) 
AOJiJKabi SbiJiH nacaxbca aa repSoBofi Syajart. Ho KOJoain xBepj],o 
pimnjin BocupoxHBnxbca axoMy aesaKoaaouy aKxy a ae Aony- 
CKaxb y ce6a ero ocya^ecxBJieBia. Tenepb sarOBopajin aexojibKO 
cfeaepabia, ao a lOHCBbia KOJioaia, oxjiaqaBiaiaca cpaBanxejibao 
6ojibnieK) npeAaaaocxbio Kopojiio, BCJi'feACXBie xoro. qxo xajn> aaxo- 
ji;0ji0Cb ooaiapabia noM'fecxba Bbrce.iaBiaeaca aarJiificKofi apncxo- 
Kpaxi0. Ho Bacejieaie K)JKabixx> KOJioaia Bce-xaKn ae JKOJia.io ox- 
Kasbihaxbca oxx> CBoaxT> aBxoaoMBbixxj npaBX), rapaaxnpoBaBaMXT> 
aarjiincKoa Koscxaxyuiefl, a i;o6poBDJibao acnojiaaxb jiecnoxmecKia 
npuxasasifl Aarjiia. Ctaep^ a jorxi oKasajincb o6x.ej,HBeaBbiini no 
CBOiiMX. aaxepecaMT.. Akxx. rep6oBOMX> cSopfe ;],0JiJKeBX, 6bi.n> 
BCTynaxb btj ca.iy 1-ro aoaSpa 17G5 r. Bo iiaornxX) KOJioaiax^ 



TEOPri) BAOlHHrTOHT,. 39 



HacejieHie co^kfjio coajibi cb repSoeofi oyMaroft m Bsajiocb 3a 
opyacie, xaKt nw anrjiincKiH napjiaMeHTT> BUHyjKj^eHt dbiJi'L ox- 

MtHHTb HeHaBnCTHUfi aKTl. Ho BSaMtflX. 3T0r0 06.103KeHbI SUJIH 

noniJiHHaMn nanna, KpacKa h naii, npnBOSiiBiuiecH hst. AhoIh. 
OqeBHAHO, ito Meiponojim ne oopamajia HHKaKoro BHUjiaHia Ha 
npasa KOJiOHifi caMHMi. HasHa'iaib iioiujiHHbi n najiorH. Ko.iOHiii 
noHiraajiii, qxo riexni;iflM0 Atjiy He noMoaceuib, ii ptmujiH He npn- 
HHMaxb KT) ceot aHrjiiilcKHXTr xoBapoB'b, sa Koxopbie BSHMajHCb 
nomjinHiii. 3xa Mtpa nwlijia bx, BH^y y^apuxb no KapMany anrjim- 
CKHXX> KyunoBTj u npimyAHXb hxX) Ao6nxbca oxX) CBoero iipaBH- 
xejibCXBa oxM'feHH nouiJiHHX,. BaiuHHrxoHX., ropaTO coiyBCXBOBaBniifi 
axoft Mipt, npHHHjn. /itaxejibHoe yqacxie bt, ea npoBeAeniH. 

IlpaBjia, BamBHrxoHX) 6ujn> bx> mojioaocxh HCKpeHHHM'b mo- 
HapxiicxoMx>, n CHMnaxia kx. AnrjiiH n ea yqpeffi;];eHiaMX> rjiySoKO 
KopeHiiJincb btj ero upHpoAt; ho eu],e 6ojibme ohx. jiioShjii. cboio 
poAiiny H Bceio Aymon cxoa.ii> sa coxpaneHie ea nojinxH'iecKnxx. 
BOJibHccxefi. Ha nepBbixx> nopaxx. o^inaKO BamnnrxoHx> Sbijii 
npoxHBX> oopbobi ex. opyacieM-b bx pyKaxx,, xaKx> KaKX> naAtajica 
MHpHbiMX. nyxeMx yjia;urrb oxHomeflia aiejKAy AnrjiieH n KOJioHiaMii. 
Hs^ Bcfexx MHpHbixX) cpeAcxBx> 6opb6bi HaHoojilie BipHmiX) Kasajiocb 
eiuy B03ji,epiKaeie oxx> noKyoKH aHrjiificKnx^bxoBapoBX),o6jioyKeHHHXx> 
noniJinHaMH. Ohx> caMX>, oMtcxt c^ ;i,pyroMx cboumx> MacoHOMX>, 
Bbipa6oxajix. ciicxejiy BosAepjKaHia h npe;i,cxaBiiJix> cboh npoeKxx. 
3aK0Ho;i,axejibH0My co6paHiK) BaprHHin. HpoeKX-b SbiJix. npHHaxx, 
II Bcfe 'LieHbi coopania noAiiBCKoii o6a3ajiHCb ne noKyaaxb oojio- 
aceHHuxx, nomjiHHaMH xonapoBx, KpoMt Kpanne neooxoAHMbixx 
:iJi5i JKHSHH. SaxtMx ycxaBx. oOmecxBa B03ji,epacaHia 6biJix> oxneqa- 
xaHX> u pa30CJiaHXD no BctMx> KOJiOHiaMx>. TaKHMx> o6pa30MX) CHCxeaia 
B03AepacaHia pacnpocxpaEHJiacb no Bcefi cxpant n aBnjiacb nep- 
BbiMx, maroMX> kx> o6xje;^BHeHiio kojiohIh. CaMX. BamnHrxoHX> cxporo 
npuAepacuBajica axon cucxeMU; B'b jtoait ero nejibsa 6hijio Haflxn 
Hu o/iHoro hstj 3anpem,eHHbixx. npoAyKxoBX, aaace laio, ji,o koxo- 
paro OHx> 6biJiX) oojibuioft oxoxhukx>. 

Coobixia npEHEiiajin Jiajio no Jiajiy Bce 6oji'£e 3JiOB'fem,iH xa- 
paKxepX). Bx) BocxoH'fe h jtpyrnx'b ropo;i;axx> Hoboh Anrjiin pas- 
ciaB.ieHLi 6biJin BoficKa aKO 6u A^a noAAep/Kania nopa^Ka; npa- 
cyxcxBie 0xx> KpafiHe pasApajKajio HacejieHie. Bx> Mapxi 1770 r. 
bxj BocxoHt npoQsomxo cxojiKHOBeeie MeacAy cojiAaxajia a napo- 
AOMx (oocTOHCKaa p't3Ha), BbiaBaBiuee no Bcett cxpant Cypio ne- 
roAOBaHia, u bo MHornxx> iitcxaxx. natiajiH BXMXOMOjiKy roxo- 



40 'AimUh 3AMtqATEJILHHX'b JIH)JI,EH, 



BHTLca KTi BOHHi. Bt. to-ikg BpeMfl aHrjiificKiS napjiaMeHTT, bh- 

ByaCAeHI. SUJIT) OTMtHlITb HtKOTOpblH nOUIJIHHLl H nOHHSHTb 

nofflJiQHy Ha ^afi, Taiv^b KaK-b cncieMa BoajcepacaHia npHquHiiJia 
6o.itraie yOuTKH aHr.iiiicKoii ToproB.ib. Haji.'bacb Bt bujt btofo 
npo^aTB CBOH nail bt, AiiepuK'fe, o,T,Ha ocTi.-HHji,cKaa KOiinaHifl ot- 
upasn.ia 031. AnrJiiH Bt BocTont ntcKOJibKO Kopao.iefl, narpy- 
aveHHbixi. qaeMt. Ho 6octohi;h h cjuiuaTb ne xoxijiQ noKynKt 
naa jto xixt nopt, noKa ne Sy^yit OTM-feHeHU Bcfe noinjiiHH 
6e3t HCKJifoqeHia, h Tpe6oBajin y^a-fieHia KopaSjefi nst raBann. 
Ho laKt KaKt Kopa6jin ne yjajiajincb, to Honbio 18-ro jieKaCpa 
1773 r. 6ocTOHn,H, nepeoj.tTbie iiHAtSi^aMu, B3o6pajiHCb na ko- 
paojiii n BMopocHJiH Becb nm Bt Mope. Bt HaKaaanie 3a 9T0Tt 
nocTynoKt anrjiincKiii napjiaMeaxt ii3j;ajit aKit, saKpbiBaBmiii 
rasaHb BocTOHa ct 1-ro iioHa 1774 r. na neonpejfejieHHoe BpeMa. 
jl;i,]i.o 3am.io na aioTt pa3t cjiBuiKOMt AaJieKO, ii Bcfe kojiobuii 
noqyBCTBOBa.iH, qio cymecTBOBaniH) Mxt rpo^nxt oriacHocib. Bt 
Mai 1774 r. codpajiocb saKOHOAaxejibHoe coopanie Bnprnnin n 
npoxecTOBajio npoxnBt 3aKpbiTia raBann BocxoHa, nocxanoBHBt 
1-oe iiOHa npoBecxn Bt nocxt 11 MOJiaxBi ct n.'fejbio oxBpaxnxb 
yrpoaiaiomyK) onacHocxb. He CMOxpa na xpeSoBaHic rySepnaxopa. 
Hxo6bi coopanie pasom.iocb, oho npojiOJiJKaJia cboii 3ac'b;];aHia Bt 
ji;pyroMt Mtcxt h ptmHuo cnecxacb ct jtpyrmm KOJiOHiaMH, npe^- 
jiaraa KaKt mojkho CKopl^e co3Baxb KOHrpeect nejieraxoet oxt 
Bcixt KOJiOHifl. Mbicjib xaKOMt KOHrpeect BnepBbie BbiCKa3aHa 
6biJia (|>paHKJiHH0Mt yace paHLiue. Ho Bt axoxt MOJiesxt Konrpecct 
aBJia.ica HacymnoK) Heo6xo;i,aMOcxbio. 9xo npeKpacHO noHHMajit 
BaniHHrxoHt, acHO B0;i,tBmiH, ^ixo Bt oxHomeHiaxt KOJionin ct 
MexponojiieH nacxynnjit Kpasact, n nxo Heo6xoAHMO AifiexBOBaxb 
sneprHiHO. «al ne 6epycb CKaaaxb, — nacajit Bt 9xo Bpesia Ba- 
mnnrxoHt oji^oMy iisxj CBOHXt ;ipy3eH, Koxopuii ou.it ropaqQiit 
npHBepjKenneMt aHRuificKaro peaiiiMa h BparoMt onno30uin, — ■ 
Tjxt ji,ojiJKHa obixb ifpoBeji,eHa norpaHHimaa 'lepxa iieacAJ BejiH- 
KoSpHxaHieii 11 KOJiOHiaMii; ho a yo-fe/KjeHt Bt xojit, ^ixo xaKaa 
nepxa ;i,ojiH£Ha Sbixb npoBejiena, u naniH npasa ;i,oji^hbi Shtb 
ToqHO onpeA'bjieHbi. il .unqno mejiajit om opeAocxaBPiXb p-feraenie 
9xoro cnopa noxoMKasit. Ho xenepb nacxajit KpnxiiqecKiFi MOMCHXt, 
Kor^a Mbi ji,oji3KHbi oxcxoflxb Hamii npaBa hjih ace no;i,nHHHXbca 
BcaKHMt Hajioraiit, Koxopbiiin 6yAyTt o5jiaraTb nact, ao xtxt 
nopt, noKa oubiqaii 11 npHBuqiai ne c/itjiaioxt nst nact iiOKop- 
Hbixt II npesp'beHWxt pa6oBt.» 



TEOPri) BAETHHrTOHl.. 41 



5-ro ceHTaSpa KOHrpeccL AOJUKeHi. 6hWh codpaTbca Bt $njia- 
;];eJib(|3iH. Bt illicit naxu jteaeraTOBi. oit BaprnHiH HaxoAO-nncb 
BamnHrTOHt n llaTpHKi. renpii, OAnHT, iisi. nanoo.Tfee Bb^aio- 
mnxcfl no6opHnKOBT> aMepHKaHCKofr cboQoah. 

nepBLiii KOHTnHeHiajiBHbiii KOHrpeccb 6hui> Bonioiu.eHieM'b na- 
ilionajibHaro e^QHCTBa KOJioHifi, xota eme jiOBO.nbHO cjia6aro. Koh- 
rpecct nepBbiMb Ao.irojn> npucTymun. K-b oocyacAeHiio Jitpi) RJia. 
Toro, 'iTOObi BMBecTH cxpany hsi. KpnieqecKaro nojiojKeHia. Pt- 
meno ou.io cociaBHTb accouiauiK) npoTnBT> BBOsa ii noTpeojienia 
aHrJiificKiixT, lOBapoB-b ii BbiBoaa HtKoiop&ix'b aMepHKancKHXi. 

TOBapOBT> BT. AHFJlilO M BTj TO-aCG BpeMfl OTIipaBHTb BOSSBaHie Kl. 

aer.iiiicKOMy napo/iy ii ki. nacejieHiio anr^iincKHXTj KOJiOfliii bi> 
Ajiepnirb, a Kopo-iio AHrjiin nocjiaTb BtpHonoj^j^aHnqecKifi ajipecb. 

Bo BpeMa npeHifi Korpecca BaiuHHrioH'B roBopuji'b cqeHbMaJio 
PI Sojibuie ji,epaca.icfl bi, xtHii. Ho nio oh'b OKasuBa.i-b BJiiJiHie na 
Bct nocTaHOB.ieeia KOHrpecca, Bn,T;no iistj cjitnyiomaro 9un30ji,a. 
nocjit KOHrpecca kto-to CBpociijn> naxptiKa reHpu,Koro ua^^.ie- 
HOBT. KOHrpecca OHt cniixaexx. nanooate BWAaiomnMCfl. TeHpn 
oxBtxn.n>: «Ec.iu bh roBopnxe o KpacHopfciin, xo MHCxepx. Pyx- 
jieAJKTj na-b IOjkhoii Kapojinnbi necoMH-fcHHO cajibifi Bbi;i,aion],iiica opa- 
xop'B. Ho ecjiri bh roBopuxe o cojuuHbixx, cBtji.iiHiflX'b a s^pa- 
bomij cyHCAeHJH, xo caMWMx. BH^aioinuMca cjitAyeTX. c^mxaxb noji- 
KOBHHKa BauiHHrxoHa hsX) DHprimia*. 

He CMOxpa na samnxy npaBX) KOjiOHiii bt> najiaxt JiopAOBX, 
EnxxoMt, KOJioHiajibHaH nojinxuKa Feopra IH nocjit axoro se 
HSxitHDJiacb ktj jiyqmeMy. Anrjiifl cawa no;i;3ajiopHBa.iia CBon ko- 
jioHiu Ki) Bonnt n nomjia na npininpeHie xojibko xor^a, Kor^a 
6hjio yace cjihuikomX) noajiHO. 

Me3Ka,y xisi-b Bct ciBepo-aMepHKancKiH kojiohih AHoin iicnoA- 

BOJIb rOXOBHJIHCb Kt BOHH'li. Bx. BuprHHlH CCj}0pMHp0BaJI0Cb Ht- 

CKO.ibKO oxpHji,OBX) noAi> npeAJioroMT> npeAcxoaBuiefi 6yAXO-6H 
BofiHbi ex. iiHA'fenn.aMH. O(|)0n,epbi axnxxj oxpaAOBX) oieHb qacxo 
oopamajiiicb 3a ooBtxaMii kx> BamnnrxoHy, Koxopbifi oxoxho no- 
Morajix. CBOiisinyKasaHiflMu ii .imHO o6ytiaJiX)Xli njiii;i,pyrieoxpaAH. 
AnrjiiiicKoe npaBiixeabcxBO oanaKo ne ji,aBajio oxBtxa na pesojiio- 
u\k) KOHrpecca. Bt> Maccaiycexct ponoxx. 6M.x'b oco6eHHO cnjieHij 
BT. BHAy xoro, Tixo rySepnaxopxj axofi kojiOhih, FaAiKX), 6biJi'b ynoji- 
HOMOieH'b BBecxn nap.iaMenxcKie aKXbi bx> atficxBie npn noMomii 
BoeHHofi ciuM, Bx. BnprntfCKOMx. coopanin naxpnKX) Penpn xpe6o- 
Bajn> BoeHHOH oSopoHH cxpanbi: «npQ3biBX> kx. opyaciio u oSpamenie 



42 3KH3Hb SAM'fiqATEIIBBLlX'B JliDJlEVl. 



Ki> Bory BOHHCTB^, — BOTT) Bce, qio HaMTj ocTajiocb! » BOCKJinKHy.n> 
OHt btj KOHut cBoeii pii^n. BauiHHrxoH'L ropyTio coiyBCiBOBaji'L 
FeHpn n 6uji'h BtiSpaH'B Bb kommiicIk), Koiopaa ;];oji/KHa 6biJia -sa- 
HHTbCfl opraHHsaiiiefi oSopoHM CTpasbi. 10-ro iiaa B-b <l>ajiaAeJib(|)iH 
BTopnqHO jiojiaceHi. obun, codpaibca Konrpeccb, h bt^ nncili Bnp- 
riiHCKnx'b jiejieraTOBT, onaib naxo/iHJiCfl BamHHrioH'b. Ohtj lenepb 
yjKe flCHO noeHMajii., mo npiijieTCfl ex opyaiieMi b^ pyKaxi. 
oTCxaHBaTb npaBa cBonx'b corpajK;i,aHi.. «fl npHHajii) iBepj^oe pt- 
menie, — nucajii. OH-b CBoeMy Opaiy ABrycinHy, — bt. ciyqat ea- 
ji,o6HocTn nojKepTBOBaxb CBoen mHSHbio h cbohmx. cocxoflmeM'b 
paji;u jifkjia., btj KoxopoMX> mh xauxj rjiyooKO sannxepecoBaHLi*. 

B^ ciBepHLixt K030HiHxx>, ocoSeHHO B'b Maccaqycexct, qpes- 
BbinaHHO ji,'hflxe.ibHO roxoBBJiicb K'b BoiiH'L Fenepaji'L TdXAVb, 
BpeMeHHwfi r.iaBeoKOiiaH/iyiODUH 5pnxaHCKnxx> bohckij bx, Amb- 
pnKt, naqajiT) cxarnBaxb cbok) apMiro bxj BocxoHx..r3AacX) pifflfl.Tb 
paspyiupixb CKJiaji;!) aiiepHKaHCKaro opyacia bx> KoHKopA'fe n ch 
3X0K) ui^bio Be'iepoMT. 18-ro anp't-ia Bbicjiaji'b ii3x> Bocxona oxpHAt 
bx> 900 qejioBtKi., noiixj Hana.ibcxBoiix. noJKOBHHKa Cimxa. Ho 60- 
cxoHUbi npoB-feAa-iH oo'b axoMX. njiant, a xaKJKe HaaitpeHin ape- 
cxoBaxb H'bcKOJibKnxX) aMepnKaHCKnxT> naxpioxoB'b, u no^HflJifl xpe- 
Bory. E^Ba ycnt.!!, Cnnxx. BHcxynaxb nax. ropoAa, KaKX) na Bctxx> 
oocxoHCKHX'b KOJioKOJibHflxi noflBHJiMCb cnxHajibebie ({)OHapn, u 
CKopo CO BctxT) cxopoHx> Haqajin AOHOCHXbca iiymeqEbie Bbicxptabr, 
npeAyn,^e/K;iaBmie oKpecxHoe Hace.xeHie o6t> oriacHocxH. Bi> Jle- 
KCUHrxoH'fe CMnxx> Bcxptxnjica ex, BOopyaceHHUMx, oxpa^oiix, axie 
pHKaHueBT>, Koxopbifi OAHaKO ace pascfeajica nocjili nepBaro pyacefi- 
aaro sajina, ;iaBHaro aHonqaHaMir. HpiiobiBx, bx> KoHKopax., 
Cmhxx> aamejix, ero 3aiii,nmeHHbiMX, oxpaAOMx> bx> 500 qejiOBtKX>; 
KX> xoMy me aMepHKaHi],bi ycntjin ySpaxb rjiaBHyio Maccy nopoxa 
11 opyjKia Bx. ;tpyroe iitcxo. CMuxy npauiJiocb oxcxynaxb B'b Bo- 
cxoHx,. npaqeMX, aa KaacAOMX, mary oxpa^x. ero nonBeprajica aa- 
nafteaiaMX) aMepaKaaneBX.. KajKAufi aom^, Kaavjbnl npiiropoKX. 
KajK^oe ;],epeBO no ^oporb CKpbiBa.iu ojKecxoqeaabixx, aMepnKaa- 
ueBX,; pyjKeiiabie Bbicxptjm BbixoAn.in cjiobbo iiab-noAX. aeaiJiH. 
^ocxiirayBX) .leKcnarxoaa, oxpaji,x> Cianxa oSpaxa.ica bx. oesno- 
pajtoqaoe ofcrcxBO, ae CMOxpa aa nojiocaiiBuiee no;i,Kp'fen.xeaie. Amc- 
pHKaai^H ;i,o xoro nujia.iii jKa>Kfloft mocxh, qxo an nyuiKH, an 
qnc.ieaaocxb noj^Kptmieaia (2,()00 qejioBtKX>) ae 0Ka3HBajia aa 
BHXx> A'biicxBifl. Aar.ieqaaaM'b iipmnjiocb oxcxyniixb, xaKx, Kaicb 
asMbicJinMo ObiJio npoAOJi^Kaxb 6opb6y ex. aeBiiAiniuMXj BparoMX>; 



rEOPP'b BAumnrTOH'B. 



jcpaHcaBiuHMca na Jianept imji.'feSueB'i,. HtcKOJiLKO coti> aHrjiaqaHt 
jocTajiocb Ha Mtcii, Bii 3tott> aghl aMepHKancKaH ceodoAa nojy- 
qnjia CBoe nepBoe KpoBasoe Kpememe, HaiajiacL ajiepiiKaHCKaH 
peBOJirouia. 

IIojiyqHB'B iisB-fecTie o 6nTBt iipn JTeKCHHrxoHt, BamHHrTOHT> 
npHHiijn> TBepj^oe ptmenie cpajKaibca sa nonpaHHua npasa CBoefi 
po^nHH. «BejiHKoe Hecqacxie Biiatib, KaKT. iieqi dpaxa BoHsaeica 
BT> rpyAB 6paxa, n cosnaBaxt, ^ixo 9xh ntKoraa cqaciJiHBHa b 
jiupHLia nojia AMepoKn j^ojijkhbi 6bitl hjhi o6arpeHH KpoBbio, hjib 
Hace.ieHw padaMH. HeiajiBHaH ajiBxepnaxMBal Ho Moacexx.-Jia no- 
pa;ioqHbiri qeaoBiK'b Ko.ieoaxbca b'b CBoesi-b BbiSoptV))— xaKi. nn- 
cajT, ohtj bx. 3X0 BpeMa o^HOMy h3x> cbohx'b jiohaohckhxx> Jipyseft. 

Bxopoti KOHrpeccb, oxKpuBiuinca 10-ro aiaa 1775 r., noHHMaa, 
qxo Ha^o Bo-Bpeiia BOcnojibSOBaxbca SHxysiasMOMX) Hacejienia, xox- 
qacx. npiicxyniiJix. kt> BbipaSoxKi cncxejjbi Hai];ioHajibHOH oSopoHH. 
BaiunarxoH'b npej;c'feAaxejibcxBOBajn> btj kommhcIu. MsSpanHon AJia 
9xofi Ti:ljin. BjiaroAapa onbixHOCxa n npaKxnqHocxii BamimrxoHa, 
KOMMiicia cKopo CDpaBiiJiacb co CBoefi saja^ieW, PtuieHO olijio He- 
Me3,JieHH0 Ha6paxb 10 hojikobX) bxj pasHbixx. KOJiOHiaxx> u npn- 
coeAHHHXb nxx. kx. Jinjinixin Hoboh Aarjiiii, yace cxoaBiuefi no;i;x> 
BocxoHOM-b, Koxopuii HaxoAHJica bx. pyKaxx> aHrjrHnaHX>. Jl^Jia. no- 
Kpwxia BoeHHbTXX. pacxoilOBx, piiueHO obuio Bunycxaxb SyMa^Hbia 
;i,eHbrH na cyMMy 8 Mnji.iioHa AOJiJiapoBXi. KoHxuHenxajibHaa 
apMia n ea rjiaBHOKOMaHAyromifi, Koxoparu eme npe^cxoajio bh- 
opaxb, AOJiJKHbi 6biJiH no^qimaxbca Koarpeccy, KaKx> BepxoBHOMy 
yqpeHCAeHiro cxpanu. 

Xoxa HacejieHie Hoboh AnrjiiH iiepBoe cxBaxnjiocb 3a opyacie, 
HO OHO He npexennoBajio, qxo6bi rjiaBHOKOMaHAyromin dujii, bm- 
opaHXj 113X. ero cpeAM; aeJisraxw oxx> HoBofi Anrjiin na Konrpeccfe 
nepBbie npeAJio»:njiH BwSpaxb KaH^HAaxoMx. na 9xy ji;0JiH;H0cxb 
BamiierxoHa, iiOHBMaa, qxo BH6opx. rjiaBHOKOMaH;iyK»Hi,aro 03x> 
Coraxaro n BjiiaxejibHaro lora eme CHJibH-fee npnBHJKexx, lO/KHHa 
KOJiOHin K'L oomejiy j\1^jij. KpoMt xoro na 9xoxx> nocxX) cxfeAo- 
Bajio naSpaxb qe.ioB'bKa, KoxopLiiJ jiii'mHiiti cbuhmh ji,ocxGHHcxBaMii 
Morx.-6Li 3aMtenxb He;i,ocxaxKii BocHHoii opraHH3aHin. Bamimr- 
xoHx. V'/Ke 6biJix> 'leJOB'fcKx. onbixHbiil n noKasajix. bo spejia boiihh 
cx> (|)paHn,y3aMH, cx^ KaKHMii rpojiaAHbiMn xpyji;HOCxaMii ohx. yaitexb 
cnpaB.iaxbCH. He 6jiecxain,ie xajianxbi BHABHHyjie BamiiHrxoHa, a 
rjyooKiii, oocxoaxe.ibHwn y.MX,, cu.xbHaa Bo.ia, xepntaie ii bli- 
coKie HpaBcxBeHHbio npHHuniibi. 9xo BbiSBajio lex, neiay o6m.ee 



44 5KH3Hb SAMtMATEJIbHHX'L JIIOitEff. 

ysajKeHie ii yotjKjtenie, iito oh'l mojkgt'l pyKOBOAHTb AtncTBiaMii 
jipynixt .iio;i,en. KoHeqso. He MajiyH) pojib iirpaio ii SoraiCTBO 
BamiiHrxoHa, jiiaBaBiuee ejiy eosMOiKHOCTb cjiyaciiTb oesT, -/Kaio- 
eaHba, Bcb am cooSpaHcema nooyAciJiH Konrpeccb ej^HHor.iacHO 
H:^5paTb BauinnrxoHa r.iaeHOKOMaHji.yiomnMT. aMepiiKaHCKoii upMin. 
BupajKaa Koarpeccy o.iarojtapHocTb 3a Be.inKyio qecxb, OKa^aHHyio 
eiiy, BauinnrTuH-b Meai;;];y npoiQM'b CKasajiT,: «TaK'b KaKi. ycnixt 
He Bcerjta OTBt^iaexT) 0JKHj],aBiaMX., to a o6x>aBJiaK) cero^Ha cb 
BejiH'iaiiiueu oxKpoBeHHocxbio ii ucKpenHOCxbio, mo He nyBctByio 
ceda cnocooHbiM'b BLinojiHnTb axy cjiOHCHyio saAa'iy. ^x6 ace Ka- 
caexca SKajiOBaHba, xo iipoiuy coopanie noBtpnxb uai, ixo a ae 
jKejiaio HSBJieicaxb anKaKHXx. AOXo;i;oB'b iisX) CBoero nojioaceHia, 
TaKT) KaK'b HaKaKie paacqexw Ha Bbiroji;y ae Morjin 6bi iiooyjaxb 
Meaa npimaxs axoxi. xajKejitifi nocxi. u oxKasaxbca otx> AOMamaaro 
cnoKoScTBia u c^iacxba». 0(|K{)HniajibHO B03BeAeHHbiii bt> 'hibx, 
reaepajia ii iiaopaHHufi rjiaBHOKOMaHAyioiUHiii, BamiiHrxoHx> 
oxnpaBH.ica bt, ;^il^cxByIOI^yIO apMiio, cxoaBiuyio no;tx. BoctohomX). 

Pa3x.apeHHwe uesxaKxabiMii a'feftcxBiaMU r3;iJKa, aMepHKaHii,H, 
BT. qncit 1500 'lejioBtK'b, noA'b Haqa.ibcxBOMX. resepajia IlyxHaMa, 
oxxkin-iHCb oxX) apMiH, ocajKAaBuieii BocxohX), saxBaxujin xojiMbi 
OKOio raBana n yKp'fenH.iiHCb xaii^. Anrjinqaae ex. Bejiii'iafiuiHMX) 
xpyjOMX) 11 SojibiuHMn uoxepaMU BbrrtcHiiJiu a3iepiiKaHii,eBX> ex. 
9X0 H no3imiH, Bce oojibe n oo-xfee yotsK^aacb, qxo ne xaKx.-TO 
jierKO niitxb ji:hjiO cx> aMepHKaHCKiiim «o6opBaHuaM[r». 

2-ro ifojia Baranarxoa-b irpiidbiJix. bx> KaMopuAHCx., rj,'fe aaxoAH- 
jiacb oaBHaa Boeaaaa Ksapxapa aMepuKancKoii apMin. HapoAX> 
Bes^t xopjKecTBeHHO Bcxp'feqaji'b ero, apMia xaK'/tKe npuHaaa ero 
cep^eqao. 3xo oqeab o6oApii.io BauiimrxoHa h yKptnQ.io ero Btpy 
BX) ce6a. 

Bx> 8X0 Bpeim qHcio aHrjinqaax. aoxo^h-io ao 12,000 qejio- 
B'tKX; aMepHKancKaa apjiia npocTiipajiacb ao 15,000 n 6biJia pac- 
noJioJKeHa okojio Bocxoaa bx> Bnut A-^nnaaro nojiyKpyra. BainnHr- 
xohxj obiJi'b xoro MH'liHia, qxo aMepHKannaMx^ ciiAOBaio 6u iiM'txb 
apMiK) no qncjieHHOCxii s^Boe oojibmyio, q'bMX> nenpiaxeJibCKaa; ho 

nOKa aXO OHJIO A^JIOUX. HeB03M0JKHbIMXj; C03BaHHbiri U.MX> BOeHHUfl 

coBtxx. phuiHJix. yBe.mqnxb apMiio no lipafmefi xM'bpt jio 22,000 
qeJiOBtrcxi ii oopaxnxbca kx. KOioHiaMX) HoBofi Anr-iin cx> npocbooii 
no BoaMOJKHOCTir CKopbe nonojinaxb aroxx. HeAOcxaxoKX> peicpyx- 
CKHMX. Haoopoii'b. 

Iloc.xt axoro liainnHrxoH'b sanaxca BupaOoxKoii aoearo n.iaHa 



rEOPrT) BAinHHrTOHt. 45 



BoeHHon opraHH3ai],i0, CTapaacb ycTpaanTb amorie ne/iocTaTKn, 
KOTO])HMu cxpajiajia apMin. BaJKH'MuiHM'B hst, sthxij He;i,ocTaT- 
KOBi) 6ujio OTcyiCTBie jtncuHnjiHHH, hoo y Ka^Aott Ko.ioEiii Ohjih 
CBO0 BoeHHwe saKOHBi, HHOrAa npaMO iipoTHBoptyiiBmie npyrt 
APyry; cojijisltu jko n 0({)HiiepLr HHqero ne xoxtjin snaTt 061. 
o6iii,HXT> iipaBHJiax'Ln pyKOBOji,0jiiaci> cbohmh aiicTHBiMH saKOHaMii 
H KOHTpaKxaMii,. saK.iioqeeHbDiii usui npn nocxynjieHin na cjiy:K6y. 
IIocTaHOBjeHifl KOHrpecca nrnopiipoBajincb; o(|)0i];epaMi; nasHa- 
qeHHLiMX) KOHrpeccoMi,, ne iiOBiiHOBajiiicB. IIpHBbiKHyBi y ce6fl 
jioiia. K'b caMoyiipaBJieHiio, cojiAaibi xortjio caMH iiaonpaxb o(|)h- 
iiepoB'b, He npn.BHaBajin oSiuhx-b AncunnjiHHapHbix'b npasHnx., 
a 3X0 npoBojiii.io kt> HecKOHHaeiMbiMT. SesnopajiKaMi. b-b apjiiii. 
BaninHnoHy cxohjio BeJiiniaflmaro xpyji,a saBecxa bx. BoiicKiiXOXb 
HtKOxoptifi iiopa/loKx,; npnxojin.iiocb nocxoHHHO jiaBiipoBaxb jieaijy 
;i;e.MOKpaxn'iecKiiMii ^lyBcxBaMH apMin 11 xpeuOBaHiaMii BoeHHoii 
aucmin.iHHH, H Jinmb btj caMbixx. KpafiHiixx. cjiy^iaaxx. ohT) npii- 
dtraJiX) KTb ciiJi'li a-ih Dpectqenia Heypfl^aiix. BaiiinnrxoHx, Bcer;i,a 
cxapajicfl noA'lificxBOBaxb na cboiixx. coji^axX) paayMHtiMii ji,obo- 
jiaMii, nsaaraeMbDin bx> ocoolixx. npniiaaaxx, no apMiii. Kxj npe;i,- 
BaflxbiM-L MH'£HiflMX> 11 npe;i;pa3cy;i,KaMXj ohx, oSnapyjiiHBa.in. cawyio 
mnpoKyio xepiiiiMOCXb. Ohx> cxapa.ica cocxaBJiaxb hojikh ii3x> coji- 
aaxx,. npHHaflJieacaBmiixx> Kt o;i:hoh ii toh me KCiOHin 

TaK'b Kain> apMin OHJia opraHtiaoBaHa na CKopyio pyKy,xo bx> 
Hen omyma-xca SoJibiuofi Hej,ocxaxoKT> btj najiaxnaxx^, njiaxb-fe, 
opyjKin II oaBHOe bx. nopoxt. BamuHrxoHX. He Morx, 6e3X) yjKaca 
nyMaxb xoMX), KaKaa y^iacxb nocxiirjia 6bi eru apiiiio, ecjinobi 
Heiipiflxe.ib BB^yMajix, ;i,axb reHepaJibHoe cpaacenie. Bparx. bchkoh 
ia{0, OHX, BBiHyjKAeHXj 6hWh jiraxb bx, ;];aHHOMx> cjiyqat ii pacnpo- 
cxpaejixb cpe;],n OKpecxnaro HacejieniH JiOiKHbie ciyxii. ^xo6h 
Hcx0Ha KaKXi-HiioyAb ne Aouijia ao aerjiiiqaHX,. 

Bcii axn HeaocxaxKii apaiiu bobji(?k.ih BaiimHrxoHa bx> oSmnp- 
Hyio nepeniicKy ex. KOHrpeccoMi,, Koxopbiii ex, 6ojibmnMx, iiHxepe- 
:oMX, oxHocn.icH kx> jiooaAaMx,, nocbJiaMX, n npoeKxajix, rjiaBHO- 
;:oMaH:i;yK)iu,aro. Ho xisixj ne aiente I^amnnrxoHx, ^oJiroe BpeiviH 
ae iMorx, aooiixbch ycnjieHia BoeHHoii B.iacxii ii npuAJiema cpoKa 
iOCHHoii cjiyjKObi. KaKx, hcxohho /i,eMOKpaxniiecKoe yqpeJK;i,eHie, 
XOHrpeccx, Kpaflne no;io3pHxeJiLHO oxhochjich kx, iMbicnH o no- 
DxoflHHoii apjiiH kx, ycnjiemio Biacxn r.7ia(!HOKOMaH;];yioni,aro. 
poKOMx, BoeHHofi cjiyacObi Konrpeccx, cnaqajia Ha3HaqiiJix, oahhx, 
ro^t; HO BX, o,T,0Hx, ro;i,x, neBosMOiKHO Shjio Ha;^jie}Kaiii,nMx, o6pa- 



46 'AiaSEh SAM'BflATEJItHblX'L JIIOHEH. 

30M1. oSy^HTb coiAan., u ohh, ej^na npoBbiKHyBi. ki, BoeHHOMy 
jLiy, noKHAa.i0 ciyacSy, TaKT> qio Ka-zKAwtt roAt npnxoAUJiocb 
uM-feTb a'Ljio cb coBepmeHHO HeonbiTHWMn HOBo6paHa,aMH. Bamnsr- 
TOH-b HacxaHBaJi'b na Tosn,, nioSbi cpoKT. BoenHon ciyaiSbi Sbuii. 
npo;i,jieH'b na xpn rona, ho Koerpeccb ^ojiroe Bpeaia n cjibimaib 
061. axoM-b He xoT'feji'b. 3to CBHSUBaio rjiasHOKOMaH/tyiomaro no 
pyKaMTj H no HoraMij; HejOB^fepie K-b neaiy Konrpecca cMbso ero 
ocKop6jifl.Tio, HO om, noHnMa.i-b u ^tHUJI'b noOy>KAeHifl, pyKOBO- 
ji,HBUiifl KOHrpeccoM'b, a noxoMy hc M'liHa.Ti'b no5puxx> oxHomeHiii . 
ex. hhmtj h CBaxo co6jiK);i,ajn> Bci ero npeaniicama, xoxa 6bi 9xn j 
npeAnncanifl mm bi. paspfeax. cx> ero Barjia^aMH. • see Bpeiia j 
peBO.iiouin nn^xo ne mofjio noKOJiedaxb yBa;KeHifl BamnHrxoHa ki> \ 
rpaacAaBCKoil B.nacxn, u oht. Bcerjia 6uji'h y6'fe3KjteHX>, qxo rpajK- 
AaHCKaa BJiacxb AO.xJKHa cxoaxb bliuic BoeHHofi. Bx> axoMi. oxho- 
uieHin BaiuHHrxoH'b aBJiaexi. co6oh) oSpaaem, pacnyS.iQKaHCKaro 
renepajia, cupaBOAJinBo cpaBHiiBaeMaro ch ^oOjiecxHHMM nojiKO- 
BOAUaMii jipermocxH. 

TaKTj KaKx. KonrpeccTj obun. .niimeHX. ncno.iHHxeJibHofi BJiacxH, 
xo BainiaHrxoHy BOJien-HeBOJieii npiixoAH-iocb oCpamaxbca kx> irtcx- 
HbiMX. yqpeJKAeHiaMT^ KOJiOHift, npenMymocxBeHHO kx> saKOHOj^a- 
xejibHHMX, coopaniaMT., fl.ia ocyntecxBJieHia npeAnncaniii koh- 
rpecca: Hcno.iiHRxe.ibaaa B.iacxb Bceittao HaxoA0.iacb bt, pyKaxx. 
M'bcxHbixx> yqpeiKjieHin. Ox-b hiixx. saBnclTix, no;iB03T> aviyHnuin 
u npoBianxa, Ha3flayeHie o(f)HuepoB-b 11 x. 3.. IlepenncKa c-b MtcT- 
HbiMH yqpe5Kji,0HiaMii sacxaBiiJia BauinarxoHa npiixojaxb bx> co- 
npHKocHOBOHie ex. ocHOBHbiMii ajieMeaxaim oSmecxBeHHoii opra- 
Hiiaauin osHaKOMiixbca KaKX, nejibsa .lyqiue ex, MexaariSMOM-b 
oOinecxBeHHaro eaMoynpaB^ieHia; oxciojia ero nsyaiBxejibHaa onHX- 
Hoexb B-b rpaacAaHCKHXx, A^-iaxi,, oSaapy^KeHHaa 0mx> bo Bpeaia 
npesjHAeHxcxBa. 

B-b OKxaopt renepaji'b TaAVKt ou.i'b oxo^Baax, bt> Anrjiiio. Bo 
BpeMa BO0HM ex, (|)paHay3aM0 TaAacx, 6uji'h xoBapnmeMX, Ba- 
umnrxoHa; ho, pasyarLexea, ex, HaqaJiOM-b peBo^niouiu oxaomeHia 
MCiKJiy HHMii n3Ml.H0.iucb. YsHaBT, AypHOMx o6pameHi0 aHr.in- 
qanX) e'b njitHHMjni aMepnKaHuaam, BamaerxoH-b uucbMeHEO npo- 
enjix. TsAJKa oopaiuaxbca ct hhm0 no qe.xoB'feqecKn. TsAHCb oxB't- 
xujn. Ha axy upoebOy rpySbiM-b nncbMOM'b, fa* A0Ka3HBajix>, qio 
oGpamaexca cx> aMepHKaauaMii Jiyqaie, neace^n ohii xoro 3acjiy- 
jKHBarox-b, xaKx, Kain, hxx, Betxi. crfeAOBajio 6w nepeB-femaxb, 
Kain, MaxejKBHKOBx,. Baiunarxom, xor^a Hanoea.n^ TaAHiy, qxo' 



TEOPrt BAIJIHHrXOH'L. 47 

I CyAeTij He MeHte cypoBO odxoAHTbca ct. BoeflHonjiiHHUMH anrjin- 
! qasaMH. Ho oht, HUKor;i,a He npneoau-nt b'l ncnojiHeHie CBoefi 
: yrpo3bi, cqniaa JtypHoe oopameHie cl njitHHEJim HecoBMfecTQ- 

MHMT) CL BeJIHRHMl. J^llOMt pCBOJIIOIlill. B'L OTB'liT'L Ha HCHCeJiaHie 

jFaAJKa npesHaBaiL ero cani), BauiuHrxoH'L nucafli.: «Bli roBO- 
Ipnie, ^TO He aceJiaexe npHSHaBaiL cana, KOTopLiii ne npoHCTeKaeiL 
i 031) TaKoro JKe ncioiiHnKa. KaKX. BauiT). fl jkb ne Mory ce6t npeji;- 
j ciaBBTL 60.1^6 noiiBTHaro cana. qfeMii toil, KOTopLiii ^aeica ne- 
jnoAKynabiMT. BuoopoM'L MyavecTBCHHaro n cBo6oji,Haro napoj^a. 9to 
nepBOHaqajiLHwil poahhkT) h caMLift incibm nciotiHnK'L BcaKoB 
CHJibi H BJiacTH». Ilocji'fe OT'LiiSAa rsflaca B7i AarjiiK), raaBHOKOMan- 
flyiomHM^aHr.iincKoftapMiH B'LAMepnK'feHasHaqeH'LSLiJi'LJiopjl'Lroy. 

MejKAy itMi. Toji^'h ojiHSHJica kt^ Koauy, h jj^mh Oo.itmefi lacTH 
cojiAaT'L ncxeKaji'L cpoK'L BoeHHon cjij'm6u. BauiimrxoH-L cepLeeao 
onacajica, qxo oqyxnxca oji.iih'l b'l onycx'feBmeii'L .larep'fe, xbr-l 
KaKT) EonrpeccL. ne CMOxpa Ha Bcb ero opejicxaBJieHia, ne corjia- 
majica npojtJiHXL cpoKa cjiyiKSbi. KonrpeccL ynoBOJibcxBOBajica 
T'feM'L, qxo oxnpaBUJi'L B'L Jiarepb oco6yK» kommhcIk) mh nepe- 
CMOxpa BoeHHaro ycxasa jvin ynojiHOMO'ienia r.iaBHOKOiiaH;];yK)- 
maro .mqHo ox'l ceuji, oomumo Konrpecca, pa3Cbi.!iaxb npuKasbi 
HaSopt pcKpyx-b, OAHHM'b U3'b q-ieHOB-b axofi KOiMM0ci0 Qujii, 
BeHbHMUH'b ^paaoHHTj, cb KOxopbiM'L BauiHHrxoH'L xenepL 
6JI03KO comejica. B'L HoaSp'fe M'bcani'fe b'l jiarepb aBH.iocb jioiub 
5,000 HOBOopaHiieB'b, bm'£cxo no-mraBuiiixca 20,000! O^iHoii ns'b 
rjiaBHbix'L upnqiiH'L aie/tJieHHaro naSupa hobuu apiiin oujih j],e- 
HeacHbia Harpaj;bi. noMombio Eoxopbixi, Ko.ionin npnBJieKajiH jiKtj],efi 
Ha BoeHHyio ciyacoy. B'b pasHUX'L KOJiOHiax'b axii narpanbi 6ujia 
pasjiuqHW, a noxoMy 6'bji;Hbia kojiohIh, Koxopbia ae Morjie oS-fe- 
n];axb oojrbuioro B03HarpaHv'j;eHia, HnnaK'b He uotjih naSpaxb ao- 
cxaxoqHaro KO-inqecxBa BoficKa. Bam0HrxoH'b anepraqno B03cxa- 
Baji'b npoxHB'b xaKHX'b Harpaji.'b, n Koarpeccb sanpexnji'b iix'l. 
T'fesi'L ae MBH'fee OH'b npaKinKosajiHCL bo Bce Bpeaia BOHHbi 
cn.ibHo xopMasu.iH ji^'h.w. 

ApMia aaSapajiacb xaK'b Me^JieHHO, npaxoMx. omymajica 
xaKofi ae^ocxaxoK'b opyjKia nupoxa, qxo HeB03M0}KH0 6biJio 
axxaKOBaxb Heiipiaicia, xoxa bch cxpaaa jKejiajia npeKpameaia 
6e3jbiicxBia apMia. Bamuarxoaa Haqiiaa.iH ynpeKaxb B'b Me^Jia- 
xejiLHocxH, B'L HBj^ocxaxK'fe MyHcecxBa, [lojiojKeaie ero owjio no 
ncxi'iH'fc xparnqecKoe. Kx) cqacxbio, Jiopji.'b Toy, oKHjtaBuiiH noA- 
Kp'fenjeHiH U3'b Aar.iiii, ae HaqnHajix> BoeHUbixx. ji.'feHCXBifi, na- 



48 acri3Hb sAM'fiqATEJibeBix'L JiiojiEn. 

AtflCb, qxo aMepuKaHCKaa apiiia pacna^eTca cajia cooofi. Ba- 
mnHriOHy npnxoAiiJiocL BUTKaji^diTh ii Haji,tflTi>ca Ha Jiyqmee Sy^y- 
mee, B'L 9T0 BpeMa ki. Heiviy npitxajia ms'l Moyni'L-BepHOHa 
acGHa, CT) axuxi. iiopi. hchkvio 3HMy npoBOAHBUiaa ci> MyjKeM'B 
BT) Jiarept. 

B'L Ha^ajit 1776 r. j.'fe^a aMepHKancKOH apMia SHaiHTejbHO 
yjiyqmHJiHCb: sanact nopoxa ii opyjKia yeejin^njicfl, u KajK^tifi 
AeHb npHxoAHJiu HOBbifl napiiii HOBoopaHueBTj. BamnHrTOHi, Ha- 

KOHeUT, COSBaJIl, BOeHHHH COBill. II npeAJIOHCHJl'b OOCy^HTb II.iaH'b 

aiTaKH BocTOHa, noim Henpiaxejib He ycnijn> eme nojiyquib 
oojibuiHX't noAKptMenin. Hjian^ BainHHrxoHa coctoajii b^ tomt,, 
qioSu sasaTieMt JJ.opuecTepcKHX'L bmcotT) 6.iu3'b raBana bli- 
MaHRTb 'lacTb aHrjiiilcKofi apMia hsI) BociOHa u laKHML oopa- 
SOMX) oOjier'iHTb aMepniiaHn.aM'L aaHaxie ropOAa. BeqepoM-b 
4-ro Mapxa JI,op^iecxepcrda bucoxh ow.ih aaHHXU ii yKp'tnjieHH 
aMepiiKaHrtaMn noAt na^ajibcxBOM^ reaepajia ToMaca. IIoKa To- 
MacT. yKp'fenjiaji'b no3nn,iio, BamuHrxoHTi pacnopaAiuca oxKpHXb 
KaHoeaAy H3Tj aMepuKaacKaro .mrepa, qxoou oxBieib BHiiManie 
aarjinqaHX.. Ho Bsaxie ropoAa OKasa.iocb npome, whwh oacnAa-Tb 
r.xaBHOKOMasAyiomiii. .lopA'L Toy nojiyiBJiX) ii3x. AarjiiH npe.ii;- 
niicaaie nepeABHHyxLca co Bceii apMieii ii (j[)jioxom^ B-b oi\ua% 
HST) KJKHLixi. iiopxoBT>. Foy roxoBHJica yjKe Ki, BHCxyiiJieHiio, 
KOXAa GMy cooSmnjiii, ixo aarjiiScKiH ^jioxtj aaxoAQTca m>xb 
yrpoBOio AopnecxepcKHXTD oaxxapeu, BosABnrnyxbixij aMepiiKaa- 
n.aMn. Tor^a Toy oS-baBU-ib 6ocxoHn;aMi., qxo He cxaaex'b pa3py- 
maxb iixtj ropoAa, ecjiu aMepHKani^bi He riOMtmaiox'b BbicxynjieHiK) 
aarjimcKaro (j[)Jioxa iibtd raBaaa, pasc^JHXKiBaii na xo, ixo Ba- 
mimrxOH'b noacejiaer'b nomaAiixb ropoAT>. Ohi. ae omaSca. Ba- 
niHHrxoH'b caai-b obuiXj pa^^, 'ixo a^Jio OKoaiaxca 6631, KpoBO- 
npojinxia. 17-ro Mapxa aarjiincKiu (|)Jiox'b noKHuyrb raBaab Bo- 
cxoea, II Bi. xoxx, ^e ^eab reaepa.i'b nyxaaMx,, bo rjiaBt Asyx^ 
aMepHKiHCKHX'b AHB03iH, BCxynnjUj btj ropoA'b n saaajix. Bct 
aocxH. Ha cji'tAyiomia Aeab BCxyiiHJi'b bx> ropoA'b BamaarxoH'b, 
cepAeiiHO npHB'fexcxByeubiQ aacejreaieM'b. SaKoaoAaxejibHoe cu- 
dpanie Maccaqycexca ii Koarpeccb BbipaaiiJiu rjiaBHOKOMaaAyio- 
meny cboio OjiaroAapaocxb sa Be-iaida ero ycjiyrn cxpaat, ii b^ 
najiaxb ocBoSoiKAeHia Bocxoaa Koarpeccb npaKasa-ii. oxqeKanaxb 
sojioxyio MGAaJih Cb iiaoopajKeHiesi'b BauiHarxoHa. 



TEOPrt BAUIIIHrTOH'b. 49 



rjABA Y. 
XoA'b aMepuKaHCKOii peBOiironiM ottj Bsaiia BocTOHa ji,o coiosa ci> 

(DpaHUpieii. 

06iiJB.ieHie ueaaBiiciuiocTn Ct.Bepuou AjiepiiKit. — 3aiii,irra HBEO-IopKa 
u cpa/Kcuie npii JoHrt-Ai'i.iaHji'fe. -OrcTyiueHie BamiiHrTOna na koh- 
THoeui'ii II peopraniiaan,!}! apuiir. - OrcTyn.ieHie k'b ^e-iaeepy. — 06mee 
yerjHie.— Cpauxenie iipu TpeHToni ii IIpuHCTOHt..— BainirHrTOHi> jiiik- 
laxop't. — iJaH.'i lie 'I'iiJa;[,e.ii>(l)iii aHr.iuHaiia.Mii ii 6uTBa iipii il,yKepM3H- 
ToyHt. — oiiMuiii jiarepB b'b Bajjiefi-4'op;i,;E'fc, cxpa/iaHiH apjiiii ii n-iae't 
BaiiiuEirTOHa ;i,jik ycTpanenifl IIX^.— 3aroBopi. KoHBeii. 

Iloc.it. ocBooojK/ieHijf BocTOHa oxt aerjuiqaHt BaiuHHriOE'L 
HMtji-b B-h cnoesi'h pacnopamemH yjKe 3Ha'inTejii.HyK) apMiio, ojia- 
rojiapH ycntiiiHOMy naoopy coji;],a'n> m. KOJioniaxi. HoBofi Anrjiiu. 
OnacaflCb, qxo Toy MO/Keii. BHesanHo Haiiacxb na Hbio-IopKt, 
BamiiHrxoH'b jiBUHyjica xy^a, KaKi) xojibKo aarjiiflcKiii '{)jiox'l 
CKpujica nsi. BUAy- MejKAy xliM^ asx. KaHa3,w, Ky;];a BamnHrxoHi, 
oxnpaBiLi'L nojiKOBHUKa ApnojibAa cl neoo-ibuiaMX) bohckomt> jijih 
ji.'feficxHiii npoxnBi, KseoeKa, — iipHXOAMn cauHa 6e30xpa;];HHa 
B-fecxn. OxX) apMin, nocjiaHHoa xyjia, ocxaBajiHCb JiHUib JKajiKie 
ocxaxKH, Koxopae ue moxjiu 6h cnpaBiixbca ch CBtacHMH anrjiin- 
CKHiin CHJiaMH, oaviij^aBiuiiMnca 9xom tkq BecHOio. IIo xpedoeaHiio 
KOHrpecca, BamaHrxoH^ oxnpaBHJi'b bx. Kanajty nojiKpfenJieflie, CX) 
i;'fejibK) iioM'iiinaxb HenpiaxeJiio ripoHHKHyxb BHyxpb cxpasbi. Ji^jia. 
oScyacjieHia jtajibHtiliiiaro njiaaa BoeHHoft KaMnaniii, Heo6xo;i;HM'o 
obijio .inqHoe npucyxcxBie BaiuHHrxona Ha Kourpeccb, h qoxomy, 
Bx, KOHij.t Maa 1776 r., ohtj oxnpaBnjica bxj $0jiaAejib(|)iio. 

Bx. 9X0 Bpejia qjienbi Konrpecca Haxo;i,ii.xHCb bxj OojibinoMX. sa- 
xpyj,HeHiii. H3x> AHrjiia noJiyfieHu obiJin nsB-fecxia o toxobhocxh 
Mexponojiin iipuMnpiixbca ex, Ko.iOHiaMn, u MHorie qjienbi Konrpec- 
ca OHJiK cxopoHHHKaMii coFJiaiiieHia cx> AHrjiiefi. Ho BamimrxoHX., 
{ HenaBHO eme AonycKaBuim bosmokhocxb npiiMflpenia, xenepb 
npHMKHyjiXj KX> xoH napxin Kusrpecca, Koxopaa He acejiaia corjia- 
luenia cx> ceHX>-ji;}KeMCKHMX> Ka6HHexoMX>: rjiaBHOKOMaH^yiomifr ohjixj 
XBepAO yBipeHx>, mo Anrjiia, ne ciioxpa na Bci cboii c.xa;^Kia 
ptiii, xonexx, xojibKo Bunrpaib BpeMa ii bx> 6yAymeMb naMtpe- 
Baexcfl npoAOJiaiaxb cbok) npeacHiOK), yHoanxejibHyio juin ajiepn- 
KaHii,eBX>, iioiiHTnKy. ^xo6h BO-BpeMa noxymiirb paa^opx,, Ha- 
qnHaBuiiuca yace cpeAH qjieHOBx> Konrpecca nojtx, BJiiaHieMX) 
npoHCKOBx> Anrjiin, Heo6xo;i0MO 6hjio pa3x> Ha Bcer^a oxpisaxb 
BcaKyro B03M0HJH0CXb npHMHpeHia. BojibiunHCXBO Konrpecca ji^aBEO 

TEOPrb BAinHHrTOH'b. 4 



50 5KH3HB SAM'B'IATEJbBLIX^ .IBOJIEH. 



yme HOCHJiocL ct> Mucjitio u npoBoarjiameHiH HeaaBiicHMOCXQ ko- 
jiOHifi; TenepL ace aia sitpa KasaJiacb oco6eHHo acejiaTe.ibHOH. 
BauiHHrTOH^ ropaio CTOfljn> sa Hee, corjiamaflCb ciy BiipniHCKiiMT) 
3aK0H0ji,aTejibHbiivn. coSpaHieMB. Koiopoe nepsoe npe;];jio}KH.io koh- 
rpeccy o6T>flBHTb kojiohiii HesaBuciiMbiMH ii oS'beAHHeHebiMH mxa- 
xajiH. Biitcit Cb HaHuojite CMtjibiiiii q.ieHaMa KOHrpecca, Ba- 
m0HrTOHT> ctiHTajit ooTbflBJieHie HesaBOCHMOCTH cawbiM^b Moryme- 

CTBeHEblMT. CpeACTBOMTj, ITOOH SaCXaBQTb CHJIbflte SaXbCfl BCt 

cep;^ii,a ;i;ocxHrHyxb xoro. qxoSbi HacejieHie Hanpflr.10 Bct cboh 
CHJibi jiJia. 6opb6bi 3a Be.iBKoe a'B-io. 

HoKHHyBT) $njiaji,ejrb(j[)iio, liamnHrxoH'L BepHy.icH B-b Hbio- 
lopKi H A'feaxejibHO npiiEHJicfl 3a yKptnjieHie axoii 0031111,10. BMtcxt 
ch xtM-b eMy npauiJiocb BJiiaxb na rpaiKjiaHCKyio BJiacxb xpe6o- 
Baib no;i;aBJieHia npoacKOB'b xaKX^ Ha3biBaeMbixT> xopu. ojin xafi- 
Hbix-b npnBepjKeHueBT, anrjiiflcKaro Kopojia na aMepHKaacKofi 
iioqBt. He CMOxpa aa cboio ryjiaaHOCxb a xepnaMocxb ko BCflKaro 
po^a yCtjKjieaiaM'b, BamaarxoH'b 6uR'h cxopoHHHKOMb apecxa h 
KOH$0CKaB,in aMymecxB'b xopiacKoa aapxiu, rHi3;i,o Koxopou Ha- 
xojiajiocb btj HbK)-IopKife: 9x0 jiioAndbTJin Kpafiae onacHbi ajih e^Ba 
3apoHCAaioBi,efiCfl CBOOOjibi AiwepaKa. JI,orajii;a Bauiaarxoaa oxao- 
CHxejibHO aaM'tpeaifi aarjiaqaHi) nojtcxynaxb kt> Hbio-IopKy OKa- 
3a.i0Cb cnpaBeflJioBUMa: jme btj Koan.t iioafl aarjiiacKia (|)Jiox'b 
noflBBjiCfl nepe;!,^ Hbio-TopKOM'b, ho ae aaqnaajiTj Boeaabix'b jiM- 
cxBifi, ojK0;^aa nojtKpinjieHit 03t> Aarjiin. 

Meacjiy xfeMX) Koflrpeccb ptaiBJica aa xoxX) marX), Koxoparo 
AaBHO yjKe aijiajio aacejieaie KOJioaia: 4-ro iiojifl 1776 r, KOJioaiii 
oSx^flBJieHbi obiJiH CBOooAHMMa ae3aB0C0MbiMii laxaxaMH. 3xa 
acejiaaaaa Btcxb 6bicxpo npoaecjiacb oxxi o;i;aoro Koaiia cxpanu 
^0 ;i,pyroro Be3A'fe Bcxpfcqajiacb ex. aHxyaiasMOMX.. IIojiyqaBx. oxtj 
Koarpecca o(|)(l)0ii,iajibaoe nsBtmeaie 0613 9xomT) coSuxia. Ba- ' 
maarxoHX. BHCxpoajn> cBon bojikb h np0Ka3ajn> rpoMKO npoiecxb 
iiepeji. H0MH ASKJiapaniK) aesaBacuMocxu ctBepaofi AMepaKH, 
a nymeHHbifi cajHOxx. BO3B'bcx0Jix. Bceaiy Mipy aaqajit aoaaro 
nopa/iKa. Bohcko 6ujio oxaaueao BOcxoproMX?; AOJiro ae yaaiaa- 
ji0Cb pa^ocxabie Kpuwi h pyKoajiecKaaia. npiiKa3x> Ana, pasocjiaa- 
Hbia 13am0HrxoaoMT, no Bceiviy Jiarepiu, saKaaiaBajica cjitAyioniB- 
M0 cjioBaMB: «reBepajix> aa^texca, mo 3xo noBoe coouxie 3acxa- 
BBXT, Kaac/iaro coji^axa AtacxBOBaxb MymecxBeaao, cosaaBaa, qxo 
Ojiaro cxpaabi saBBcaxi), KpoMt. Bora, OTh ycn'fexa aamero opyacia, 
H nxo KaacAbiti b3x. bbxtj e^iyacaxx, rocyAapcxay, nivi'feioineMy cajiy 



rEOPPL BAinHHrTOHT). 51 

HarpajiHTb BCHKaro no sacjiyra&i^ ii OTKpwTb eny i^ocxynt Kt ca- 
MmMTj BMCOKHM'L noieCTaMTj». 

12-ro iiojia qacib {|)JiOTa Toy Bciynojia bt. FyjisoHi. h na^ajia 
noj^HUMaTbCfl BBepxTj no p-feKt. Toy xox'fe.i'b OTptsaxb apMiio Ba- 
meHriOHa ottj KanaAw, a Hbio-IopK^ — oti. coodmeHia cl cipaHofl, 
CKopo aeiiJicfl n Spaiij resepaJia Toy n3^ Anran cl ycjiOBiaMH 
corjiameHifl MeiponojiiH cl KOJiOHiaMH; yciOBia ain noKasHsajiB, 
qio BamHerT0HT> HHCKOJibKo He omuSajica Haciei'L HaMtpeHin 
anrjiiHCKaro npaBniejibciBa oTHOCHTejibHO KCioHifi, Bpajiii-JiH 
noAoSHbifl ycjiOBia mofjih 6bi aMtib ycniix^ n j^o oSTjEBjieHia 
HesaBHCiiMOCTH. Tenepb ate o5tj ycntxt) mhccIb Jiopjia Toy He Morjio 
6MTbH ptqn, Fenepaji^ Toy bt, aio Bpeivia 0TnpaBn;n> BamuHrTOHy 
o^(|)nitiajibHoe nacbMO, a;i,pecoBaHHoe npocio «reopry BamnarTO- 
Hy», xaKT, KaKTj npe;i,cxaBnxejib AarjiiH ae cqaxajiX) BosMOJKHbiM'b 
oxaecxHCb KT, MaxejKHHKy, aasuBaa ero «npeBocxo;i,uxejibcxBOM'b>^. 
BamuarxoHT, jkb, ae :Ke;iaa yBUJKaxb BJiacxn. noJiyqeaaoft hmT) 
0X1, Hapojia. oxKasajica npnaaxb nncbMo. Boxx> KaKX, caMi. oeii 
o6T)acHaexT> cboh nocxynoKx>: «il an 3a qxo ae noKepxBOBaji'b 6u 
cyniaocxbK) jiiia pa^n (|)opMajibaocxH; ao bt, jtaaaoMX, cjiyiaii a 
cqaxajiT, cbohm'b AOJiroMX> oxaocaxejibao Moeii cxpaaw a Moero 110- 
jioaceaifl aacxoaxb aa no;],o6aionieMT, sia'b Bbipaaceaia yBaateaifl, 
oxt qero a oxoxao oxKaaajica obi co BcaKofi jipyroa, ao ae cb 
o6mecxBeaHoi! xo^kh 3p'feaia».KoHrpecci. anojiat o^oSpnji'b noBe- 
jieaie Bamuarxoaa, reaepajn. Toy, eme paax, noxepntfix, Heyji,aqy 
npa nocM.iK'b nacbMa, npaayacjiea'b obunj c^axbca n BnpeAb aasbi- 
Baxb aMepaKaacKaro rjiaBaoKOMaa^yiomaro «ero npeBOCXOjta- 

XeJIbCXBOMX,*. 

Bx> BHAy aeasQIiffiaocxH cxcjiKaoBeaia, Bamiiarxoai, ocooeaao 
cHJibBO yKp'knnji'b ocxpoBT, Hbio-lopKi), BbicxpoHB'b aa aeMx, j^B-fe 
Kptnocxa — (|)opxTj Baraiiarxoax, a (|)opxx, .3a. Y Toy, nocjili nojiy- 
qeaifl nonKpfenjieaia, omjio 30,000 BoacKa a npeBOcxoAaHH 
(|)jiox'b; y Bamaarxoaa 3Ke 6hjio no;i,T, pyKoio Jinnib 11,000 qejio- 
BiKX>, Aa a xo ae npnBUKUiaxx. kx. Jiarepaoit JKHsaa 11 kx> j[ec]ie- 
Mna'li. Ohh qacxo Bcxynajin bt, npepeKaaia uoji.'h BJiiaaieMX> Mtcx- 
buxxj HHxepecoB'b, Bamaarxoax, cxapajica A'feHcxBOBaxb aa H0XX> 
y^tHCAeaieMX), Baymaa aMx,, qxo ecaKoe pas-iaqie aauioaajibHocxen 
npoBaania AO-iHcao acqesayxb bx. djiaropoflaon SopbOt 3a oSmyio 
CBo6oAy, ^TO Bct oaa aoji/KBH npeJKAe Bcero aayqaxbca qya- 
cxBOBaxb ceoa aMepHKaaii,aMa. Bx> Koaii'b aarycxa apxiia Ba- 
lUHarxoHa saaqaxejibBO ycBJiH.iacb noAKptnjieaiaMa, iipacjiaHaHMa 



2 /KU3Hb SAM'B^IATE.IbHHX'b JlKlJXEU. j 

nst pasjiiniBbix'L lUTaTOB'L H ;i,0CTHrjia do^th 20,000. HaKoneu^, 
reHepawitroy naqajn. BHcajKnBaxb cboh BoficKa na ojivmi, mi, Hbio- 

iopKCKHX'b OCipOBOBT), JlOHrt AlLiaHJIT), CO BCfex-b CTOpOH'b yKpfe- 

njieHHbifr aMepiTKaHiiaMn. Etj coffiajitHiio aMepiiKaHCKiii renepa.Tb 
FpnHi,, B03ji,BHraBiiiifi yKpinjieHia Ha JIonr'b-Ail.iaHjfe ii xopomo 
sHaKOMbiH ci> M'fecTHOCTbK), jioji}KeH'b6biJi'bno6oji'fe3HH nepe^aTb na- 
qajibCTBO reHepajiy XlyiHaMy, HeseaKOiiOMy ct nojiojKeHieM'b, a 
3T0 He npeABtmajio Hfniero xopomaro. II atficTBiiiejibHO, 6.iaro- 
jtapa onjioniHOCTH nyTHaMa,aMepHKaHii,biBCKoptoqyTiiJincb MeHv;iy 
.^eyxT) ornefi h oopaiHJiacb bI) oircTBO. Ha^ 3,000 aiiepHKaHueB-b 
OKOJio nojiOBHHH 6ujio saxBaqeHo bij ni'feE'b b y6nT0; npasjia, \ 
mvh npnuiJiocb imtib ]i;hjio ch 15,000-ofi anrjiificKofi apMiefi, a] 
nx-b MyacecTBO n CToiiKOCTb npnsaaHbT 6biJiH j^ayKe BparaMH. | 

BamHHrxoH'b Biij;tjn>, ito anMificKaH apiaia .lerKO Morjia ot- 
piaaib ocTpoBi) HbK-lopK'b oti. aiiepnKaHCKOQ apiviiH, a noTOJiy 

CO BCtM'b CBOHM'b BOCCKOMT, nOCH'felllllJI'b Bbica;],iiTbca Ha aiOMl) ; 

ocTpoBi. 9to OTCTynjieHie obiJio o.iecxamHM'b oSpaaoM'b aaayMano ' 
n BbinojiHeHO, npn'ieMX rjiaBHOKOMaH/iyiomin aopno naojiioji.aji'b sa 
BcfeMH j],eTa.iaMM h BTeqeHie i8-Mu qacoBT. noApaji'b He cxojinj'.'b i 
CT. JouiajiH. AHrjiH4aHe saMiiMJiii iiepenpasy na HbK-Iopicb , 
TOJiLKo Tor;i;a, Korji,a nocji'feji.Hafl Jioji,Ka iiepen.iwBa.ia qepes'b p'feKy. 
Ttiii. He MeH-fee B-b AMepHRt jmorie Sbi.in He;],0BOJibHbi o5pa303n> 
j^McTBifl BaiuiiHrTOHa h nopajKeaieMT) npn JloHn>-AHJiaHj],'fe; Ba- 
mnHrTOHTj ace ^yMajH), qxo, HecMOxpa na qncjieHHoe npeBOCXOA- 
cxBO Henpiflxejia, coupoxnBJiaxbca ohjio Heo6xo;i;HMO, qxoobi He \ 
j^eMopajiH3iipoBaxb apMiio, ii cqnxaJi'b jiyqiuiiMX. oxjfejibHbiMn cxsax- 1 
KaMii ocJiaSjiaxb h aa^epsKiiBaxb neiipiaxejia. ho ne Bcxynaib cb 
HHiHT, btj oxKpbixyH) 6opb6y, noKa aMepHKancKaa apjiia Hejiocxa- 
xoqHO Kia axoMy noAroxoBJiena. Bet nopnnaHia ii yripeKn no cbo- 
eMy ajipecy BaiiiHHrxoHX. buhocb.i^ ch yjiiiBHxejibHOlo cxohkocxbio, 
HeyooHHO npo;i,oji}Kaa HCiiojiBaxb CBoii AO-!irT>, Kor;ia ace ynaBiuie 
^tyxoMTj cojijiaxbi naqajin jieaepxapoBaxb h na KaacAOMX. niary npa- 
xo^HJiocb cxajiKHBaxbca Cb HapymeHioMT) AH^unnjinHbi, Bamanr- 
TOHi. noxpe6oBajn> y KOHrpecca peopraHH3ai;iii apjiin n co3jiaHia 
nocxoaHHaro BOHCKa no Kpaimefi Mtpt na BpcMa BOHHbi. Ho jmi- 
hIk) BaiuiierxoHa, xojibKO nocxoaHnaa apjiia Jiorjia rapanxopoBaxb 
;^o HtKoxopofl cxeneHH SjraronojyqHbifi ncxoA'b BofiHbi ch Anrjiiefi. 
Cx^xaKOH apjiieH, KaKaa HaxoA0.iacb bt> pacnopajKeHiii BamBHr- 
xona, neqero 6ujio n /lyiiaxb o coxpaHenin Hbio-IopKa. Bauinnr- 
xoH-b ptiUHjn, uocxeiieHHO oxcxynaxb, cxapaacb B-b xo-ace BpeMa 



TEOPrT) BATiinerxoai). 53 



OTj.t.ibHbiMn cxBaTKaiiQ KaKt M05K.H0 Sojibiue BpeAiiTK Henpiaie.iiH). 
|l5-ro CGHTflSpH anrjinqaHe naqajin BHca>KiiBaTfcCfl na ocipout 
^HLK)-IopK^. BamiiHrTom> HaKanya'fe OTnpaBHJica ocMaTpHBaxb no- 
3nii;iK), Kyua npeAno.iaraaocb OTCTynnib. ycjiwuiaBi. iiymeqHyio 
inajibSy, oh-l nocKBKa.i'b nasaA'b. IIoji.^'fexaB'b k^ cBoeMy BoticKy. 
[BamHHrxoHTj ysnxfe.i'b omejiOMJifliomee spijiiime: j^tjiaa. jtHBHsia 
tofipaiHJiacb BT) 6e3nopflji,oqHoe oircxeo, ne CA'bJiaB'b nn OAHoro 
.Bbicxpt.ia, xoxfl eme He Sen-fee coxhu aHr.inqaH'b Bbicajtnjiocb na 
Seperi. TaKoti yvKact yace ycn-fenn Bnymaxb aHrjinqane aMepn- 
KaHii,aMi.I BamiiHrxuB.'b, noxepHBX) BCflKoe caMOo6.iaji;aHie, Kaicb Sli- 
meHbin. pneyjicfl bt, otrymyio xojiny, 6]iJii> najiKofi o(J)Hii,epoB'b, 
pyrafl nxi. Do;i,.ibiMii xpycajm. noxoMX) BwxeaxHJi'b caojiio n Sn.iX) 
610 njamxia nai-feBO h nanpaBO cb u'fe.ibio ocxanoBaxb coji/^axt. 
Ho Bce OHJio HanpacHO. Btj oxiiaaHiii BauinHrxoEX,, npeAnoqnxaB- 
miii cjiepxb xaKOMy nosopy, o^nHX, Spocujica Ha Bcxpt'iy Henpia- 
xejiK), n xpyji,HO CKasaxb, qfeii-b 6bi axo Konqejiocb, ecjinobi ntKO- 
Topbie o^niiepbi He ycnliJin cxBaxaxb ero Jioma^b 3a ysfly. Bauiiinr- 

XOHX. OblJ'b qeJIOB'feK'b C^b CnJIbHblMH CXpaCXHMIJ, HO H CT. OrpOMHbIMb 

caMOOo.iaAanieM'b; Kor/ta ace oHt — qxo cjiyiajiocb qpesBbiqafiHO 
ptjKo — xepHiii, CBoe cajiooojiaAaHie, xo cxanoBCJica yjEacenx.. Bca 
ajiepnKancKaa apinia oxcxyna-ia kt> raap-ieMCKiiMX) BbicoxaM-b btj 
caMOMX. yApyqeHHOMX. cocxoflnin Jtyxa, Koxopuft BnpoqeMx. nt- 
CK0.ibK0 noyHfl.xcfl nocjii ohhoh yj^aqnoS cxbiqKii ch HenpiaxejieMX>, 
rjt aiiepnKaHiiu ^pajiiicb EaKX. jibBbi. Caaix. Toy Haxo;i,njix>, qxo 
iCXi aMepHKaHD^aMH jajieKO ne xaKx> jierKo cnpaBnxbca, KaKX> 9xo 
MHorie jiyjiaioxX), u npocojix. noAKp-fenjieHia h3t> Anrjiin, xaKXi 
paKX> aMepHKannbi oxKasHBajiacb nocxynaxb kx. neMy na cjiyjKoy. 
Bocnojib30BaBmHCb nepepbiBOMX> BoeHHHXX) fttMcxBifi, BauiMHr- 
TOflX), no.xyqnBmifi HaKoneiiX) corjiacie KOflrpecca, Bsajica sa HOByio 
oprannsaiiiio apsiin. KoHrpeccX) npo^JinJiX) cpoKx> cjiyjKSbi bxj boh- 
CK'fe Ha xpu roAa, h BauiHHrxoHX> HaSflpajix. apMiio na axoxx, cpoKX.. 
Bca apxiia AO-iacHa Cbuia cocxoaxb n3x> 88-M0 6axajib0H0BX., n 
Kaacji,uii mxaxX) npH axoMX> ji,ojia£eHXj 6biJix. npncbiJiaxb cxojibKO 
SaxajibOHOBX), cKOJibKO nosBOJiajiH ero cpeACiBa, a xaKHce flocxaB- 
laxb CBOHMx. 6axajibOHaMX5 Bce Heooxo^nMoe. jKajiOBaHbe 0(J)niie- 
paMx> SbiJio yBe.inqeHO, n hmx> ootmaHO 6biJio bxj Bu^'i^ Harpaji,bi 
no oKOHqanin bouhu no 20 jtoMapoBXi n no 100 aKpoBX> seM.in. 
lIpocxbiMX> pa^oBbiMX) xaKace oStn^ano 6ujio Bbi^axb 3eMeJibHbie 
yqacxKn. BoxX) Bce, qxo yji,ajocb BamnnrxoHy ji,o6flXbCfl oxX) koh- 
rpecca. HaoHaqenie 0(JiRiiepoBi, pnaqa.xa upeii,ocxaBJieHHoe mxa- 



54 3KH3HI) SAM-fiqATEJIBHHXT) jmREli. 

laMT., BCKopi oAHaKo, Bi, Bojiy neyaodcTBa aioro, npeAOCiaBJieHO 
owjio rjiaBHOKOMEHnyionieMy, 

PiuiiiBuiHCb OTCiynHTL Ha KOHTHHeHTt, BaumerTOH'B 16-ro ok- 
Ta6pfl noKHHyji'B ocipoB'L Hbio-IopKT> H jiBiiHyjica no flanpaBJieHiio 
KT) ropoAKy yaih'L-lljieilHC'L. Toy cjitj^oBaji'L sa aMepoKaHCKofi 
apMieii, u kotasl ona sanajia BucoKyio no30i;iK) Bnepejin anrjH- 
HaHX, aTTaKOBa.n> ee sacTaBBJU. aMepnKaHn,eBt OTCiyniiTb j^ajiie. 
HoqbK) 31-ro oKTaopa BamnHrxoHy yjajiocb saesTb yKplinHib 
HOByio no30n,iio. Ho sto OKa3a.iocb 6e3nojie3Hb]M'b. He pimaacb 
jtaxb cpaaceHiH, Toy ptmnjix iiepenpaBHTbca qepe3'b ry;i,30H'b n 
axTaKOBaib ^opi^ baiiiiiBrTOH'b sa ocipoBt Hbio-IopRt. AiiaKa 
npoH3omjia 16-ro HOflopa, i\ HecMoipa na ynopnoe conpoinBJieHie 
aMep0KaHn,eBT., aBrjiuqaHaMii yaajiocb oejiaAtTb axoMi, yKptnjie- 
HieMT> saxeaTHTb bt> n.TbH'b 3,000 nejiOB-feKi). 3to 6u.Tn, caMMH 
CTpaiuHbiii yAapT>, naHeceHHUH bT) 1776 r. aMepnKaHCKofl apMia. 
06mecTBeHHoe sm'feeie bcio B0fly 3a Hey;i,ayy apMia cBa.ineajio Ha 
BauiBErTOHa, xoth oh'b ch caMaro naqa.ia cOBtTOBaji'b noKHHyib 
KptnocTb, npej^ocraBHB'b ee aHrjinqaHaji'b. 

Bee 9T0 KpaiiHe oropqajio BamiiHrTOHa. AnrjiDqane BCKopi 
B3ajin laKace (|)opT'b Aa h saxBainjiH qacxb nymeKX. a Oaraaca 
aMepnKaHiieBX>. Boacb, qxoSbi Toy ne BbicanHJiT) CBoefi apMiii Ha 
He3amimi;eHHbii1 6eperx, jiemjiy Hbro-IopKOMX) n BpyHCBHKOMX) a , 
He Haiiajix. na nero, BauiHHrxoHX., He xepaa BpeMeH0, oxcxyn0Jix> \ 
cb rjiaBHbiMX) CBO0MX, KOpnycoMX> no HanpaB.ieHiio kX) p^Kt jle- 
jiasepy. 3a apMieii BamnHrxona cji'bAOBajiXj anrjiiHCKifi reHepajiX), , 
Jiopji,x> KopHBajiJiiicx>, cx> bohckomxj, 3Haq0xejibHO npeBbniiaBm0MT> 
aMepuKaHCKoe. He CMOxpa Ha 9x0, BaiBHHrxoHX oxcxynajix. bX) 
nojiHOMT> nopaAKt. /I,ocx0rHyB^ ropo^a Tpenxona na p. ^e.iaBepx>, 
aMepiiKancKaa apMia 7 ^eKaopa nepenpaBiiJiacb Ha aanaAHbin 6e- I 
perx> p-feKH. AnrjinqaHe o^HaKO, xoxa ycn'Liu ykb 3aB.iaA'bxb noAx> 
HaqajibCXBOMX) Toy noqxH BcbM'b uixaxoMx> HbK)-/I,acepcefi, ne fla- 
na^ajin na BamnnrxoHa, nojioJKeHie i:oxoparo 6bi.io oxqaaHHoe 
BT> BH^y Toro, qxo coji^axbi, iipocjiy/KHBiiiie no^Xj ero Haqa.ioMX. 
oiipeAtjieHHbiii cpoKX), noKHAajin ero, a Konrpeccx. ne npHCbr.iajix> 
noAKptnjieHift. Kxj xoMy ace BamnHrxoHX. y3Hajix> xomX), qxo re- 
Hepaix. JIh, oahhX) hbX) caMbixx> xajiaaxjiHEuxX) ero noMomnnKOBx., 
nona.xca bX) njitHX. anrjiiiqaHaMb; 3axo AUBusia ero upHcoeanHH- 
.xacb EX. rjiaBHOiiy Kopnycy 11 Kpoiii xoro bx. aMepHKancKin jiarepb 
npiiobi.Tb cxj qexLipbMa nojiKaMn reHepajix> FoxcX) cb rpanimx. 
KanaAbi, r^'b bth no.nKn oKasbiBa.xncb jHiuHUMn. 



rEOPrij BAiUHHrTOHX. 55 



AMepHKaHii,aMT> npnxoAHJiocb Ooji'fee iitsit moxo. Co jiha Ha 
jeHb M03KH0 dtiJio ojKn/iaTb HanajteHia aHninqaHt na $iiJia/iejib- 
(|)iio; aMepnKaHCKaH apMia obi.ia btj pascTpoiiciBfe, n uoA'b na^ajib- 
CTBOM^ BaimiHrTOHa naxoAHJiocb .inuib stcKOJibKO jKa.iKiixi) noji- 
KOBi). Hacejieeie Bceii HOBOoopasoBaBiiieiica pecnyojiiiKn Biia.io bt, 
yHHHie, H MHorie— ocooesHO ii3i .iiiui. B.iiaxejibHbiX'b ii ooraTbixi — 
BenMafl npiisbiBy Toy, nepexonfiJin Ha CTopony HenpiHiejiH. Ka.ii'b 
HH THHjejio 6biJio oSniee HacTpoenie, ho BamaerTOHT) He oosapy- 
HcnBajii> H iipnaHaKOBi. OTiajJHifl u coMH^Hia. He noAAaBaacb hii 
Ha MHHyxy cxpaxy n KOJieoaHiaMiD, ropatio rJiy6()Ku B'fepya bi 
ycnix'b CBoero ^'feJ^a, oh^ coxpaHH-Tb cbokd ptniHxe.ibHOCTb, CBoe 
cnoKOHcxBie 11 npeAycJioxpHxejibHOcxb. «Ec.ia nenpiaxejib BOSbMexx. 
$njia;ie.ib(|)iK),— roBopnji'bOHT5, — xo mbi oxcxynnMX> 3a CycKeraHHy, 
a xaMT) Gbixb Moacexx. 11 kx. AjiJieraHaMx>». Xopomo 3Haa xapaK- 
xepX) CBoero Hapoj],a, BamuHrxon^ 3Ha.ix> xaKJKe, KaKoBX) 3anacX) 
ero CHJiX) n Kanx, r.iy6oKO KopeHaxca npnqHHbi Boscxania; ohx> 
ObiJix. yo-feaJzteHX., ^iio xepntnie nacxonqaBOCXb MoryxX) npeojio- 
.xfcxb Bct npenaxcTBia, h mo BOima cBasana ci> xaKHim n3j;epac- 
Kaiin j.ifl AnrjiiH, KaKnxx> He bx. cnjiaxx. Bbi;i;ep/Kaxb ;i,aHce 6ora- 
xtfimaa Hai^ia bx, Mipt. 

CKopo Kx> BaiuHHrxony npiicoe;iueHJi0Cb eme oxpaAw mhjih- 

iiiu 03Xj HeHCiiJibBaHin n <I>iiJiaAejib({)iH, cooQmHBmie BOHCKy oojrke 

6o;ipoe Hacxpoenie. AMepuKaHCKaa apaiia pacnoioaiHJiacb na 6e- 

pery /I,ejiaBepa npoxnBX r. Tpenxona, sanaiaro oxpaj^OMx. jierKofr 

! opwxaHCKon KOHHOnbi n xpejifl nojiKaMii recceHi],eBX>, cocxoaBiunxx> 

Ha ciymo't y aHrji0'iaHX>. BamHsrxoHy upnuiJiactiacxjinBaa Mbicjib — 

I axxaKOBaxb qacxb nenpiaxejiH bxj ero coOcxBeHHOMXj .xarep'fe. Ocyme- 

! cxBHXb axy Mucib pl^meHo omjig HO'ibK) 25-ro j^enaopa, Korjta 

I MOKHO obiJio pascinxuBaxb no ciyqaio npa3;iH0Ka 3acxurHyxb ne- 

! npiaxejifl BpacnjioxT>. KaKX, xo.ibKo naqajio cjiepEaxbca, BauinHr- 

; xoHX>, bo rjiaBt 2400 yejioB'tKX), cxa.ix> nepenpaBJiaxbCH 'lepea^b 

! /[,ejaBepx.. IlepenpaBa Swjia xpy^naa, xaKx> Kaicb jiy.i'h cojibHbifi 

B'bxepx., II no ptK'h Hec.iHCb Maccbi Jib;];y; noaxoiiy asiepHKaHUbi 

Aocxflrjiii npoxHBoiioJioacHaro oepera jiuuib bX) 4 qacayxpa. Pas^tt- 

jinBiuncb na /^Bt qacxn, aaiepHKaHCKoe bohceo nojioniJio kX) Tpenxony 

Ch ;i;Byxx> cxopoHx>. IlaeiviHee nLMeiiKie oxpajibi A'tncxBnxejibHO 

obuu sacxnrHyxLi Bpacn.'ioxx> u no^xn Bct nona.incb bx> njitnxj; 

opiixaHCKaa K0HHnu,a ycKO.ibsnyja. AiiepnEoHnuBx. xoxX)JKe Jieuh 

iiepenpaBiuncb oSpaxHO iepe3x> /I,ejiaBepxj. Henpiaxejib Hie, ona- 

; caacb HOBofi axxann, cxanyjiX) cboh cii.ibi bX) IIpQHCxoHX,. /l,aBi. 



5G aiII3Hb SAM-b'iATEJIbHblX'b JTIOJlEn. 

CBOIIMT> BGDCKaMTi OTJ^OXHyTb H'LCKOJILKO AHeO, BaniHflrTOH'L CHOBa 

nepenpaeriJica nepesi, JI,ejiaBepT, n saHajiT, iio3nn,iK) okojio TpeHTona. 

Me^K^y TliMt Toy, ysHaBt o BsaiiH TpeHTOHa, noc.ia.n) Bio 

IIpnHCTOHi. KopBBajiJinca, KOTopwn b'l Baqa.il^ aHsapji ;iBURyjica 

no HanpaB.iieHiio Kt TpeHxouy. BaiiiimrTOH^ BLicjiajn. HaBcipt'iy 

KopHBaJIJIHCy HtCKOJIbKO CHJILHLlX'b OTpHJ^OBt CL n,tJIbIO MtmaiB 

jlBHHieHiK) HenpiaTe.ia, qio h 6biJio Bbino.nneHO npeBOcxojHO. Ha- 
KOHem, KopHBajumcb nojtome.i'b kt. TpeHTony; 9to 6bi.Tio Beqe- 
poMi,, H fla jipyroe yxpo KopHBajijiiicT> co6npajica nanacTb Ha 
aMepiiKaHCKyio apMito, HHCKO-ibKO ne coMHiBaacb, mo ee yji,acTca 
yHniToacnxb. BamiiHrTOH'b jKe Sofljica renepajibHaro cpaaceHia cb 
HenpiaTe.ieMT), SHa^HTe.nbHO npeBocxo;i;nBmHMi> ero KaK^ HiicjieH- 
HOCTbio, TaK-b {] ji,iicii,Hn.iiiiHoii. OhT) co3Ba.in> BoenHbifi coBtii), ii 
npejiJioacHJi'b noqbio, noKa Henpifliejib, coopaBiiiifi rjiaBHbia cBon 
cnjiLi OKOJIO TpeHTOHa, MHpno cnajn,, ooxoAHW.M'b nyieMi j;bh- 
Hyibca Ha ITpjiHCTOH'b. CKasaHO-cjitjiaHO. ^ItoSw ooManyTb anrjin- 
^an-b, npnKaaaHO 6huo bcio Hoqb noj^JtepatHBaTb Kocipu bi. aiwe- 
pHKaHCKOMij Jiarepli h npousBoj^iiib OKonHbia paooibi bi. MicTaxi,, 
S.THacaiimHxi. k^ anrjificKnM'b cTopoffieBbiM'b nocTaM-b. IIJiaHi 
y^ajica Kan-b ne-ibsa Jiyiiue, n apiiia BamnHrioHa, ji;aa{e ho bo3- 
SynHBT) noj];o3ptHia HenpiaTe.ua, BCKopt nocjit Bocxoj];a cojiHii,a 
3-ro aHBapa 1777 r., jiocTHrjia UpHHCTOHa ri no^'b cxtHaMH ero 
pasSii.ia Ha rojioBy anrjiiQCKie no.iKn, HaopaB.iaBmiec;! 6bUo HS-b 
IIpHHCTOHa KT, TpeHTOHy. KopHBa^Mncb nojiocntn. kT) Dpnao- 
TOHy cjinuiKOM'b nosAHO, qToSbi BbipyiHTb CBoax'b 03^ h'lji,hi. 
BaniHHrxoH'b 6bijn> oqeHb ji.oBOJieH'b CBoeii noOtjiofi, coBepmeHHofl 
CT> HeanaqHTejrbHbiMii cnjiaMn; ohT) caMi:. jipaica na caMbixi} onac- 
Hbixi) nyHKxax'b KaK-b noA'b TpeHTOHOMi,, TaKT> n iio;\'h UpHHCTO- 
HOM'b. j],aB'b oTjtoxnyxb cbohmtj cojtjtaxaM'b, BamiiHrTOH'b nepe- 
ji.BHHyji'b KOHTHHCHTajibHyio apiviiio ktj MoppncToyHy. T^t naMt- 
peBajica npoBecTii ocTajibHyio lacTb 3nMbi. OTCK)ji;a BauinnrTOH'b 
cji;hjisiji'h eme H-fecKOJibKo yj^aqnuxTb BbiJiaaoK'b npoTHBi. nenpiaTejia 
H BCKopt ycntji'b BHTtcHHTR SpHTaHu.eB'b H3^ HbK)-/I,HC6pcea. no- 
CJiiAHia fltfiCTBia BamimrTOHa noji,Hajm ynaBmifi ^yxT. apMia n 
Hapojia. Bet nojiarajiii, 'ito apsiia ctouti na Kparo rii6ejiii, — 
n Bjipyrb b^ KopoTKoe Bpena llamnHrTOH'b oAepacuBaeTT, jiBi, no- 
Ctji.u M ocBoSojKAaeTT. Hbio - JI.acepceit oti. aHrjijnaH'b! y^api., 
HaneceHHbiH cHJibHOMy h xopomo oprannaoBaHHOMy Bpary, ojkii- 
BHJix no Bcefi CTpaat BoeHHbiii rjxi, h b^ KOHen,T> pasciaji'b 
yHWHie n coMHtHie bi, cnjit loeoii pecnyojiHKii. CuacHTeJia oxe- 



TEOPr-h BAUIHHrTOH'L. 57 



qecTBa BCt Biijttjii'i bi. HamnHrToei, ii j^tficTBHTeJibHO, ycni,xi> 
aMepHKaHn.'B'B bi. 3HaqnT?jiLHOU cien^Hii cjitj^yext npuniicaTh 
HencTomnjiofi aHepriu ir BOeHHOJiy laJiaBTy hx'b noJiKOBoaii,!. 

Bt. KOHiit jieKa6pii 17 7G r. BaiinerToe'L oo.ionee'L oli.i'l Jimi- 
TaiopcKon B.iacTbK) Ha 6 MtcHn.eB'b: KOH^pecc^ H:iKOHt'i],'i, yotjtii.icfl, 
mo MoaceTTi HMtib iioifloe AOBtpie ki> 'ie.noB'£Ky, ciyacnBiiieMy 
poAHH'fe ch laKiiMi. caMooTBepjKenieMTj. HamnerTOHT> BnojiHt onpaB- 
j];ajn> 9to ^oBtpie. "yiyacjtLiii TmeciaBifl, oHt KpaflHe ociopojKHO 
no.TL30Ba.iicfl Aa-HHofi eMy HeorpinnieHHofi BJiacTLio; oht. Bcer/ia 
CT> 6jiaroj],apHOCTbK) npHHHMa.in> pasyMHwe cob'^th Apynix'L ii ru- 
ck ojibko He cqiixajii. ji^Jin ceoa yHHSuiejibHbiMi., Korji,a Konrpeccb 
HJiu MtcTHUii rpa}Kji,aHCKifl BJiacTH j],oopoBO.T[bHO 6pa.iiH Ha ce6fl 
qacTb ero oojisaHHOCTefi, Ilo'jibsyjicb BpeMeHHbiMT> nepepbiBOMi) 
BoeHHUX'b jbfiCTBin, OH-b saHfl.ica oprannsauiefi hoboiI apMin 
;i,jifl KaMiiaain 1777 r., oopaTUBT. ocooeHHoe BHniiaHie na cu- 
cTaBJienie KOpnyca 0())nuepoB'b. IIpii aioM-b oht, Bbionpa.ix lOJibKO 
laKiixTj Jiui;!., KOTopua motjiu npe;icTaBUTb yAociOBipeHia bi. 
CBonxT> cnocoSeocTflX'b k^ jitjiy. BcaKiji jinqHwa npnTHsaHia 
n rojioc.ioBHbia peKOMeHji,ai],in ociaBJuiJiT) oh'b oeat BHUManiH. 

JI,o KOHua Maa oot apwin npocioajia bi. SesAtfiCTBin: Toy 
nojiyqujiT. no;];Kpiin.ieHiii 1131. Aerjiiii cjiriuiKOM'b nos/iHo n bt. hg- 
^tocTaxoqHOM'b KOJin'ieciB't, a iioioMy He ipora.iT. aMepHKaHii,eBT). 
HaKOHen,!., Toy ptuiH.iicfl DpoHnKHyxb rt. HbK)-JI,acepcen h no- 
AOBTH Ki. p. ;I,ejiaBepy hjih jkb iipHHyAHib BanmnrTOHa kt. re- 
Hepa.ibHOMy cpaHceHiKj. OAHaKO BamimrTOH'b ne ;i,apoMT> sacJiy- 
acnuT) nposBHEie asiepHKaHCKaro <I>a6ifl KyHKraiopa: ohtj hii sa- 
HTo He ptmn.icfl obi bt. aiy Munyiy na laKon man. ch CBoeft 

j HeoDbiTHoii apMieil, h xojibKO cxapajica jiobkhmh MaHeBpaMn no- 
M'femaxb nenpiflxeJiH) nojiiOHXH kx. ;I,ejiaBepy. Toy HaKoneiix. bu- 
HVH^eHT. obun. yjtajinxbCH kt. Hbio-IopKy. BauiHHrxoHx. noAOspt- 
Ba.n,, qxo aHr-iiiqane naMtpeBaioxca EMtcxt co cbohui. cjijioxomI) 
axxaKOBaxb 'I'0JiaAejib(|)iK). Hx. irojif. j^tilcxBiixejibHO aHrjiificKin 

i (JuoxT. Bome.xx. bx. 6yxxy /l,ejiaBepa, n BamiiHrxoHX. nepenpa- 
BH.ix, CBOK) apaiiio qepe3x> 9xy ptiiy n sanajix. no3nn,iK) npn 
^HcepsiaHXoyH'fe, roxoBacb bx. cjiyxa'b Hyac^Bi Bbicxynnrb na 3a- 
mnxy <I>iiJia;iejib(|)in. Kx. yjtHBJieHiK) BamnarxoHa, aHrjiiiicKin 
t{)jioxx. B;ipyrb cHOBa Bbimejix. bx. oxKpbixoe Mope, h xaKX. KaKx. 
BpeiieHHO BOBHHbixx. ;;'bilcxBiri ne npe^BH^'fe-'iocb, xo Bamunr- 
TOHX. oinpaBHJica na HtcKOJibKO abgh bx> 4>njia3,ejib(|)iK). Sjitcb 
Ha 06^;!^, AaHHOMX. KOHrpeccoMX. bx. qecxb r.iaBHOKOMaHjyio- 



58 aC03Hb 3AM'£qATEJILHHX'L JIWJIEH. 

maro, BamiiHrTOH'b nosHaKOMHJica cl HejiaBHo npHSbiBmnMt bt, 
AMepiiKy np0HflTbnn> b^ aiviepoKaHCKyio apMiro MO.iOAMMt 
MapKDSOM^ Ja({)aiieTOM^. l>auiHHrTOHi> He ocooeHHO co'iyecTBeHHo 
OTHocHJicH ktj iiopTynjieHiio iiHOCTpaHi;eBi.BT> aMepuKaHCKyio apMiio; 
OH-L ctinxa.ii. nxT. aBaaiiopucTaMii, He cxojibKO npeAaHHMM0 ji.'fe.iy 
CBo6ojiH, CKOJibKo HcejiaionuiMU Dpoc.'iaBUTbCfl. Ho ropflqifl, npaBAH- 
Byfi, oesKopbicTHUii Ja(|)afleT'b noHpaBHJica BamnHrxoHy, n oh-b 
npociLi'b lOHaru ({jpaeiiysa ycipouTbCfl bi. eroBoeHHOH KBapTiip'b, 
KaKi> y ceofl ^oMa. Jatfianei'b ci> paAOcibio npaeajn, aio nporja- 
meflie a CKopo c^tjiajica o;;Hnin, ns'b o.iHJKafimiix'b ero npyaeS. 

BT} aerycTfe BauiMHrTOH'b ysnajn), qxo anrjiincKiti (|)Jiox'b bo- 
nie.Tb Bx. oyxxy ^mamlK'b, a saxtMX), mo apMia BHcaj^iiJiacb h 
;i,Biia(:excfl kx> $iiJiaj,ejibi{3iu. Eme ao BbicaAKii 6pflTaHCKon apiiiu 
Ha KOHXRHeexT, BauiHHrxoHTj ^BfiHyjicfl Ha Bcxp'tqy aHrjinianaMX. 
H, ptiuRBX) He no;],nycKaTb Hciipiaxe.ia kx> 4>0JiaAe.iib({)iii, ;^ajx> eMy 
cpajKCHie Ha ptRtLpsHAii-yaiie-b. 3Aicb aMep0KaHCKaaapMia no- 
xepn'lijia nopaaceHie, ho, He CMoxpa na axo, 6uxBa npo03Bejia xo- 
pomee Bne'iaxjitnie na Konrpeccx. ii Ha Hace.neHie, KOxopHe bobcg 
He xoxijin ycxyniixb aHrjinqanaM-L <I»iiJiaAejib(|)in 6e3^ conpoxHB- 
.leniH. Co Bcfcxx. cxopoHX) Hana.iii. BamanrxoHX. nojyqaxb noAKpin- 
jenin oimxb na H'feKOxopoe BpeMa uw.ib oojieiieHx> AUKxaxop- 
CKOK) BJiacxbK). Ilocjili nopajKeHiji, apMia BamnnrxoHa HHCKOJibKO 
He OLiJia G6e3KypaHceHa, n xojibKO npoJinBHoii AoacAb noM'£maJix> 
efl cHOBa cpasHXbca cx^ Henpiflxe.ieMx> He^ajeKo oxx^ $ii.xaAe.ib- 
({)in. BamnHrxoHX> AOJUKenx. 6u.ix. nepenxn iicpe3x, pfcKy Ulyfljib- 
K0Jb onaxb oxcxynMXL kxj JsKepMBHxoyny, ptmnBinucb ii3x> Bxoro 
nyHKxa san^amaxb <]^njiaAejib(|)iK). Bi axo Bpeaia ero ciiJibHO cMy- 
ma.xo xo, nxo dojibniaa nacxb apaiin ne HJiijia ooyBH, a 1000 'le- 
jOBiKX) coBepma.in Bcf. nepexoAW nocjitAHiixx, Aaett oocHKOM'b. 
9x0 6biJio ox'iacxn npnqnaofl xoro. qxo apMia BaunmrxoHa He 
ycH'IiJia BO BpeMa noAOcnliXb kt> JI,H{epM3HxoyHy 11 noMiniaxb 
TJiaBHOiMy Kopnycy aHomaHX, nepcnpaBnxbca qepesX) ptny 
IIIyfljibKHJib n Boiixn bt. ,T,}KepM8HxoyHx>. ^lacxb opnxaHCKofiapiiio 
Bx> axo BpeiiH Bcxyrnijia bx> <I'njiaACJib(|)iio, HaxoAHBUiyioca no xy 
jKe cxopoHy ptKn, i;aKX) n JI,>i:epM9HxoyHX), a r.iaBHbiH Kop- 
iiycx. saHa.ix. ax(>xx> ropoAX>: (|).iiox'b iKe Hbnuejn> ii3X) ^liisaniiKCKOii 
raBann n BomejiXj bx. oyxxy /I,eJiaBepa. HaAtacb Bocno.ib30Baxbca 
pa36pocaHHocxBH) Henpiaxejia, BannmrxoHX. aa^yMajiX) axxaKoeaxb 
rjiaBHbifi Kopnycx. ero bxj ,T,}KepMaBxoyH'fc. Axxana axa nponso- 
m.ia l-ro 0KXH6pa ao Bocxoaa co.iHi;a, n aMep0KaHi],aMXj CKOpo 



TEOPr'b BAlUHHrTOHt. 59 



y;i,aJOCb BbrrtcHnxi) anrjimaHt 1131. ropoAa, ho rycToM lyMaHt, 
CToaBuiitt Bce bto yxpo, noMiiiiajn. oieoHqaiejibHOMy ycntxy pec- 
nyojiHKaHCKOH apMin. ^acxs aMepiiKaHi^eeT), oopameHHaa aer.iu- 
naHaiin bx> otrcxBO, BCJiIiACXBie xyaana, npimajia CBonxx> 3a Bpa- 
roBx> II npo03Bejia cxpauiHyio CBajiKy. BamnnrxoHy iipiiiujiocb 
oxcxynaxb, ocxaBiiB'b imoacecxBO y6HXbixT> 11 paneHbixx. na nojili 
cpajKeniff. HecMOxpa Ha 9xy neyAa^y, aMepiiKaHn,bi 11 BOJKji,b hxt> 
^o;^'b ^JKepM3HxoyHOMX. npoHBiiJiH xaKyio p'feuiHMOcxb h cxofi- 
Kocxb, mo ;i,OB'bpie cxpasbi kti apniii siorio xojibKO yKp'fennxbca. 
Bx> KOHHt ro^a, nocjit HtcKOJibKiix'b y;taqHHXX. cxbrneKij cil> 
aHr.innaHaMii noAX. $HJiaj;ejib(|)ieit, BamiiHrxoflT> oxnpaBiLica na 
3UMHI0H) cxoHHKy Bx> Bajuiefi-^opAJK'b, HaxojinBUiyiocji bx^ 20 Jin- 
jiflxx> oxT> $iij[aAeJib(j[)io, Ky^a BOiuejn> na suiiy rjiabHLiH Kopnycx> 

' 6pHxaHCKaro BofiCKa. 3iiMa 1777 — 78 r. 6bi:ia caMoii xflHcejiofi 
;i,.ia apiiiii BamimrxoHa. Coji;i,axbi cnjibHO cxpajia.xn oxx, hgao- 
cxaxKa njiaxbfl, ooyBii, cx.tcxHbixx> npnnacoBx: 30Ma obijia 04eH'-> 

! xcionHan, a MC/Kjiy xtMX, co.iAaxaMX., OA'fexbiMx. bX) pyonme, eg- 
ptjlKO DpnxoAHJiocb HoqeBaxb okojio KOcxpoBx>, 3a HenMiiHieMX) 
oxha.j'b n njiameii j[jih samnxbi oxx. iioposa. CaMX> BamnnrxoHX) 

! K)xn.ica bx> xtcHofl OpeBeHqaxoS xnvKiiHt. IIpii sxomx. OKpecxHoe 
Hace.xenie neoxoxHO ztocxaexfl.iio cxicxHue npnnacu bx. Jiarepb, 
xaKx> KaKXi BaiiiiiHrxoHX>, ne mi-i,a. HajiHqHbixx> /i,eHerX), npimyjK- 
;i,eH'L ObiJiT. pacnjiaqHBaxbCfl nepxii^iiKaxaMii na iimh KOHrpecca. 
Apiiia 6ujia Kpafme neAOBOJibHa: KaKX> o(|)imepbT, xaK^ 11 paAO- 
Bbie rpo3H.'iH ocxaBUXb Jiarepb. BnojiH-fe noHiiiiaa, KaKX. xajKejio 
iio.xojKeHie ero ro.xoAHbixx>, nojiyeanixx, co.iAaxx>, BaiuHur- 
xoHX. He pasxj opiiHy/KAeHX) 6bTJix> iiojibSOBaxbca nojiHOMOiiflMu 

I ;iiiKxaxopa, ixo6bi 3acxaBHxb Hacejenie xoxb qxo-Hn5yAb npoBO- 
3nxb BX. ero Jiarepb; ho ohx, scerAa npaoferajx. kx. sxoiiy cpe^- 
cxsy Kpafme hcoxoxho. Ilpn BceMX) xomxd pasjaBajincb rojioca, ne- 
;iOBOJibHbie 6e3A'tncxBieMx> apjiiii, xairb KaKx> anr-iiiqaHe onycTO- 
lua.in OKpecxHocxii $[i.iaAejib(|)iii. BamnHrxona no;i,o6Hbie .iio;i,u 
iipuBOAnjiii BX. Heroji;oBaHie. Topona Konrpeccx. no3a6oxiixbca 
oox. OAe/KA'Ii n nponiixaHiH apiiin, BamimrxoHX. Meacjiy npoqnMX> 
nncaji'b: «CM'ftK) yB'tpHXb axnxx. rocnoATj, 1x0 coinnaxb BoeHHbie 
luaHU, ca;ia bi. y;i,o6Hon xen.xofi KOjmax'Ii, ropa3/i,o .lerqe, neacejiii 
saHiDiaxb xo.ioAHbiii ooHaKeHHbifi xojimX) ii cnaxb Ha Mopost n na 
CH'hry 6e3'b iiJiaxba 11 Sesx. o;i'feaJiX). Xoxa axn rocno;i,a, eobhau- 
MOMy, .Ma.io co'iyBCXByioxx, oiAcxBiflMX, co-i^axx., ho a coiyBCXByio 
HMX. n oxx. Bcen jymu CKopo.xio hxx. cxpa;];aHiaxx., Koxopbixx. 



60 aCIISBb BAM'B'IATEJIbHLIX'h JIIOHEn. 

He Mory hii ycTpannTb hh o6jieri0Tb». B.iaro;];apfl HacToiriiiBMM'b 
TpeSoBaHiflM'L BauiHHrTOHa, Jiarepb dbLii) jiajio no Ma.iy CHa6- 
HCGHTb BciiM^ Heo5xo;],uMbiMi>, II Tor;i,a oaBnoKOiiaH^tyiomm iipii- 
ciynim. kt^ BhipadoTidi hoboiI BoeHHoii CHCieMw, KOTopan c-A'fe- 
.laia 6u iioAo6Hbi>i crpaAanifl apMin HeBOSMOJKHUMH Biipe^b. He 
ji;oB'Lpfla caMOMy ceot, a r.iaBHoe CBoeaiy oSpasoBaHiio, Bamunr- 

TOHTi Ch OCOOeeHblMlD BHBMaBieMT, OTHOCIIJICH KT> MHtHlK) APyrHXl, 

n BT) jtaHHoarb cjiyia-fe CEpoMHwii reHepaa'b npe/^JOKiiJii. cboiimtj 
0(J)nii,epaMi iiiicbsieHHo BbicKaaaxb cBoe MHf.eie no pasHUMi. bo- 
npocaM'L, KacaBiuHMCii peopraHH3au,iH apuia. Ha ocHOBaHin 3111x1, 
TpaKiaxoB'b n CBoero Jininaro onwra, BaiUHHrTOH'b cocTaBajn? a 
npeAciaBiiJi'b KOHrpeccy cbou npoeCT-L. HpoeKx-b 6ujvh iipHHaTi, 
KpoM'fe npe;t.iioHceHia nasHaiHTb 0({)iin,epaMT> nojKHSHeHHyio neHciio 
btj jjasMtp-fe ncnoBiiBH aa.iOBaHbH. BamnHnoHij ne iijteajiHSHpo- 
Bajii) JiK)Aeii; ohtj SHa.!!,, mo o;i,iiht> naipioTHSJi'L, Sesi. noj;^epiKKii 
MaTepbH.ibHaro nHxepeca, AO.iro npo;to.ia;aTbCii He jiojKei'b, n na- 
A^flJicfl, qio oocsneqcme 6y;],ymeii cyAbSbi npiiBJieqeT^ na cjiy/K6y 
fiojiie ji.'fejibHi.ix'b o(|)imepoB'b. Konrpecc/b ^ojiro He cor.iamajicfl 
Ha 9Ty M'L]iy, ne ace.iiafl cosjiaBaib bt^ AeMOKpaTUMecKoii pecny- 
6jiHKt npiiBUJiernpoBaHHaro BoeHHaro oacca; ho HaKonen.'b pa3- 
yMHbie jiOBOALi rjiaBHOKOMaHAyioinaro noAtficTBORajiir. — koh- 
rpeccb nocTaHOBHJi'L BbinjiaqeBaib 0(|)nuepaMi. noJiOBiiHy acajio- 
BaHba Bxeyenie ceMH Jitii. no OKOHqamn boAhm n o6tu],aji'L 
coji^aiaji'L. KOTopbie jio Koni^a bohhw npoSyjiyn. bi> apMin, na- 
rpa;],y bi^ bO noMapoBij. BamnHrTOHTj He obiji'b BaoJiH'Jj ;iOBOJieHT> 
OTHomeHieM'b Konrpecca K'b apjiiii, Koiopaa, no MHiHiio ch rjiaB- 
HOKOMaHAyiomaro, obijia i]COK)qHTe.iibHbiMi, HBJieHieM'b bi. ncTopiH 
BT) BHjy HeobiBajibix'b jmuieHifl, nepeHeceEHbixi. eio; ho noKa npn- 
uiJiocb yjOBOJibCTBOBaTbCH n STHMH MipaMu KOHrpecca. 

Ho HeiojibKo xpyAbi u onacHOcxn BoenHofi KaxmaHiii, He- 
TOJibKO neperoBopbi n Sopboa ex. KonrpeccoM'b Bbinajin na aojik) 
BamnnrxoHa: He Majio npnuiJiocb ewy ncnbixaxb oropqeHlfl BCJit^- 
cxBie npoHCKOB'b BparoBX.. jKejiaBmaxx. rjiaBHbiM'b oSpasoMX hs^ 
jiHHHUX'b HecxojiK)6uBbixx> no6y»{A€*Hift yfiHsnxb oaBHOKoMaajiyio- 
maro BT> rjiasaxx, Hapo;i,a. Eni,e bt. KOHut 1776 roAa ony6.inKo- 
BaHbi OHJin Bx. Hbio-Iopicfe nncbMa, 6yAxo obi nncaHHwa BamnHr- 
xoHOMx., n BT> Koxopbixx. BbicKasuBa.iocb nop0n,aHie Koerpeccy 
3a cjinniKOMX) nocnlimHoe oot^sibjiqeig He3aBncnM0CXH aMepunaH- 
CKHXx. mxaxoB'b, a xaKJKe BupajKajiocb coqyBCXBie AHPJiiii. Uoj[- 
jiojKHOcxb axHXT) nncGMTj BnocitjicxBiii 6biJia /toKaaana BamnHr- 



TEOPri) BAiiniHrroH'h. Bl 



TOHOMT). Bojii^e ji;ypBoe BJiiaHie na apMiio h aa KonrpeccT. hmLitj 
TaKT> HasHBaeMWH aaroBop-B reeepajia Kohbgh, btj KoxopoMT. npn- 
HHJia.i'b ;itaTejibHoe ytiacTie 'lecTOJUOoiiBufi reHepajn> refiicb, 
3aB0a,OBaBniiii nojioHieHiio BamimrTOHa. reaepajn) KoHBen, ^lejio- 

B^KT. XBaCTJIHBLlfl II BblCOKOM'tpHI.lfl, B036yj],fIJI'I> Kt Ceoli HeUO- 

Btpie BauiHHrTOHa, ii nocji'IiAHifi oiKptiTo BwcKaaanca npoxuB'b 
acejaHia KOHrpecca noBbicHiB KoHeea no cJiyiKO'b, roBopa, qio 
«3acjiyrn PtOHBeH ii ero SHa'ienie 6ojiLme cymeciByiOTT) Bt ero 
coocTBeHHOii-L BOoSpaHceHiii, nemejivi b^ A'feiicTBHTejibHOCT0». 9Toro 
KoHBefi He Mor^ npocxoTb oaBHOKOManAyiomeMy. BMtcrt cb 
refiTCOMi., saB'tAWBaBuiiiM-b BOGHHUMii onepauiflMu bt, KaHa;^t, 
KoHBefi naqajiT) pacnpocTpanaTb b^b apMin h b^ Hacejieein ano- 
HnMHHfl QBCbJia, ;i;oKa3biBaBmia Hecnoco6HOCTb BauiHHrTOHa a 
HeyiitcTHOCTb ero oopasa AtjUCTBiii. BainRHrTOHt OTBt^iaj!!) na 
9TII K03HII upespnxejbHbiM'b MojnaHieii'L; ohxj cosHaBajiT), ^xo 
HHTpnry cjit^OBajio KaKT> mohho CKopte iiojiaBiixb, ho axo ne- 
Mimyejio npiiBejio om kt> ooacKt cjiaobix'b cxopoHX. apaiin nepe;^!. 
HenpiflxejieMT), a 3xoro BamnHrxoH'b JKejiajiij nsotrnyxb bo mo 
6bi xo Hn cxa.in. Ho Kor^a, btj KOHii.'b 1777 r., anrJinqaHe obiJin 
BbixtcHenbi nsT) oojiacxii FyAsona, rjiaBHLiM'b oSpasoMi) 6jiaro;iapa 
jiMcxBiJiMX) Feiixca, h Kor/ia Konrpeccx., Kyj^a npoHiiKJia imxpara, 
xo.ibKO u roBopHJiXj, 1X0 ero ,^ouJiecxflXTj ii cnoco6HOCXflxx>, xo 
BamnHrxoH'b nonajiT,, yero A0<5iiBaK)Xca Bpam ero, n pt.miLTb 
xaK^ o.in uHa^e nojioacHXb ^t.iy KOHein>, xtMT> ooi'fee, ixo aao- 
HHMHwe iioAKOiibi n itoHOCM iicHb 0X0 jiEH cxaHOBHJiHCb Haxajib- 
H'be n oescoB'tcxH'fee. 31-ro auBapa 177b r. BaiiiuHrxoHX> nacaj-b 
no axoiiy noBo^y bx> Konrpeccb: «Moh Bparn 3HaH)xx> bcio ni,e- 
KoxjiQBOcxb Moero nojioJKeHia, SHaioxx., KaKie nojinxinecKie moxhbu 
.iDiuaioxx. Jiena bo3mo3Khocxu Hanacxb Ha huxtj. H ne Mory onpo- 
Beprnyxb nxX) HHCHHyauifi, ne pacKpwB-b HtKoxopuxx. xannx, ko- 
xopbia fleooxoAHMO CKpHBaxb ;i,o nocjitAHen bo3mohchocxh. CepAUe 
roBupux'b MHt, qxo a Bcerna cxapojica A'fe-TaTB see, 1x6 obiJio bij 
MOHXT) cuJiax'b. Ho Momexx. Obixb a qacxo omnSajica bx> mogmi, cyac- 
aeain oo-b oocxoaxejibcxBaxx. 3acjiy3KHJi'b ooBHHenie B-bOuiHOKt))... 
Ho Konrpeccx., Butcxo xoro, qxoSw pa3CMaxp0Baxb A'feJio, saMaJiX) 
ero: 6biJio asHO, mo b-l HnxpHri npoxnBx> BaniHHrxoHa npnHH- 
Ma;iu yqacxie n ntKoxopwe yjienbi KOHrpecca Konrpeccx. noKpo- 
BBxexbcxBOBajx. njianaMXi Fefixca AJia noKopenia KanaAH, ^asKe co- 
3;i;a.n> BoeHHbiii jtenapxaMenxxj, bo oaBt Koxoparo nocxaBJienx. 
Ouji'h refixcx., OKpyHceHHbiii cbohmh nensMtHnbum ;ipy3baivm, bx> 



62 yKH3Hb SAM'fiqATEJILHblX'B JIEOJIEH. 

qacjit KOTopuxTj HaxoAHJica Kohbgh. Ho upejtnojiaraeMafl ancne- 
jlEJxm Bi. KaHa,T,y laK^ h ociajiacb na oyiiar'fe. BoeHHuft ji,enap- 
TaMeei'b BCKopt pacnajica, h Bca aia iiCTopia bi KOHii'fe koh- 
0,08^ HiiCKOJiLrvO He yHH3]iJia. a cKopte BosBHCH.ia BamiiHrTOHa 
B^ rjiasax'L BoficKa u napoAa. KoHBen, paHeHWH Ha ^tyajin oahHiM-b 
Of|)Hii,epoM'b, ropfltiHMTj npHBepjKenn.eM'B BamnHrTOHa, n Aywaa, 
'JTO nocjiijtHifi qacb ero 6jih30KTj. cji;tjia;n> cjit^yioniee npnsHa- 
Hie B-B HHCbMi, HanncaHHOM'L b-b am TAHiKia amHyTti Kt aiie- 
pHKaHCKOMy rjiaBHOKOMaHjiyromeMy: «B'bpoHTHo mghh CKopo He 
6yAeTT> b^ acHBbixt: noaiOMy cnpaBeji;Ji0BOCTb h HCTHHa sacia- 
BMroxTj MeHfl BbicixasaTb moh nocjitAHia qyBCiBa. Bu bi. mohxt> 
rjiasaxi. — BejinKifin xopomin qejOB'feK'b. jKeJiaio BaMij j^ojiro, /iooto 
HacJiaacj^aibca ^loSoBbK), yBameHieii'b ii npeAaHHOcibio ainxT. mia- 

TOBT), CB060Ay KOTOpHXT) BW 3aiHHm,ajIH CBODMH AO6pOJl,'feTeJIHM0». 

r Jl A B A Yl. 
riociitAHie roAbi aMepMKaHCKoii peeoynoi^in. 

CoK>3'i> ct <J>paimieri. — OcBor)o>Kj],eHie "I'iijaAe.'if>'|)iii h 6uTBa cpii Moh- 
Moyxcfe.— 06opoHiiTe.!ifcHi.m ji,t.ncTBia 177;) r— IIpiiSHTie (})paeiiy3CKon 
3CKa;i,pu.— MaMbaa reeepajia ApHO.'iB;i,a. — ByHi-B bi apnin.- Oca;i;a 
lopKToyna. — Pacnymenie apsiiii.— OcraBjeHie BaiiiiiHrToeoMT. BoeHHofr 
c.iyjK6Li n BoaBpameHie bi MoyHTt-BepeoHt . 

nocjit BionoJiyqeoft anaibi 1778 r. A'fe-na npuHnMaroTi. ^ojite 
^jraronpiflTHbifi oSopoi'b jijih aMepnKaH^eB'b. no6'fe3,bi aarjiHqaHi., 
xoia H ojiecTflinifl. ne mooh nxitib oco6eHHaro seaqeHia: aHMH- 
qane cjinuiKOMT) pasopacbiBa.Tin cboh CH.ibi, a noTOwy Ma.io no 
Majiy xepfljiB sanaTbie nam nocxbi. npoHHiiaTejibHbie aMepiiKaHiibi 
CbiJin yB-fepeHw bt. toml, qxo anrjiMqaHe caMn noSbioxT) ce6a; 
xaKX), Korji,a <JjpaHKJiHHy cooSmnjin, qxo Toy Baajib <3>njia;i,ejib(|)iK), 
xo OH'b noJiymyxa saM'fexHJi'b: «He jiopA'b Toy Bsaj-b $iija;i,ejib- 
^)iK), a $HJiajejib(})ia Baajia Jiop3,a roy». BamaHrxoHT. xaKJKe 
cosHaBajii), qxo paaopocaHHOCxb aHrJiiiicKofi ap&iiH iipiiBeAexX) ee 
KT) norH6eji0. KpoMt xoro, BofiHa b^ AMepeKt iicxoma^a Ahmik) 
BTi MaxepbaibHOMT, oxHomeHiH, ii axo jiojijkho 6biJio i]pHHyji;HXb 
ee Bx. cKopoMT. BpejieHH saKJiioqDXb Mup-b. AMepHKaHi^bi xtMi, 
6ojiie MorjiH paacqnxwBaxb na ycntxi), qxo npa nocpeAHnqecxBt 
$paHKJinHa HMX) y^ajiocb saKJiioqiixb BoeHHbifi n xoproBbm cok)3i> 
cb $paH];iefi, Koxopaa paacqnxbiBajia ocjia6nxb nojinxiiqecKoe u 
xoproBoe SHaqeaie CBoero AaBHwrnaaro KOHKypeHxa — Anrjiiu. 
yanaBTj o nopaaieHin aHrjinqaHi. npu TpeexoHt n IIpnHCxoHt 



TEOPFb BAfflHHrrOH'fc. 63 



H Kanniyjifliiiu anrjiifiCKHXTj bohckI) bx Capaiort (sa p. Fyji;- 
soHi), (|)paHi],y3CKifi Kopojib Bt (|)eBpaji'fe 1778 r. 0(|)t|)imiajibHo 
np03Hajiij HesaBHCiiMOCTB CoeAHHeHHbix'L IIlTaTOB'L n 3aK;iK)qHJii> 
CT) HHMH jtoroBopt, ooflSBiBaflCh OKasuBaib jeHeacayK) n BoeHHyio 
noMomb nixaTaxix, noKa Anrjiiji ne npHssaei^ uxt, HeaaBncHMOCXii. 

AnrjiiH co^JIa diOTh m-a.i'b $paHii,in 3a OTKpbiToe oo'bflBJieHie 
BOHHbi H ptinHJiacb HaKoneu.'b nofiTH sa Mnposyio co cbohmh 
KOJiOHiflMH. napjiaiieai'b iisnajiT) npnMiipHxeJibHbiS 6HJiJib, noji- 
TBepavAaemift Bct npeHvHia npaBa Ko.ioHiii n ootmaBuiiti Bce- 
o6mee noMiiJiOBaHie. ecjiii KOJOHin cjioKSLJii opyjKie. Ho lenepb 
odmecTBGHHoe MHteie bt, AjiepEKt 6hjio yjKe npoTHB-b BOSBpa- 
meHifl Ki) ciapoMy peacoMy. «il nojiaraio, qio nach Moacen, 
yjOBJieiBopBTb xenepb xojibKO nesaBHCHMOCxb, — nacajn, Bainnnr- 
xohtj Konrpeccy: — HecnpasejJiHBOcxH SpnxaHCKon Eaii,in no oxho- 
meniio kti naM^ c.inniKOM'b naMH HesacjiyjKeHHbi, ixodbi nxx 
MoacHO Sujio 3a6bixb». KoHrpeccT> BnojiHt cor.iacnjica cb mh^- 
HieM-b rjiaBHOKOMaHAytomaro nocxaBHJi'b ycjoBieMij saKJifoqeHia 
Mflpa yjtajieHie Bcixx, anrjiificKHX'b bohckt. ci. aMepnKaHCKOH 
xeppoxopia n 0(j[)4)imia.TibHoe npiiSHaflie AHr.iieft He3aB0CHMOCxn 
Coe;i;0HeHHEix'b IIIxaxoBx. AnrjiiH, paayM'bexca, ne Morjia npanaxb 
BToro yc.ioBifl, 11 BofiHa npoj,ojiJKajiacb. 

30MOBKa BT) <l»njiaAejib$i0 0MtJia poKOBbia nocjitji.cxBia ]i,.m 
aHrjioiaHTj. /I,ojiroe 6e3j],t0CXBie Bpej^Ho oxpa30Jiocb Ha mcT[E- 
njiHHt; cojijiaxbi— 6ojibineio qacxbio HiaieiiKie HaeMHHKn — 7i;e3ep- 
X0poBaji0 MaccaMH. y6traa bt> JitcHbia Ae6pH AMepnKH. Ha 
Mtcxo Jiopjta Foy rjiaBHOKOMaHjiyiomnM'b 6pnxaHCKofl ap&iiH na- 
3HaqeH'b obii-b Kjiuhxoh'l, b'l pacnopajKeeiii Koxoparo 6biJio 
20,000 BoficKa, cocpejloxoqeHHaro bxj $0jia/i,e.ib(j[)iH; OH-b oxnpa- 
BUJiiy qacxb BoficKa bi. Becx-b-HHuiio, a qacxb bo <3?Jiop0;i;y, VA'h 
yace naqajiucb BpaHcj^eoHbia zitficxBia Mea;;iy (J)paHi],y3aMu b 
aHr.inqaHaMH: cainT. a;e KjirhxohI) p'femiiJiTj ct> 12,000-oii apMieii 
Bbicxynoxb us-h 4>0jiaji,ejib(J)iH n HanpaB0Tbca bX) HbK)-Iopi:x,, 
onacaacb, qxo np05bixie (j|)paHi],y3CKaro (J).!ioxa bx. 6yxxy ^ejia- 
Bepa noBej;exx. K-h SjiOKaAt •I^oJiajtejib^iH. 

BbicxynjieHie 03x1 $HJiaji,ejib(|)iii jiojiJKeo 6biJio npo03oflxn xaSno; 
HO BamuHrxoHTj y3Hajix> HaMipeniaxx. KjiHHxoHa, KaKX) xoJibKO 
Henpiaxejib BucxynHJiX) 03X> $0Jiaj];ejib(|)i0, nycx0Jica BCJiijiX) 3a 
H0.Mi> ex. rjiaBHbiMX) KopiiycoMX). p'biu0Bm0Cb bo qxo 6bi xo hh 
cxajio axxaKOBaxb aHrjiHqaHX>, Ha axoxi) pasx. ;],ame BonpeKH mh^- 
HiK) BoeHHaro coBl^xa. Ha BoeHHOMX) coBtxt oco6eHHO cojibho 



(i4 aillSHL BAM'feqATE.lbHLIXl. JHO^En. 

1)11X063.11. npOTEBT, HTTaKIl reHepaJIl> Jin, T0JIbK0-4T0 BepHJTB- 

mifica nsT) anrjiiHCKaro natna ii saHaMasmiH bt. aMepHKaHCKoft 
apMiH BTopoe sitcTO nocjit r.iaBHOKOMaH;tyioiii,aro. ToiqacT. aoc.i'fe 
coBtia BamHHrxoH^ oinpasHJii. jist 6pHraj],H no^t HaqajibciBOMt 
Ja(|)aneTa, no panry c.TbAOBaBuiaro neuocpencTBeHHO 3a .I0, h 
npHKasaji^ npn iiepBOMi. yaoOhom'l cjiyqa-fe aTTaKoeaib anrjiH- 
'laHTj. renepajn. jko KjinHioHij, ooaBiuinca axiaKH, dSiBajifkBTi 
aMepHKaHCKiS aBanrapji;!., Kpyxo noBepnyjii. bi. cxopony n 3a- 
Hfli'L iio3Hi],iio oKOJio ropo^Ka MoHMoyxca, co Bcfex-L CXOpOH'L 
oKpyjKeHHaro 6ojioxaMii n .itcaMu. BcKopi nocjit yxo;ta Ja- 
({)aiiexa, jTh B^pyrt saaBH.i'L BaiuHHrxony CBoeMT> jKeiaHiii 
y^acxBOBaxb bt. axxaK'fe; xor/ia KOManAOBaHie, nopyieHHoe Jla- 
(|)aneTy, ji^ojitkeo ohuo nepefiXH k-b Ju, h BauiHHrxoH'b, ji,aBi.eMy 
eme AR'fe opura^Bi, npiiKasa.i'L eaiy xoiqaci ace coe^aHnxbCfl cb 
aBaHrap/i.OM'b, JIa(|)afieTy jko nanacaji'b oO^HCHnxejibHoe niicbMO, 
npocfl ero ycxyniiib naqajibcxBO reHopajiy Jh. CaM-b jkg Ba- 
iHHHrxoH'b ex. rjiaBHbiMXj KopnycoMX. ABimyjiCH ki> MoHMoyxcy, 
pascqHXbiBaii BO-BpeMji noAOcn-fexb na nojiomb cboumx>. npoHj;a 
He oojite naxri Mnjib, BauinerxoHx. BApyrx, yssaexi, ^ixo Jin 
oxcxyaaexx. bx. oojibiuoMX. oesnopaAf^'b- xMejKiiy xtMx,, cy^a no 
HeMHoroqiicjieHebiMX. BbicxptjiaMXi, cpajKeme ein,e ejina Haqajiocb. 
CKopo noKa3ajiHCb nepe;i,0BLia kojiohhw ji,HBn3iH Jin, n, HeBOJibHO 
aoAyMaBX>, qxo JIe npe/^HaMtpeHeo ycxpoii.ix> 9X0 oxcxynjieHie, 
BainHHrxoHx> bx> cnjibHOMx> rniiBt npnm[iopMJix> kohh ii nocKaKaJix> 
Bnepeii,x>. Ilo;i,x>iixaBx> kx. JIh, Bam0HrxoHX> KpiiKHyji'b rpoMOBHiix. 
rojiocoMX>: «^Ixo 03Haqaexx> Bce 3ro?» Jh aaMSJica. «}I acejiaio 3Haxb 
npaqiiHy axoro oesnopaAKa!* noBxopHJix. BamiierroHX., xepaa ca- 
MOo6jia;i;aeie. IIg ciOBamx, CBH^'bTejia axofi ci;eHbi, Ja(|)afiexa, Ba- 
uiHHrxoHXj BX) 3xy MHHyxy 6biJix> nojioHHxejibHo cxpaineHX., JIh 
onpaBflbiBajica, roBopa, qxo coji/iaxbi 6biJin npnBeAeHbi bxj saut- 
iiiaxeJibcxBO JiosKHUMn iisBtcxiaMii, 11 qxo ohx. ne Hiejia.xx> bx> xa- 
K0MX> HacxpoeHiu Becxa axx. npoxaBX. HeiipiaxeJia. «KaK0Bbi 6bi 
HH SbiJiH Baina BsrjiaAU,— iipe3pnxeJibHuB03pa3iiJix>BamMHrxoHX),— a 
HaA'bajica, qxo bh iio KpaHHen Mtpi iicnoinaxe Mon npMKa3aHia». 
Ho xepaib Bpeam ea paaroBopbi oujio HOKorAa, xaKx. KaKX> 
nenpiaxejib Morx. HaABHsyxbca BcaKyio MOHyxy. Bjiaro^apa anep- 
ria a HaxoAqnBOcxa BamiiHrxoHa, bb ^RBfisia Jh BOABopeHX> 
OHJix. iiopaAOKX); aa HtKoxopoMX) pascxoaaiH oxx> aea pacnojio- 
iKHJica rjiaBHbiH Kopnycx>. CKOpo noKasa.ica a aenpiaxejib, aa- 
qaBUiu axxaKy odoaxx. (|)jiaHroBX) bx, HaAesKAt npooaxbca ckbosl 



rEOPn> BAmHHrTOHi.. 65 



hhxtj. AMepHKaHi;w samnmajiH cboh iiocth ct OT'iaaHHoS xpao- 
pocTbH); BamnHrxoH'L Jinqso pyKOBOAHJi'B pcfejia jiMctbiumvi, no- 
flBjflflCb ea caMUXTj acapKHX^ nyHKxax'L cpaacenm. HaKOHen.'L 
HenpiflieJib BUHyacaen'L 6uji'h OTCxynnTb, noxepaBi) 300 nejio- 
Btii'b. TaK-L KaKx. Hacxynnjia HoqL, xo BamnHrxoHX> Be npecjit- 
;i;oBa.ix> aHrjinqaHX>, p-femnsx. bo.boShobhxl axxany Ha cjitji.yiomee 
yxpo. Ho HoqbK) KjiiiHXOHy y^ajioci) ycKOJibSHyxb o6xoaHHMH ny- 
xaMii, n 30-ro iioHa aHrjiiHCKaa apjiia Bcxynnja bX) Hbio-IopKx.. 
Bt> nojOBHH'fe iiojifl BamHHrxoHx> nepenpaBnjica co CBoefl apMien 
Ha .I'tBHU 6eperx> FynaoHa n pacnojiOHCHJica JiarepeMX> okojio ro- 
poAKa yafixx.-HjiefiHC'b. 

Eme Bx> caMHH ;i,eHb 6uxbh npu MoHMoyxct JI0 HanncajiX) 
BauiHHrxoHy rpyooe nncbwo, xpeoya oxx> nero HSBHHemii. Ba- 
m0HrxoHx> He xojibKO He HSBiinnjica, ho b1) cbosmtj oxb^xhomX) 
nncbJit HasBajix. nocxynoKX) Jin Kpafine noaopHbiMi. Au nepe- 
Hecx. 9X0 A'feJO b^ BoeHHHfi cy^Xj, KOXopHU Hamejix> ero bhhob- 
HbiMX., nocji'fe qero JIh HaBcer^a noKHHyjix. apMiio. 

Bx. Haqajit iK)jia bx> Syxxy Jle.xaBepa Bomjia (|)paHi],y3CKaa 
9CKa;ipa, cocxoaBmaansX) 12-X0 JiHHefiHbixx, Kopafijiei h 4-xx>$pe- 
raiOBXi cxj 4,000 ox6opHaro BoficKa no/],x> KOMaHAon rpa(|)a ;i,'9cxeHa. 
Hacejesie AsiepHKn jinKOBajio, x-feiiXj Qoa-fee, qxo A'BcTenx. npn- 
Be3x> nsB-fecxie foxobhocxh Kopojia ccy Jinxb CoeAHHeHBLie Illxa- 
XH 3-Ma MHJiJiioHaMH ^)paHKOBX>. BamsHrxoHX) ntcKOJibKO ona- 
cajica, KaKXj oh HaAeJKjtaHa noMomb <E>paHii,iii ne ocjia6njia pBenia 
aMepflKaHn,eBXj bx. 6opb6t sa cboto CBo6oii,y. Ho ero MHtHiio, aiae- 
pHKaHn,aMXj cjiijtOBajio npeacAe Bcero iiojiaraxbca na caMHXX, ce- 
ofl. «Help yourself » — ;i,eBH3x> coBpeMeHnaro aHKH — 6lijix> laKace 
jieBH30MX> BamimrxoHa, n noxoaiy caMx> ohx> ne 3Hajix> eme, CJit- 
;^yexx> jin esiy pajiOBaxbca npadbixiio $paHny30Bx>. 

Cx. corjiacia BamaHrxoHa, ;i,'3cxeHX> p'I)fflHJix> axxaKOBaxb cx> 
Mopa qacxb anrJiiiiCKaro (|)jioxa h BoFicKa, HaxoAHBmnxca bx> 
uiTaxt Poji,x,-AiiJiaHji,x>. IIoaxoMy ohx> nepej];BHHyjix, cboh) acKaj],py 
KX) ctBepy, ptuiHBx. Haqaxb axxany cx, rabaHH HbionopT^. JI,.xa 
axxaKH 3X0H raBaHH cx> cymn BaiiiiiHrxoHX, oxpajiBJix, 10,000 
aMepnKaHii,eBX> no4x> naqajibCTBOMx. renepajia CyjiJiHBaHa. Ho 
$paHHy3CKaa acKaApa, BC.xfejicxBie Hecooacia bx> A'tficxBiaxx, ch 
aiiepiiKaHHaMH, oqyxnjiacb B^pyrx. MejK^y AByxx. orneH: cl oahoh 
CTopoHH ee axxaKOBajio 6jih3X> Hbionopxa anrjiiflcKoe bohcko, cx> 
Apyroii — (|)jiotX), noaBHBUiiiica 03x> Hbio-lopKa. rpa(|)y A'Scxeny 
CABa yAajiocb ycKo.ib3Hyxb bxj Mope; cyxonyiHaa aMepiiKancKaa 

TEOPrij BAmHHrTOHi. 5 



(36 JKH3Hb SAM'BIATEJIfcHHX'b JIH)J,EH. 

apMia xaKJKe OTCxynajia — HAaaceci. Sojibiuhmh noxepaMH. TenepB 
HacTpoenie ii3MtHHJ[0Cb; (J)paHi],y3K[ 6ujih HeAOBOJitHu aMepHKan- 
naMH. aMepHKaHiibi — (|)paHuy3aMH, h BaiunHrxoHy npauijiocb ysio- 
.laxb CBonx'b ot})0ii,epoB'b h reaepajioB'b 6bixb KaKT> mohcho c;i,ep- 
HiaHHie ciy coiosHiiKaMn. 

Ha 3HMy BauiHHrxoH'b pacnojioJKHJi'b cbok) apMiio b-b bha^ 
jjiHHHoii ui&nn Meacj^y ptKaam ryji;30H0M'b h J^ejiaBepoMi,, a 3a- 
xiMX. oxnpaBUJica bi. $HJiaAejib(j)iio, qxo6bi neperoBopnxb cb koh- 
rpeccoMi> HaciexT) njiana 6jiiiacaHmefi KaMnaHiii. Mnorie qjienbi 
p^OHrpecca cxoajia 3a Hacxynaxenbaafi oopas'b jitftcxBifl; ho Ba- 
mHHrxoH'b, oxjiHiHO noHDMaBUiifi oxqaaHHoe nojioaceaie Aamin, 
Koxopoii npeACxoajia Boiiaa Cb <3>paHii,ieH n Hcnaaiea. npejiJio- 
SKHJiX) Konrpeccy Bbipa6oxaKHbiii hm'b oSopoHHxejibHbiti njiaai 
BOHHH, ropasAo Meate xaacejibifi ;i,jia cxpaabi, iiaxepbajibHoe co- 
cxoaaie icoxopoii Oujio 6ojite, qtM-b njia^eBHO. ^naaacH Coeji;B- 
HeHaHXT) lUxaxoBi. Sujih bt3 Koaen,!. pascxpoeabi; SyMaacHHa 
;ieabrH, Bbinyni,eBabia b^ orpoMBOMX. KOJiaiecxBi, ope^cxaBJiajin 
coOoK) .iHUib V«o HoMBaajibHofi cxoiimocxh; xoBapbi BS^opoHcajiH. 
ToproBbia oxBomeaia 3anyxajiHCb, 3eMJieA'fejiie n npoMHinjieaaocTb 
BO MaoraxT) MtcxaxX) coBepmeaao npeKpaxajiHCb. Bamaarxoa'b ace- 
.lajixj Bx> xaKyio xajKOJiyio Maayxy nodepeqb chjih cbohxt, corpajK- 
jiaaT> — 9X0 6huo jiJia. aero ropa3AO BajKate BcaKofi Boeaaoii cjiaBH, 
BcaK0XT> saBoeBaaiii a noSt^'b. Koarpeccx., y6'bmAeHabiii j^oBo;i,a- 
-MH Bauiaarxoaa, npuaajix. ero njiaaX) oSopoHDxejibabixx. AtflcxBiti. 

BepayBmiicb btj cbok) rjiaBayio Boeaayio Ksapxapy. Baainar- 
xoHX> npacxynnju. kx. aaSopy aoBoii apMia. ^fejio aa 9xoxx> paax. 
noaiJio Sucxp-fee apeacaaro, xijix. Ooji-be, qxo cojiAaxTj xpeCoBa- 
jocb Meabme. Jl,HcaHnji0Ha bx> apMia xaKace saa^iHxejibao yjiyi- 
uiHJiacb. BcK) 3UMy 1779 r. aar^aqaae ae npeanpuuHMaja aa- 
KaKHX'b BoeHabixx. A'l^ScxBiii a ocxaBajincb btj Hbro-lopKi. Ba- 
maarxoaX) BocaojibsoBajica 9xaMX> nepepHBOMX>, qxo6bi aaaecxa 
y^api) HHJ^'bH^aMx., Koxopbie oraeMX. a MeqoMX. onycxomajia ao- 
rpaaaqabia oSjiacxa. 9Kcae;iHi],ia apoxaa^ aaAtfiueBi aopyqeaa 
obiJia reaepajiy CyjiJiaBaay, Koxopbia aajiojro oxohjix. y aaxX) 
oxoxy Bxopraxbca bx> aMepaKaacKia B-naj^iiaia. Aarjiaiiaae, no 
npHKasaaiio CBoero MaaacxepcxBa, xaKJKe aaqajin bo Maoraxt 
M'fecxaxX) Mapo^epcKyio BoBfly; aieffi^y npoqaMx., 3aatinxejibB0My 
onycxomeaiK) noj],Beprjiacb BaprHain a KoaaeKxaKyxxi. npnieaix. 
aarjiaqaae ySasajia, a;r.ia a rpaoajia ex* 5e3nonia;;aoa acecxo- 
Kocxbio. llacejieBie B3bTBaJio o aiecxa. IIoaxoMy Bamaarxoat pt- 



rEOPrt BAinHHriOHt. 67 



ruHJi'L BOcnojibsoBaTbca pa36pocaHHOCTbK) aHMincKaro BoficKa, na- 
nacTb Ha yKptujieHie Ctohh-EEohti. h oTHflib ero y aHrjinqaHi,. 
AiiaKa cocTOfljiacb Ho^bio 15-ro iiojia n yBliHiajiacb djiecTamoMi) 
ycnixoM-b. Becb aHrjiificKiK rapHHSOH-b Shjitj Bsax-b bt. njitni., n 
aMepHKanitbi saBJiaAtiH orpoMHHM'b sanacoM'b opyjKia h nopoxy. 
BiflM-b OKOH^HJiecb BoesHbiaonepaiiiH 1779 roii;a. ItJiHHTOH'b CTanyji'b 
CBOH BOHCKa BT) Hbio-IopK'b, a BauiuHrTOH'b coxpanaji'b yace pa- 
nie saHaiyio hmtj no30i];iK) na p. ryASOsii, fijiaat BecT-b-rionHTa. 
HaKOHen,!), B-b j^eKadp-fe 1779 r., KjinsTOH'b nojiyqnji'b noA- 
Kpin.ieHia nat Aarjiiii n, ociaBHB'b qacib BOHCKa b^ Hbio-Iop- 
Kt, oinjibur-b BT> roacnyio Kapojinay bi. Haj];eHtA'b> ito eaiy jierqe 
oy^eTi. cnpaBHTbca ct> paSoBJiaAtjibiecKHMH KOJiosiaMH lora, qiMi. 
ch AeMOKpaxHiiecKiiMH KOJiOHiaMH ctBepa. BaiuHHrTOHi. OTpaAflJii' 
Ha ion. ren. JiHHKOJibHa ct ntcKOJibKHMH nojiKaMH, a caMX. ne- 
peSpajica na SHJiy bt, MoppiicToya'b. 3HMa 6ujia. cypoBaa, no/i- 
B03'b npoBianxa 6bWb saipynHeH'L, ii BamnnrTOHy, BoaBineMyca 
noBTopenia Bcfexi. yacacoBi. siimobkh bt. BajiJieH-$op;i,3K'b, npa- 
mjiocb He paai) npn6iraTb ki, penpeccajiiaM'b, qioSbi cnacxH 
CBOHX'b cojiAax'b oxT. rojioAa. Boo6me (|)0HaHcoBHH Bonpocb ShjiT) 
Bi. axo BpeMa 3jio6ok) ^na m> Coeji.HHeHHbix'b inxaxaxT.. He 3Haa, 
KaKx riOMOib di^i, Konrpeccx, n3Aajn> pacnopajKenie, no KOXopoMy 
SyMajKHbia 3;eHbrn npn ynjiaxi ^i.o.iroB'b nojyqajiH cbok homh- 
Ha.5bHyK) ii,tHHOCXb. PasyM'bexca, KpejtHxopbi Shjih BecbMa He;i;o- 
BOJbHbi axHMi, pacnopaaceHieM'b; nejiOBOJieH'b 6biJii. a Bauinnr- 
TGHT), HaxoAHBUiiil, qxo flecnpaBeaJiHBO napymaxb npasa ojihoh 
qacxfl rpa3K;i,aHT) b^ nojibsy jipyroii qacxa. CaMi. oht. 6ujub bx> 
iQCJit nocxpa;i;aBuiHX'b, xaKi. KaK-b bi> cBoe BpeMa ycntji'b onoji- 
XHXb pasHbTMT) jiartaMx. KpyQHbia cyMiibi j^enerx). Mnorie hst. ero 
AOJiJKHiiKOB'b BepHyjiQ eiiy xenepb CBon AOJira, x. e, copoKOByio 
qacxb xoro, qxo Bsajia. OcoSeHHO BOSMymajH BamaHrxoHa 6o- 
raiH, cntmaBinie xenepb ynjaqaBaxb aojirn, Oaho 6oraxoe h 
Bjiaxe-ibHoe jiuei;o, 6biBmee bx xopouinx'b oxHOUieHiax'b cb Ba- 
lUBHrxoHOMi., BepHyjio ejiy 6yMaacHbiMn jtenbraMH cboh ji^onvh, 
cociaBJiaBmin jtoBO.ibHO Kpynnyio cyMiiy. BamaHrxoH'b Bsaix., 
He cKasaB-b na cjioBa. Hocjit axoro Aannoe Jiano Asa pasa hbjih- 
Jiocb B^ MoppacxoyHX), ho BcaKift pa3Tj BamaHrxoH'b Atjiajr-b 
bhji,!., qxo He 3aMiqaexT) ero npncyxcxBia. Ja(|)aHex'b, CB0;i,'fe- 
xejib 0648X1. axBXi. CE:eHi., Kpanne aayMn.ica xaKoft HeoSbnaa- 
HOH HeBfeyKJiaBOCXH BamaHrxoHa n saiiixajn., KaKi. xoJibKO yno- 
Manyxoe jiauo y^ajinjiocb: ((reHepa.iTj, axoxx. qejioBfeKi. noBa^nMOMy 



68 aC03HB SAM'B^ATEJlBHLlX'b JIKREH. 

oqeHb npe^aH^ saMt, a bu e^Ba oSpaiiiJiH na nero BHiiMaHie». 
BamoHriOH'L yjiHGnyjica h CKaaajiT): «il snaio, a He OTHecca Kt 
HGMy cepAe^Ho; a e3o bc^x-l cejit^ ciapajica obitb cb hhm'b 
BiHiJinBbiM^ n nBiiaJica ji^Si^e ABa pasa saroBopaiB cb hhmtj, ho 
SyiiaJKHbia AGHBrn CTOaJiii y Mena nonepeKT> rop.ia». 

Btj iioHii irfecaut aHrjiiScKifi Tenepaji'h KHii(|)ray3eH'B BHCiy- 
nuiTj CO cboiimtj bohckom^ h3t> HBio-lupKa HanajH) Ha aMopn- 
KaHn,eBT. npn CnpHHr(|jujiBAt, bi, HBio-JI.acepce'fe. KHH(|)ray3eH'B 
obiJiT. OTOHTT) H onaTB OTcxyonjii. B^ HBK)-IopKx, Kyjta CKOpO 
BepHyjica KjinHTOHi) nocjii BecBMa y^^aqnoit aKcnejiHi^iH Ha ion., 
Tji'h ohtj OBJiaA'feJi'B r. HapjiB3ToyHOM'B. BaniHHrTOH'B bi. aio Bpe- 
Ma ycniji^ nepoABBHyTB cbok) apMiio kt. p-feKi ryji30Hy. 

Btj naqajii iiojia npuSBiJia b-b AMepHKy Hosaa (}3paHuy3CKaa 
acKajipa, nojiyiEBmaa iiHCTpyKn^iio bo Bcejii, noAiHHaxBca ane- 
pEKaHCKOMy rjiaBHOKOMaHAyromeMy. 3to pacnopajKeHie (|)paHi],y3- 
CKaro npaBMie^BCTBa 6bijio BBixjionoiaHO siapKnsoM'B JIa(|)afieT0M'B 
H snaqniejiBHO ynpom,ajio coeMtcTHLia BoeHHBia ^'feficTBia (|)paHiiy- 
soBT) M aMepDKaHiteB'B, TenepB BamHHriOH'B Ha^liajica, ixo yji,acTca 
aiTaKOBaTB Hbio-IopKT. h cb cymn, h ci^ Mopa, n BUTicHniB 
aHrjinqani. hs-b c^b. AMcpaKa. Htoobi o6cyanTB 9to ji'hjio, Ba- 
uiHHrxoH'B OTupaBHJica ..jmiHo Ki. HaqajiBHHKy ({ipaHn,y3CKaro 
4).iioTa, rpa(|)y PomaM6o. Ha o6paTHOM'B nyiH BamnHrTOH'B 
ysHajiTj oSi) H3M'£H'fe onHoro hst. Jiyquinxi) h lajiaHTJiaBMniHX'B 
CBOMXT) renepajioB'B — ApnojiBjia, QiiacaBiiiaro k^ aHrjiHianaMX b^ 
HaAGHC^'fe TaKHMT> o6pa30M'B noiipaBUTB CBoii KpaHHo 3aiiyTaHHBia 
;ieHeacHyfl jykji-d. ApHOJiBji,!) BpynHJiT, n^aHBi Kptnocien h Apyria 
BaHCHBia 6yMarH aHrjiiiicKOMy Maiopy Anjipe, KOxopBiii Obiju. ape- 
CTOBaH-B aMep0KaHii,aM0 Koiopoiiy BaumnrTOH'B npimyjKAeH'B 
Qbtjit. noAn0caTB cMepTHLiS np0roBop'B, KaK'B mnioHy, ne CMOipa 
Ha .laqnyio CHMnaTiio kl aeiviy. 

Ha lort BTi 9T0 Bpeisia A'fe-ia npMH0Majifl HeojiaronpiaTHHii 
ooopoTT) jiJia. aMepHKanueBi). Jopfti) KopHBajiJiHCi. sanaji'B 06'fe 
KapojiHHBi II coSflpajica BToprnyTBca bt. BiiprHHiio. AMepHKani^Bi 
noxepn'tjiH cxpaiiiHoe nopaatenie y KeMAena. Hoai* BJiianieMi. 
910X1, KpHTE'iecKEXi) o6cToaTejiBCTB'B, KOHrpeccB HaKoeem, oao- 
opHJii. ASBHO npeAJiaraeMyio BamnHrxoHOM^ Mtpy Ha3eaqeHiH 
o(|)HitepaMX) noacnsHeHHoii nencio bx. pasMtpt dojiobhhh JKaao- 
eaHBa, na^'feacBxaKHMX, o6pa30M'B npHBJieqb b-b apMiio HaiiSojiie 
ciiocoohbixtj h jj.i^TejiBHBix'B o(|)0uepoBi>. BaiiiHHrxoH'B Bi. axy 
nopy cxoajiTj na shmhoxx. KBapxnpaxx> MeacAy ryA3uH0Mx> n Mop- 



i'EOPrt BAIUHHrTOHl). 69 



pHCToyHOMi. 11 6opojicfl CL Hy;K;i,aMH n neAOBO.iLCTBOM'L coji;i;aTi>, 
He noJiyqaBiuHXTi ^KajiOBanba 3a h^ckojilko Mtcai^eB'L hjih nojiy- 
qaBniHXT> njiaiy o6e3n,'bHiiBmHMHC5i dyMajKHUMO j];eHbraMH. He- 
jtOBOJibCTBO cojiAaxi) pocjio ci> KajKAUMT, jj^HeMT) H rposHJio nepeETn 
Bi. OTKpuToe BoscTanie. lloMo^ib obA'b ne More hh rjiaBHOKOMaH- 
ayiomiH, HH KOHrpeccB: cipana 6biJia pasopeua npo^ojiHiHTejib- 
HOH BoflHOH, II cpejiCTB-b jiJifl y^oBJieTBopeHiii HyjKj];!! apMiii Bsaxb 
6ujL0 HeoTKyj,a. Cjiyqnjiocb to, nero onacajica BaiUHHrTOHi.: 
1-ro SHBapa 1781 r. bT) Hbio-Jl^'Kepcet BOScTaia nencnjibBaH- 
cKaa M0Jinn,ia. CojiAaTbi, HeAOBO-ibBbie noiibiTKaMH ocfjimepoB'b 
y;i,epHcaTb nxT> Ha ciyvKSli AOJi'lie ipexi) Jiti^, yonjiQ HicKOJib- 
Kiixi) o(J)ni],epoB'b, saxBaiHJiH ci> co6ofi nyiiiKii n noKiieyjiii Jia- 
repb, HaM'bpeBaacb hath bt, $HJia/i;ejib(|)iK) n ji,o6uBSiTbCij ott. 
Konrpecca yj^OBJieTBopeHia Bctxij cbohxt. Hyacj^i.. BaniHHrTOH'L 
noHHMaji'b, 'iTo TpeSoBania coji^RTh Smjih cnpaBe;];jiHBbi, h p-feuiHJi'b 
EsStraTb BcaKHXT, HacHJibCTBenHLixi) iiipi), TaKt ^itg ne npoTn- 
BHJica ajejiaHiio cojiAaTi. ;iBHHyTbca bT) $HJiaji,ejibt|nK». Jl,oporott 
coji^aTbi 3HaqHTe.iibH0 ycnoKOHJiHCb; KOHrpeccb Bbicjiaji'b hmi. Ha 

BCTpiiy KOMMHCilO CTj oStmaHieMT) yjI,OBJieTBOpHTb BCfe hxt> 

Hy/Kj;u, H coJiAaxbi, OKOH^aTejibHO ycnoKoeHHMe, Bepayjincb B'l 
jiarepb. SasitqaTejibHO, ito nponcKH areHTOBi. KjiHHTOHa, cxa- 
pafcfUiHXca nepeMaHHTb cojijtaT'b na CTopony anrjHqaHT), ne 
HMliJin HHKaKoro ycnixa. CojiAaTbi jiaace cxBaTHJin H'bKOTopbiX'b 
areHTOBi) u npejtcTaBHJiH hxT) cBoeMy reHepajiy, roRopa, ixo 
OHH «BOBce He ApH0.ibjibi» H naMinaTb po^nHt He HaMipenbi, 
KaKia 6jiara hh cyjiHJiHObi hmI) anrjiHiaHe. Korjia BCKopt nocjii 
9Toro BcnuxHyjiT) OyHT^ coji^aTb B^b Hbio-^acepce'fe, to BaniHHr- 
TOHT> ciejiTj Ha 9tott> pasT) HyajHbiM^ nojtaBHTb ero chjiok) h ji,aace 
KasHHTb AByx^ rjiaBHbix^b saqHHmHKOB'b. Ho, HMta bt, BH^y cnpa- 
BeA^HBOCTbTpeSoBamii cBOHX'b cojiji.aT'b, BamHHrxoH'b HacTanBajn), 
iToSbi KOHrpeccx cjitjiaji^ HOBbifi saeMi. bo <J>paHiiiH ji^jia. yao- 
BJieTBopeHia HyacAi. apjiin, aoKasbiBaa, qxo TO.ibKO xaKHMi) ny- 
TeMT), a He nacHJiieM'b, mohcho HCKopeHHTb bi, apjiin MaTeacHbin 
ji;yxT). JI,1>HCTBHTejibH0, Konrpeccy y^ajiocb, onaxb-TaKn npn no- 
cpeAHHqecTBli <l>paHK.iHHa, cataaTb bo $paHn,iH saeMii bti 6 mhji- 

JliOHOBT) ^paHKOBT) H XaKHMT. OOpaSOMT, HOKpHTb paCXOAbl HO 

co^epiKaHiio KOHTHHeaTajibHon apMin. 

Hocjit axoro BaniHHrTOHi. xo.ibKO h j^ywajiTj o TOMt, KaKX 
obi OTHaxb y anrjiHiaHij Hbio-IopK'b. Ho ori, ^oJiHceni) GbiJiT. 
OTiipaBiiTb HtcKOJibKo OTpajioBT> uoji.'b Ha^ajibCTBOMT) JIa(J)aHeTa 



70 aCHSHB 3AM*qATEJIbHHXT, JIIOJIEH. 

Ha ion. H acjtaTb naSopa hoboh apMia, Koxopaji no o6biKHOBeHiio 
coOnpajiacb KpafiHe Me^JieHHO. PaHbme iiojia jitncTBoeaTb fiujio 

HeB03M0aCH0, H, nOBH;i,aBmHCb CT. Ha^iaJIbHHKOMT. $paHIiy3CK0H 

8CKa;ipbi, BauiHHrTOHT) p'femnji'b b^ 9tott> cpoKi. naqaib o6mHMH 
cHJiaMH A'feficTBia npoiiiB'b Hbio-IopKa. K^ xoMy ate npaniJio hsb*- 
cxie, qxo CKopo bij Hbio-Iopicb npoAexi, (|)paHii,yRCKiQ (^JioTh na-b 
Becx'b-riHAin. BaniHHrxoHT) nocn'iniBJi'b pasocjiaxb iiapKyjiflpbi Wb 
ii]xaxaMi> HoBoft AnrjiiH cx> xpeSoBasieMT) nocKop'fee npncjaxb 
BOHCKa, yMOJiJifl HacejieHie b-b axoxi BaacHbifi MOMenxx, Hanpe^b 
CBOH cHJibi, qxo6bi He y^apHXb ji0n,oMi> b-b rpasb nepeA^ coioshh- 
KaMH H oahhmtj yji.apoM'b noKonquxb ci, sparaMH na cfenepi. 

Kx. KOHn,y iioHa, A'feficxBnxejibHO, apMia BamnnrxoHa na- 
cxojibKO yBejin'injiacb, qxo ohtj movb najitaxbca, btb coioat cx> 
(j[)paHn,y3aMiJ. y^aqno nanacxb na HbH)-IopKx>. Ho axxana Hbio- 
lopKa He cocxoHJiacb no xoii npHqaHt, qxo aAMnpaji-b ^e-Fpaccb, 
HaqajibHHK'b ({)paHii;y3CKaro (|)Jioxa bx, Becxxj-IlHAin, ABnnyjica 
BX) MnsanflKCKyio 6yxxy n npocnj[x> BamuHrxona KaKX> mohjho 
CKopte HanpaBHXbca na lorx., xaKX, KaKX> (|)paHn,y3CKin (|)J0XX> 
Morx> npoobixb bx> HnsanaKli xojibKO ao nojiOBnHbi 0KXfl6pfl. Pa- 
jiyacb ycHJieHiio (|)paHn,y3CKaro (|)Jioxa (Koxopbifl xenepb 0Ka3H- 
Bajicfl cnjEbHte anrjiincKaro), BamHHrxoHx> xaKX. Sncxpo ;i;BnHyjiCfl 
cx> coiosHon apMiefi bx, EnprnHiio, qxo KopHBajiJincX) ne ycntJix, 
nojryqnxbnojtKptnjieHia; ho, ziyMas, qxo anrjiificKiti (|)JioxX)C0JibHie 
(j[)paHny3CKaro, ohx. 6uJi'b yBtpenX), qxo MOKexx> Bbi^epataxb 
oca^y, H GTHEjjTb CBOK apMiK) Bx. xopomo yKpimienHbin r. lopK- 
ToynX), y ycxbfl p. lopKa, Bnajj;aK)meH bx> ^InsannnX). 1-ro OKxaopa 
coK)3Haa apsiia OKpyacnjia lopKxoyHX) ct cymn; cx> iiopa kg ohxj 
Suixi OKpyH{eHX> (f)paHny3CKHMx> (|)jioxomx>. IlepBbie ;i,Ba pe^yxa 
6biJin nocxpoeHH aMepnKaHn,aMn no^x. HenocpeAcxBeHHbiMX> na- 
6ji¥)jiemeM'h BamnnrxoHa, noji,x, HenpepbiBHbiMX> rpaji,OMX. anrjiiH- 
CKHXX> 6om6x.. O^Ha 6oM6a ynajia Bosjit BamnHrxona, BspbLia 
sesoio no;],HaJia nijioe o6jiaKo nu.xH. CxoaBniifi pa^oMx. ex. Ba- 
m0HrxoHOMi. nacxopx> -SBaHCx., ropjiacb CBoeio xpaopocxbio, noKa- 
3ajix> rjiaBHOKOMaH;i,yK)n;eMy cboh) uijiany, noKpbixyio nbiJibio. «Bbi 
6u jiyqme noKasam axo Bamen jKBHi n j^txaMx,)), 3aMtx0JiX) eaiy 
Bani0HrxoHX>. Korjta roxoBbi 6biJiH Oaxiapen, BamnHrxoHX> co6- 
cxBeHHopyqHO paspa^nJix. nepByio nyuiKy — n bx> oxBtiX) pasjiajica 
a^CKin xopx> coxhh nyuieKX, h Mopxnpx.. Ptiueno 6hjio bshxb 
nepBHe anrjiiHCKie pe^yxbi mxypMOMX,. Bam0HrxoHX), OKpyjKeH- 
Hufl CBOHMH renepajiaMH, naxoAHJica na rjiaBHofi Saxxapet c.it- 



TEOPri. BAIUHHrTOH'B. 71 



ji;Hjn> 3a aMcTBiaiiH cok)3hiikobt> ct, HaiipaaceHHHMi, BeHMaflieMi.. 
Oahht. H3'b ajii.H)TaHTOBT> sawliTHi^ esiy, mo OHt ciOHTt Ha 
onacHOMT) MicT'fe, Ha ^TO BarnHHrTOHi, Boapasaji'L: «Ec.iih bh na- 
xoj,HTe axo Mtcio onacHBiMT>, to Moaceie ocxaBHTb ero». Kor^a 
3,33. pe^yia 6bijm HaKoneuT. bshtw, BamiiHrTOHt rjiyooKO bsaox- 
nyjit H CKasajit: «/l,fejio cj.'fe.iaHO, c^tJiaHO xopomo». nonniviafl, 
iTO ero ji.'fejio npoarpano, ocooeHHo Bt bhav neBosMoacHOcrn noABO- 
3HTB CTjicTHLie npnnacH, KopHBajuinct ptmnaca na KanniyjiHiiiio. 
YciOBia ea ohjih CTbAyiomia: lopKioyH-L h rjiociept nepe^aBa- 
jiHCB aMepiiKann.aM'L, a 6pnTaHCKieKopa6.in—AP-rpaccy; 7,000 ot- 
6opHaro anrjiificKaro cyxonyiHaro BoticKa CTanoBBJiiicb BoeHHO- 
njiiHHbiMH aMepHKann.eB'L, KOTopbie no.iyqajiH laKHce 11 Bce orne- 
CTptJBHoe opyacie aHrjinqaH'b. 

Kanniyjifluifl lopKioyHa omia ptuiHxejibHbiM'L yjiapoM-B, na- 
HecesHbDi'b AHrjiin. 9tiimt>, coocTseHHO roBopa, OKOH^njiHCb 
BoeHHbia aificTBia. Bca CTpaaa ojKHJia bi. oacnj^aHin OKOHqania 
BOHHLi. KoHrpeccb BBipasiiJiT) 6jiaro;i,apHOCTb BaiuHHriOHy, Po- 
majioo H Ae-Fpaccy n ptuiH.TL bI) naMait cjiaBHaro coSbiiia co- 
opyflHTb B-b lopKioyHt MpaMopHyio KOJiOHHy c^ aMOJieMawn coK)3a 
$paHi;i[i n AwepriKu. 

BamnHrTOHT) nepenpaBBJi^ cbok) apMiio na ctBep^, ocxaBHB'b 
(|)paHn,y30BT) b-l BiiprnHin, h caiit b^ Hoaopi noKHHyji'L lopK- 
xoynxj, Bt, O.ibxcaM'fe eiay npnmjiocL npncyxcxBOBaxB npa CMepxH 
CBoero nacuHKa, M-pa Kacxnca, ocxaBHsmaro uocit ceoa qexBe- 
ptixt MajiojixHHXTb /i-fexeo. Il3'b HHXi. ABoe MJiajtmnxt ohjih bho- 
c.Ti;b;i;cxBiH ycbiHOBJieHH BamnHrxoHOjiT); ohh jio Kosna ero acnsHH 
He pascxaBajincb ci. hhmx. u Bnojmt saMtHn.iii eiiy jx^ieii. Ho 
nyxn bx. ^HJiajejibcJiiio Haceienie Be3;i;t ch TopjKecxBOMX. Bcxpfe- 
qajio BauiHHrxoHa. Bca cxpaea, ji;a h caMa AHrjiia xeriepb aca- 
ac^ajin Miipa. TtMt ne Mente na KOHrpecct Baiii0HrxoHX> na- 
cxaHBajt Ha yBejiaqemn aMepaKaHCKofi apiiin. cnpaBe^iJinBO no- 
jaraa, 1x0, xojibko HMta cujitHyio apMiio, AjiepHKa MomexX) ahk- 
TOBaxb AHrjiia yc.iOBia iiapa. KoHrpeccx> corjiacHJica cl axHMX) 
MH-feHieMT}, H BO Bct mxaxu pasocjiaHbi obiJin ii,npKyjiapbi ho- 
bomx> Haoop'b. Ho apsiia naoiipajiacb bhjio, xaKX> KaKx> Bci yBt- 
penu 6bi.xn bx> CKopoMT> saKJuoqeniH MHpa, TaKx> nxo BamwHrxoHy 
npiiuiJiocb ;i0B0.ibcxB0BaTbca Bcero xojibko 10,000 bohckomx>. 

Bx. 3X0 Bpeiia bx> apjiin nanajin oSHapyaciiBaxbca xoHAeHiiiH 
btj nojb3y KOHCxiixyitioHHofi iiOHapxiii, npmeM'b BepxcBHyio 
B.iacTb ptiiieHO obi.io npe^JiGacHXb BainiiHrxoHy, KaKX. ejHHCXBeH- 



72 JKII3HI. SAMlitlATE.'ILHLIX'L .IIOJIEH. 

HOMy HejioB^Ky, na KOTopoMi. cocpenoToqiiBajiHCb CHMnaiin apiaiH 
H HacejieHifl. B-l KOHut aiaa 1782 r. b-b stomt. cMwcjit cocia- 
B.ieHa osijia saniicKa. KOTopaa chjibho BCTpeBOHCiwa raaBHOKOMan- 
jyiomaro. BotTj tito oht, oTBtiaji'B aBTopy ynoMaHyxoit aanacKH: 
«ii Ouji'b KpaHHG nopaacGHi), ysnaBi) o T-fexi Barjianaxi), KaKie 
Bbi pacnpocTpaHfleie. CiitK) Baci. yBtpnib, qio BxeqeHie 

BCefi BOHHLI HliqiO He npH'IHHHJIO MH-fe TaKOTO OFopneHifl, KaKT) 

ii3B'bcTie TOMX. 'iTO Bi. apMiK) npoHHOii Mi.icjia, Beyujaiomia 

MHi TaKde OTBpamdHie. H IIOJIOHCHTOJIhHO He BT) CHJiaXt nOHHTb, 

qio B-b MoeMT> noBeAGHiH ir bo Bceft Moeii jkbshu mofjio noAaib 
noBO/i;T> TaKOMy a;^pecy, Koxopbiii, KaK'b aiH'fe KajKexca, ne mojkcxT) 
oo'femaTb Moejiy oxeqecxKy HHiero, KpoMt Bejinqaoiiinx'b6'i^ACTBifi. 
HacKO.ibKO a .SHaio ceoa, bli Bpa;!,^ .10 Morjin 6u Hafixu Jipyroe 
jiQn;o, KoxopoMy Baiuii njiaHW oujih 6li Sojite HeripiflXHbi». 9xh 
cxpoKH He HyHf;i,aK)xca bx. KOMMeHxapiaxi,. KaKaa rpoMajtnaa 
pasHHua Biia,Ha 3ji,kch jieacjiy BaiunHrxoHOMx. 11 HanojieoHOMx.! 

BamnnrxoHX) hb pacnycKajix> apMia ji,o xlixX) nopx., noKa h3X) 
EBpoiiu He npnniJio nsB-fecxia saoio'ieHin sinpa. Bx apMin 
OAHaKO 6ujio HecnoKofiHO. 0({)iiu,epbi xpeBoaciiJincb, qxo koh- 
rpeccx> He BbinjiaxnxX) hmx. acajioBanba, a Thwb Mente cxanexX) 
BunjaqHBaxb nojKHBHeHHyio neHciio; He/^OBOJibcxBO, nojicxpeKaeMoe 

aHOHHMHblMU .IHCXKaMII, rp0311JI0 HepeflXH BX> OXKpblXblH 6yHXX>. 

0(J)HiiepH HaKoneiiXj ptmajiQ ycxpoHXb coSpanie cb u'LibH) npn- 
HHXb iitpbi HJia ooesueqeHia uHxepecoBX, apMin. Baiu0HrxoHX> 
iiOHiiiiajix.. qxo A'fe-io MoaiexX) OKOHiHXbca itjioxo. xaKX. KaKii 
0(|)Huepbi 6ujia Kpafme BOsdyjKjteHbi; ohx. BcaqecKa oxxflrHBajix> 
co6paHie, qxo6bi ^axb o^HiiepaMi, ycnoKOHXbca, ho saupexnxb 
coCpaHie He xoxtrb, noHiLMafl cnpaBe/^JiHBOCXb xpeSoBaHifi apMia. 
Korjia 0(|)imepbi HaKonenix. coopajincb ji,Jiii oocyni/ieHia a'I^jiX) 
apMia, xo HeojKH/iaHHO Boiire.iix> bx KOMHaxy rjiaBHOKOMaHji,yion;iH, 
xoxa He 6biJix npiirjiauieHX> na coopanie. Ohx> nepBbiMx. aojifomx. 
HSBHHUJica Bx> xoMX,, qxo xaKXj BHeaanHo noaBHJica na coSpaHin, 
CKaaaBX., qxo cqaxajiX) nyacHHUMx. Bupaaiixb n cboh MHtaia, 
Koxopbia om> ii3JiO}Knj[x> nHCbiieHHo h npogxexij ex. no3BOJieHia cbo- 
Hxx> xoBapHmeii. Cx, d'umu cjiOBaMH ohx. BbiHy.ix> n3x> Kapsiana 
CBepxoKx. oyMam n pasBepHy.ix. ero. «rocno3,a, Bbi MHfe no3Bo;i0xe 
Hafltxb o'lKH, — CKa3ajiX) ohx>, HaA^Baa hxx>: — a BHKy, qxo ne 
TOJibKO noc'feA'feJit, HO oc.ilinx, na cjiyjKot oxeqecxBy». 9xo saMt- 
qanie Bbi3Ba.io y MHoriixx> na rjia3axx. c.iesu. Ptqb BaiuHHrxona 
oujia npoHHKHyxa rjiyooKHMX, qyBCXBOMX,. OHX>A0Ka3HBajix> 0(|)ime- 
paMx. qxo BX) a^hhoc Bpexia He c.iitAyexx> 6pocaxb xtna no;i,o3p'feHia 



rEOPrii BAUIHHrTOHl. 73 



Ha BHcmiH aBTopHTeTt CTpaHLi, roRopa, qio neqero He HM'teT'B 
npoTHBT> Toro, hto6lt apMia ns.iojKHJia cboh hejiooh; OHt opn- 
SaBHJit, qTO Bcerj],a 6liji'l jtpyroM'L apMin, CBnutiejieMi. en cxpa- 
jtaHifi, Bcer^a paaoBajiCH en ycn-fexaMi. ii He MOHfeTi) oespasjiH'JHO 
OTHOCHTLCfl IxTj ea iiHTepecaM'b. Oei oS'feHi.aji'b c^tJiaTb Bce, 
^^6 BT) ero BJiacin, ji.ia. yj^OBJieTBopeHia saKOHHbixi) TpeOoBaHiS 
apMiH n 3aKJiHHaji'b C(|)^^epoB'I> u:i5traTb TaKHxt ptmeeifi, ko- 
Topua Mor.10 6li noBJicHb 3a coooio rpaiiyaHCKyio Bofiny. Bne- 
qaTJitnie dron p-feqn ou.io noji,aB.TaK)iuee. Ilocjit y/iajiCHia Ba- 
uiHHrTOHa o(|)unepLi pascyjKAaJin He^ojiro ii eji,HHOi];yniHO ripn- 
Hajiii pe30JiK)ii,iK) 6JIaroJ^apHTb oaBeoKOMaH^iyiomaro n Bbi- 
pa30TL CBoe J^OB'fepie kt> Konrpeccy n CTpaat. Ilocjit aio- 
ro Bi) apMia BOSciaHOBiiJiocb cnoKoitcTBie. Koerpeccb jiM- 
CTBHTB-iLHO BHajiTi npocb6aMi> BauinHrioHa a nociapajica yAOBJie- 
TBopHTb cnpaBeA-UHBua ipeooBaeia apMiw. / 

BcKopt BarauHrTuH'b nojiyqnji'b o(|K{)imiajibeoe ii3B'fenieHie^-i> 
TOMt, nw BT) napHHct noj];nncaHi. Miipabifi AoroBop^, no/iTBeJP- 
jK;i:aBmin eeaaBHCHMOCTb AMepHKaacKaro Coiosa. Torjia koh-^ 
rpeccT> pacnycTH.iii Sojibiuyio qacib apiiin: BCJitji,!. saitMi, 
aHrjinMane oqncTn.iii llbio-IopKi., Ky^a xenepb TopHcecTBeaeo 
BciynoH aMepnKaHn,bi ciy renepajiOM'b BauiHHrTOHOM'b bo rjiaBt. 

BamoHrioHy ocTasajiocb xenepb lOJibKO oiKasaxbca nepejtx 
KOHrpeccoMT> oxx. CBoefi jtojiaceocxn. Ho cHa'iajia oh^ AOJUKenX) 
fibi.iT) npocxnxbca ct> o^jHHepaMH, ii 9xo npomaHie 6biJio o^eHb 
lajKejio BamnHrxoHy. Oho npoH3on].TO 4-ro ;^eKa6pa B-b oahoh 
iHSTi ropoACKHX'b xaBepH-b, Ky^a coopajincb Bct o({)0n,epbi u nxt 
iiiGonMbin BOJKAb. BauiHHrxoH'b 6bijn) cjiuniKOM'b BSBOJiHOBaH'b, qxo- 
5h CKpuxB CBOH lyBCXBa. HanojiHHB'b CBoii cxaKaa-b bhhom'b, oh-l 
CKa3a.i'b: «Ct> cepOTSMX,, nojiHbiMX) jhoSbh h o.iaroAapHocxH, a 
paMT. roBopio xenepb Moe nocjitAHee npocxn. Oxi Bcefi ajuih 
acejiaio, qxo6bT BamH nocji'fejyiomie jihh dbiJin xaKX) ace Sjiarono- 
JiyqHbi n cqacxjiHBH, KaKX. Bamn npejKHie j[EVi Obijih ii:o6.!iecxHU 
ii cjiaBHU». BbinHBi) CBofi cxaKaex., ohx> npH6aBHJn>: «H He Mory 
tioji,ofixH H npocxiixbca ex. KaiKjtbiMX, m3x> BacX) bx. oxAliJiBHOcxn; 
H(i Bbi o'leHb Mena oOajKexe, ecJin KaacAbiH h3X. Bacx. noAofiAexXj 
xo Met II iioAacxX) Mat CBOK)pyKy». reeepajix> Hokcb, cxoaBuiit 
MO/Ke j];pYrnxx> kxj BamiiarxoHy, nojtomejix. kx. HOMy nepBBiH. 
BaiuHHrxoHX) ne bx. cajiax'b Sujix. npoasHecxH hh o;i,Horo cjiOBa: 
dhxj cxBaxnjix> HoKca 3a pyicy n oSea.ix. em. TaKx>-JKe npocxHJica 
3HX. H cx> ocxajibHbiMn 0(|)nii,epaMH. V Bchxi, npHcyxcxByH)ni,Hxx, 
fjiasa HanojiHHJincb cjiesaMH. Hrkxo He npopoHHj'b hh cjioBa, 



74 JKH3HB SAM'fiqATEJILHblX'L JIIOJIEII. 

qTo6bi He HapymaiL TopacecTBeHHOcxii ii xporaiejiBHocTfl aioro 
nocjiiTi^Haro CBHAaHia. HoJKaB'L Bcfeu'L pyKy, BaniHHrxoH'b bh- 
meJiT) nsTE) KOMHaxu h HanpaBHJica k-l npHcxann, rjii-fe oacH/tajia 
ero uiJiionKa. Jtojiro erue, cxoa b-l lUJiionK'fe, BaiuHHrxoHX. Meji,JieH- 
Ho pasMaxnBajit iiiMnofi, npomaact ct j^oporaMii xoBapnmaMH. 

BesA'fe napoji'L, qjienu saKOHOAaxe.ibHux'b co6paHiH h pas- 
JlE^Ema. oomecxea xopjKecxBeHHO BcxptqajiH BamaHrxoHa, ixaB- 
maro bT) AHHario.incB, ta^ sacfejiia.iX) KOHrpecct. 23 -ro i^eKa6pfl, 
BX) npHcyxcxBiH BcixX) iJieHOBx. KOHrpecca, BamnHrxoHX> cjiojkhji'l 
cb ce6fl AMJKHOcxb rjiaBHOKOJiaHAyiomaro. «OKOHq0Bx. xpya,x., 
BOSJiojKeHHbin Ha MeHa,— CKaaai-b npii bxomx, Baii]HHrxoHX>, — a 
y^ajiHiocb c'b SToro BejiHKaro xeaxpa j^iflcxBiH. il npomaiocb cx> 
axHMX, BbicoKimxi coSpaHieM'b, uoax> pyKOBOjicxBOMX. Koxoparo xaKX) 
ji,ojiTo jtMcxBOBajix,, II, oxKasHBaacb oxx> lOJiHiHOCxa, naBcerAa 
noKH/i,aK) cSmecxBCHHyio HCH3Hb». CX) 9TnMH cjoBaMe OHX) noa,o- 
mejiX) Kx, npeACtjiaxejiK) a Bpyiinjix> eMy cboh oxKasx. oxx> ;i;ojiacHOCXH. 

Bx> xoxX) He AGHb BauiHHrxoHX. uxnpaBHJicfl bxj MoyHxX)-Bep- 
HOHX., TA'fe npoBejiT, KanyHX) PoH;i;ecxBa nocjit BOCbMUJiixnaro 
oxcyxcxBifl. 

OABA VII. 

riepepbiBi) o6Li;ecTBeHHOM A^^Te^ibHocTM BamnHrTOHa. 

Hacxpoenie BamiiiirroHa nocji'fe BOSBpameHia Bt MoyHTt-BepHOHt.— 
3a6oTi>i pasBniin bo;i,hhxx> nvTefi coo6in,eHi^ . — IIocji'tAHee CBiijanie 
cb Jla(})aneTOMt.— 3a6oTH BaujiiHrxoHa o pacnpocxpaneHiH Hapo;i,Haro 
oopasoBaHiii . — 3aeflTiH ceJitcKUMt xo3flricTBOM'b ii ca;i,OBOji,CTBOMi>.— 
npii>3AT> MHOHiecTBa nocfcTiixejiefi Bt MoyHit-BepHOHi, ii oOuiHpHaa 
uepeuucKa BamuHrToea. — YqacTie BaraiiHrTOiia bi cocxaB.iemu koh- 
cxHxyi^iu CoejiiiHeHHi.ix'B HIxaxoBi,. - H36paHie BamimrTOHa npesiuen- 
X0M7. CoejiuneHHtixT. niiaTOBT). 

Bojiie BOCbMn Jifex) He 6hjix> yace BamnHrxoHX> bx> MoynxX)- 
BepHOH-fe, II HaKOHeii,x>, no OKOH^ianin bohhm, Korji,a cjiaBa ero 
rpeM-fejia na secb Mipx^, mopx, ohx> cb co3HaHieMx. ncnojiHeHHaro 
AOJira oxAOXHyxb bx. CBoeMX> jiioohmomxj MnpnoMX) yrojiKt noc.i'fe 
Bctxx> nepeHeceHHbixx> hmX) xpy/i;oBX), onacHOcxett n JiHiueHift. 
Ohx> HcaacAajix. ciioKoficxBia, ye;i;nHeHiH, saHHxiH cbohmx> xosafl- 
cxBOMX), Koxopoe Kx> xoMy ace bx. ero oxcyxcxBie npiiiiiJio bX) 
paacxpoHCXBo BCJi'feji,cxBie boBhu. .'Iiiqnbie pacxoji,bi BamiiHrxoHa 
3a nocj[tji,Hie roAM cocxaBJiflJiH Kpyimyio cyM.My, rjiaBHbiMX> o6pa- 
30MX. noKpLiBaBuiyioca jtoxo^aMH cxj J\loyHxx>-BepHoua, xaKX^ KaKX) 
OHX) He noJiyqaJix> najioBaHba bo BpoMa boShm, a nocjit BoiiHbi 
oxKasajica cxxj npejjiojKeHia KOHrpecca BoaM-fecxaxb ero ^eneac- 



TEOPr'L BAinHHrTOHt, 75 



HHe pacxoji,bi, IIorpysnBfflBCb bt> cBoe cejitcKoe xobahctbo, Ba- 
fflflHrroHi) OHJi'B BnojiHli AOBOJieBTj cBoeio cy;i,b6oK), KaK-L bh^ho 
HSi. ero nncbMa ki. JIa(|)afleTy b^ (|)eBpavTfe 1784 roAa: «HaKO- 
Bewb a CA^Jiajica qacxHbiMT) rpajK/tanHHOMi. na Seperaxi. IIoto- 
MaKa, n nojt'b TtHbio mohx^ BHHorpa;i;HHKOBi> n (|)nroBbixT> ji;e- 
peBbeBii, CBO^onHbifi OTT) cyxojiOKH jiarepnoH atiisen n ott. jykjio- 
BHX'b crteH'b oomecTBGHHofi A'feaTejibHOCTH, a Bnojini HacjiaiKAaiocL 
TtMH TnxeMH pajtocTHMH. KOTopbixi> HM'feeT'b BGCbMa cjiaSoc npeji- 
CTaBjenie bohhi., roHaiomincfl 3a cjiaBoio, rocyjiapcTBeHHbin qe- 
jOB'feKi, nocBflmaiomiH CBO0 ;i,Hn n 6e3coHHbm Hoqa cociaBJieHiK; 
npoeKTOB-b AJifl noAHflxiH 6jiarococToaHm poAHofl cipaHbi 11 6biTb 
Moacexi. ji.ia naneceHia Bpe;ia 3;pyrHMx> cxpaHaMx., KaK-b 6yjixo 
axoxx. aeMHoii inap-b ne Moacex-b BMicxHXb BctxT. aacb, — h.ipi 
iiapej^Bopei;!), nocxoanHo cjitji.amin sa BbipajKeaieMX. Jiau^n. 
CBoero noBejiHxejia bi HaAeHc;!,^ yBn^'fexb MHJiocxnByio yjibi6Ky. ii, 
HexojibKO yAajiii.ica oxtj o6ra,ecxBeHHbix'b Jtijiij, ho coSflpaio^xa 
yfixH Bx. caMoro ceda n Haji,iK)Cb aafixH nojiaoe BHyxpeHHee yjiJ- 
B.iexBopenie, oji;hhoko coBepmaa cboh acHSHenHbift nyxb h me- 
cxBya no exeat qacxHoii jkbshh. HnKosiy ne aaBii^ya, a ptmnji- 
ca OHXb Bciii^ jiOBOJibHbiMX). BoxT> btj Hacxoauiee BpeMa njiaax. 
Moero noxo^a, 11 a 6oj;po dy^y JiBaraxbca nojix. ropy mchshh, 
noKa He ycny cb mohmh npcAKaMn», Cnycxa HeMHoro ohi nacajiXj 
renepajiy HoKcy: «fl qyBCTByio ce5a, KaK-b yxoMJieHHbiH nyx- 
HiiKX), Koxopuft, coBepuiHBX. iMHoro MyqHxejibHbixx> maroBX. ex. xa- 
jacejion Homefi na cnnn'li, HaKOHeux> ocBo6o3K;i,aexca oxx> xaace- 
cxH, jocxurHyBx. xqxoii DpncxaHH, h ex. nopora CBoero Aowa orjia- 
^UBaexca naaaj^X), eme pasx. oonnMaa Mwcjibio xfe xponnHKH, no 
KoxopHMX> OHx> 036t}Kajix> cbinyqHXx. necKOBx> h Ogjioxx., jieacas- 
uiHXX) Ha ero nyxH». 

Bx, nepBHH Hce roAX> no B03Bpain.eHin bx> MoyHxx>-BepHOHx., 
feamHHrxoHx> oxnpaBiiJica ocMaxpaBaxb cboh sejiJiH K'b 3anaji,y 
oxxj AjixeraH0Bx>, npioSp-fexenHwa hmx. enie jio peBo;iH)n,iH. Oahok) 
p3x> rjiaBHLixx> n.'fejieH axoro nyxemecxBia 6biJio 6jinace 03HaK0MHXb- 
a CO CBoficxBaMH p-feKX), xeKyn],Hxx> ex. A.xjieraHOBx. h Bnajtaro- 
uj,Hxx> Bx. Orio, n iiocMoxpixb, Hejib3a jiii coeAnnnxb hxx. Kana- 
laMn ex. IIoxoMaKOMX. njin JI,jKeMC0Mx., BJiHBaioiuHMHca bx. OKeanx., 
a xaKJKe ex, BejiHKnMU OsepaMH. He CMOxpa na CBon 52 ro^a. 
BamnnrxoHX. ex. y^iOBOJibexBieMX. coBepmnjix. 9x0 nyxemecxeie Bep- 
s;0MX, Ha KOH'fe BMtcx'b cx> ;ipyroMX> cbohmx. KpBKOMX., BcnoMn- 
aaa 6HJbia Bpeiieaa Boimbi ex. (})paHu,y3aMii, HO'iya no;i,x> OTKpbi- 
rHMX. HeooMX. cpe;i,H BejinqecxBeHHofi npapo^bi, Koxopaa ojaa ne 



7(i HCn3Hb SAM'feqATEJII.HHX'b JHOIEH. 

HSMtHiiJiacb, xoTfl btj cjjibSaxi, .iK);i;eH npoHSoiuao ctojibko ne- 
peM-feHT.! KaKi. bhaho iistj ero ;i,HeBHUKa, BamHarTOHi, oopamaii. 
GojiBuioe BHnMauie na BsanMHoe nojioJKeme ptKi), na xi nyHKiti 
nxT), Tx^ eMy Kasajiocb yaoohmmi. ycipoficTBO npHCTanefi h 
T A- Oh-b xoxiijii. 6mjio no Orio cnycxnTbca Kiy BejinKofi KenraB'k, 
HO, ycjihnuaBT> o BpaHCAeOBOM'b Hacxpoenin TaMouiHHX'b an^'fefi- 
ueBX) KX) StjibiMi., npeAnoqejiT. BepnyxbCH b'b MoyHxx>-BepHOHT>, 
npotxaBx. BT>' o6ra,et cjiojkhocxh okojio 700 anrji. MHJib. Bi> 
MoyHxi-BepsoHt orb BbipaSoxajiX) npocKTi, BHyxpeHHsro cyji,o- 
xo^cxBa Ha ocHOBaHiH CBonxx. coocxBeHHUX'b Ha6jiEoii,eHiii. B-b 
pasBHxia BHyxpeHHen naBHrauin, bx> ;i,aeHOMi. cjiy^ai bxj coeji;H- 
HeHiH p'feK'b, SepyruHxX) na^iajio bx Ajuieranaxx. n Hecymax^ 
BOHH CBOir bT) Orio, cx> noxoMaKOMb h /I,aceMCOM'b. ohx> BHji.'bjix. 
MorymecxBGHHbifi cxHMyjix> fljia pasBiixia BHyxpeHHefl xoproBJiH 
iTi npoMbiuiJieHHOcxii n ji,Jifl cS.iHKCHia mxaxoBi) JiejKAy co6oio; eMy 
iu'>ii3ajiocb, ^xo ox^liJibHbie mxaxH He cosHaioxx. o6m,Hocxn CBonxX) 
dT^'pecoBXi 11 qacxo ObiBaiox'b npoHHKHyxbi napxHRyjiapHSMOMX) 
noxosiy, qxo pt^KO npuxoAax-b bt, conpuKocHOBeHie Jtpyrx> cii 
jtpyroMX), a axo, no MHtniio BamnHrxoHa, HeHSotJKHO ji;oji3kho 
ocjiaSjiflXb (|)eAepai;iK). 3xn vijievi BamnHrxoHa Haui.iH ceSi npn- 
M-feHenie n ocyni,ecxBJieHie nacxbio npn oro jkhshh, qacxbio no- 
cjiii ero CMspxii. 

BT) HoaSpt, K^ 6oj[bmoii paAocxH BamuHrxoHa, npitxajn> K-b 
neiiy rocxMXb bt^ MoyHx-b-BepHOHX) jipyrX) ero JIa({)anex'b, IIpo- 
acHBi. OKOJIO Mtcai^a y BauiHerxoHa, JIac}>aHex'b Jtojiaceni) 6hWb 
ytxaxb BO <3>paHniK). BauiHHrxoH'b, r.iySoKO Jiio6nBmiH h ysa- 
jKaBmifi 9xoro qeJioB'liKa, xaKT> oesKopwcxao nocjiy^Kneiuaro j],'fejiy 
AMepnim, ex. fiojibinoio rpycxbio pa3cxaBa.'ica co cbohmx. mo- 
jiOAHMx. jtpyroMX) — h, npeA^yBcxeya, mo axo Syjtexx, hxX) no- 
cjitAHee cBnaanie, caMx. npoBOAUJiij ero ^o AnaanojiHca. Bep- 
HyBUiucb AOMOH, BaniBHrxoHX) nanocajix. Jla^afiexy c.xlijtyiontia 
cxpoKH: «Bt> momchxtj Haineii pasjiyiai, a rjiyooKo qyBCXBOBajiX) 
.iiK)6oBb, yBajKenie n npHBasaaaocxb k-b BaMX>, BOSHnKuiia bo mh^ 
noAt B.iianieM'b MHorojitxaaro ooEneHia ii ApyJKOu ct> Basm h 
noAi> BJiianieMX) Bam0xx> sacjiyrx.. Korja Hamn Kapexbi paaTji-i 
xajiHCb, a Bce cnpani0Bajn> ce6a, neyjKejin a BHA'feJi'fc sacx. bx. 
nocjitjAHin pa3i>? Xoxa a JKejiajix> oxBi'iaxb wbmh, ho AOJiacenX) 
6ujii> oxB'Iiqaxb da. II BcnoMHHJn> ahh Moeii iohocxh, Koxopme 
AaBHO yjKe naBcerAa y-nextjiH, BcnoMHH.i'b, qxo xenepb cnycKaiocL ^ 
cx> ropH, Ha Koxopyio B36npajica Bxeqenie 52-xT) Jitx-b, qio, i 
necMOxpa sa KptnKoe xfcjiocjiojKeHie, a npaHaA-ieiKy kx> He^ojiro- 



rEOPri) BAUi0HrTOHT>. 77 



B'fcqHofl ceMB'b ii cKopo oyAy norpeoeH'b co cbohmii npe;i,KaMn. 
9th MbicjiH crycTH.iu xtHii, npH;i;aBt Mpaqebift oTTinoKt KapinH't, 
a cJitnoBaieJibeo n Moefi Ha/ieacAL eme pasi. yBHA'feTb Bacb*. 
HpeA^yBCTBia BamiinrTOHa onpaB;i,a.iiHCb: ohi. oo.ibuic ne Biu'tjcfl 
Ch JIa(j[)afieTOM'b, ho Hni;or;i,a se lepajn) ero list BH^y a bo Bpesia 
$paHity3CKon peBOJUoi^iH BcnqecKn ciapajica oSjierqiiib ero la- 
Hce.iyK) cy^boy. JIa(j[)aiieTy yAajiocb ocBoooAiiTbca us-h TiopbMbi, 
OTqacTii ojiaroAapa B-iiaHiiO BaniHHrTOHa. 

IIpocKT'L BamnHrTOHa o pasBmiii BOAHbixi. nyieii cooSuie- 
Hia ObiJi'L npimaxi. saKOHO^aTejibHbiM'b co6paHieMT> BnprHHin 
(1785 r.), n CKopo cociaBHJiocb ;i;Ba o6mecTBa jiJia. ocymecxBJie- 
Hia iipoeKxa BauiHHrxoHa— noxoMaKCKoe h A^eMCKoe. Biiprns- 
cKoe coopanie ptmnjio noAnecxEi BamimrxoHy, KaKX. nHHiiiaxopy 
axoro A'J^Jia, 150 aKiiifi odonxx. o6mecTBX> na cyauiy dojite 60,000 
AO.JiJiapoBx>. BaiiiuHrxoHT> npHHa.iXj 3xoxX) ;i,eHeacHLiH no;],apoKX., 
HO ex. yc.iOBieMXj, qio eMy nosBOJieno 6y/i,exx> ynoxpeooxb ero na 
KaKoe-HHSynb nojiesHoe o6niecxBeHHoe A'feJio. BainHHrioHX. nojKepx- 
BOBajix. 100 aKiiift bt> nojibsy ojiHoro Bbicmaro yqeSnaro sase- 
;ieHia bX) rpa(|)CXBii PoKopiiAJKXi, noJiymBinaro ex, xtxx, nopx> na- 
SBaaie Ko.Me/iJKa BauiiiarxoHa; 50-ace aKii,iH BamnHrxoHX. saB'Is- 
n],ajix> Ha ocnoBanie n pacninpeHie yanBepciixexa bx> OKpyrt Ko- 
JiyM6in. IIoJiyqiiBx, caMX> oopasoBaHic Becbjia CKyjiHoe, Bamanr- 
TOHx> T'tiiXj He Mente 6hiJii> ropainMX) ctopohhhkomx> npocB'feme- 
Hia Hapo;i,a, ocoSeHHO BajKHaro, no ero MHliHiio, bx> pecnySjinKaa- 

CKOM'b OOmeCTB'fc, r^t OOmeCTBOHHOe MH'tHie pyEOBOAUJIO BC'bMII 

jt-feHCXBiaMH npaBiixcjibCXBeHHbixx. yqpeacAenifl. OcoOeHHO chjib^- 
3Kejajix> BamimrTOHx,, qxo6bi bx> AMepaKt B03hhkx> Haii,ioHa.ib- 
Hufi yHHBepcMTexx> Ha eBponeiicKin jra^x,, ho axa H^ea npiiee- 
;ieHa obi.ia bx> ecnojiHeHie Jiniiib iiocji'b ero ciiepxn. yHiiBepciixex-b, 
;^yMajiocL eaiy, Sojiie BCHKaro jipyroro yqpeHCAema cnocooeHX) 
ucKopeniixb M'kxHbie npcApascy/lKii n cnocoocTBOBaxb cjiiflHiio 
pa3HopoAHbixx> cocxaBHbixx. qacxefi ({)e;iepaii,iH. Oomie jiyxoBHue 
flHxepecbi KasajiHCb BaiuMHrxoHy ne iiewhe BajKHbiMu ji^Jia o6x,e- 
;i;iiHeeia Han,iH, qtMX> o6iu,ie HHxepecLi aKOHOMHqecKie. Eme oojibuie 
aaooTHJica ohx, o pacnpocxpaneHm SHaHifi bXj Hapo;i,Hbixx, Maccaxx,(' 
Iljoa xain, nasuBaeMbixx. HapoAHbixx> yHiiBepciixeTjBX>, koxo- 
pbiMH Hbmli xaKx. rop;iHxca AaiepuKa, yace npHXOAioa bx> rojiosy 
ea ocBoSoAuxejiH). 06mee H;i;enHoe oOpasoBaHie, na pa^y ex. 
npo({)eccioHajibHbiMX>, npeACxaejiajioeb eaiy, ne CMOxpa na A'fejiOBofi 
CK.iajlTi ero yjia, qpesBbiqanno Ba>KHbiMX>, n oht. A0Ka3biBajix>, 
qxo Ha 9X0 rocyj^apcxBO ne /i,ojikho ni,aAHXi> aaxpaxx., Koxopua 



78 aCHSHb SAM-BqATEJIbHHXTb JIIO;i,EH. 

B'b SyjiymeMi. OKynaxcii CTopnueio. UJ^eApoio pyKOio ejKerojiHO 
acepiBOBajiT) oh-l h31) cbohx'l .in^Hbixi. cpeACiBi) KpynHbia cyMMH 
Ha cupoTCKia uiKOJibi, aKaji,eMiH h KOJi-iejacn. Bt. noibsy eocna- 
TEHia StAHHXx jfeieii btj A.ieKcaHApiH ohi. bhochjit. eaceroAHO 
50 (|)yHT. CT. n, yMMpaa, saBtmajiT) j^Jia axofr ^Irh 4,000 joji- 
jiapoBTj. MnornxTj 6'bAHbixTj lOHomefi oh^ cojiepjKajnj Ha cboh 
cqeT^, ebkI) B'b Bbicuinx'b. xaK-b u B'b cpeAHHX'b niKO.iax'b. Heqero 
n roBopnib, qio oH'b AaJii) ocHOBaxejibHoe oopaaoBaHie cbohmT) 
MHoroiHCJieHHbiM'b njieMaHHEKaMT) H noxoMcxBy cBoero nacbiHKa. 
CejibCKoe xosaflcxBo. KaK-b BcerAa bo Bpeaia npeoHBanifl 
B'b ;],epeBH'£, ciiJibHo sanHMajio a xenepb B.iaA'b.ibua Moynx'b- 
BepHOfla. ^xoobi BoacraHOBiixb noxepn B'b xosaBcxBfe bo Bpema 
cBoero oxcyxcxBia, BaiuHHrxoH'b saBCJi-b cxporyio aKOHOMiH). ^oj- 
roji'fexHiri onHX'b y6'feji;HJi'b ero, qxo xadaK'b cnjibHO Hcxomaex'B 
noiBy, H noxoMy, xoxqacb nocji'fe BOSBparnenia B'b CBoe HM-fenie, 
OH'b saBeji'b y ce6a HOByio njiOAOCMtHHyio cHcxewy: nuieHHn,a, 
MaHCb, Kapxo(|)e.ib, oBecb, KopMOBHa xpaBbi a Jipyrie 3JiaKn no- 
cji'feAOBaxejibHO sacfeBajiiicb na oAHOM'b h xoM-b ace iioji'fe qepeat 
onpeA'feJteHHbie iipoMeacyxKR BpeMena. BamaHrxoH'b Haopocaji'b 
jiajKe cxeMy nocfeBOB'b na H-fecKOJibKO Ji'fex'b Bnepe^T) h oqenb 
yj^aqHO ocymecxBJiaJi'b ee jio caMofl CBoea CMepxH. B'b 3eM;ie;it.iiH, 
KaK-b H B'b BoeHHOM-b HCKyccxB-fe, OH'b OHJi'b npeHt^e Bcero npaK- 
xiiK'b; OH'b SHajiTj ocooeHHccxH KaiKAaro KjioqKa CBoett sesiaH h 
pyKOBOAajica hmh, hjioxo yjifefl paaoapaxbca B'b arpoHOMaqecKHX'b 
KHHacKax'b. OqeHb JiioSaji'b BamaHrxoH'b a caAOBOACXBO. ^om'L 
CBoii OH'b oKpyjKHJi'b pomaaia, (j)pyKxoBbiMa ji,epeBbaMa, HB'fexHH- 
KaMH, opaHJKepeaMH, pasBo^aji'b BceBosMoacHbie SKsoinqecKie BH3;bi 
pacxemii, BbiuacbiBaa ax'b ns'b EBpona, Becx'b-Hnji.iH n x. «• 
Bojibmoit Jiyr'b nepe^'b /toMOM'b OH'b oScaAQJi'b AepeBbHMH h kj- 
cxapHHKaMB u caM-b HepliAKo noMoraji'b iipii 9xomx> B'b paSoxax'b. 
Ero qacxo mohcho Shjio BH^'iiXb B'b cajty ch c&ji^oBbnm HO/KHauaMH 
B'b pyKax'b, JinqHO 3aHHMaioni,aroca cxpascKott j^epoBbeBi.. CaAOB- 

HHKOB'b CBOHX'b OH'b BbinHCblBaJI'b 1131) EBpOHbl, npHAasaa OOJIb- 

moe 3Haqeflie pasBBxiio caAOBO^cxBa. 

He MaJio BpeMenn oAHaivo npaxoAMOCb ewy yA^Jiaxb mhofo- 
qacjieHHbiM'b nocfem.eHiaM'b, npeAMexoM'b Koxopbix'b c^'feJiajica xe- 
nepb MoyHX'b-BepHOH'b. 3to 6huo ne oco6eHHO-xo npiaxHO Ba- 
uiHHrxoHy, HO AOM'L ero SbiJi'b oxitpbix'b HJia. BC'fex'b. ocooeHHO 
ace jiJia. xlix-b, Koxopwe aBMJiHCb K'b HOMy no peK0MeHAan,iH 
ero Apyaea bjih cocjiyacaBn.eB'b, a Bcfe Bcxp'feqajia cb ero cxo- 



TEOPr-L BAmHHrT0H1>. 79 



pOHH npOCTOil H BtjKJIHBtlfi EpieMTj. B'b axoMt OTHOmeHiH 

Sojibmyio qacTb 6peMeHH Spaia na ce6fl ero }KeHa; ea npocTOia 
n j];ocTOHHCTBO BT) oOpameHiB npon3BOJt0Ji0 na Bctx'L npeKpac- 
CHoe Bne^iautHie, n Bcfe noKHjiiajiH jiomT) BamimrTOHa JtOBO.ibHtie, 
Booqiio yB0ji,tBi> ii;apHBfflee bi, neMt MHpHoe n raxoe ceMeiiHoe 
dacTBe. ^pyrHMT) 6'fe;i,CTBieMT> ;i,jia BJiaji'fejbn.a MoyHxi-BepHOHa 
6biJia ero o6iuiipHaa nepeuocKa cii apysbflMH h ch pasHbum bm- 
jtaiomHMiica oomecTBeHHbisin ^'fe^TejiaiiH EBpoubi n AjiepaKH. 
KaacAHH ;ieHb bt> MoyHTT>-BepHOHt nojiyqajiacb n.'fejiaa rpyj];a 
HHceMTj. IlepBoe Bpeiaa BaiUHHrTOHT) quTajn> hxtj h OTBtHajiTj na 
HEX-b ojiHH'b, HO noTOMi. upHiDJiocb npHrjiacHTb ceKpexapa. Oco- 
6eHH0 MHoro BpeMeen OTHHsiajin y Hero oxBtTbi Ha npocbSbi ero 
coc.TiyacHBii.eB'b BH;i,aTb hmtj cBH^'feTejibCTBa o BoeHHofl cjiyjKSt hjih 
noxoAaTaHCTBOBaib 3a hiixT) nepeA^b npaBoiejibCTBOM'b. JI,.ia y;i,o- 
BJieTBopenia ainx'b npocb6'b npnxo;];0jiocb qacaMH pbixbca B'b ji,t- 
jiOBHX'b AOKyMeHxaxi. h nHor;ia xojibKO hjih xoro, qxoobi yotjinTbca 
B'b HeocHOBaxejibHOCxn npExasaniii xoro uilh ^pyroro Jiau^a,. Ha- 
npaaceHHaa paSoxa Bpe;i,HO 0X3biBa.iacb na sAopoBb-b BauiHHrxoHa, 
Koxopbin K'b xojiy ace, BcxbACXBie oomnpHofl nepenncKii n npieMa 
rocxen, oienb Ma.io nojib30Ba.iiCfl yeAHHenieM'b n pi;];K0 Mort 
iipe^aBaxbca CBonM-b MHCJiaJi'b, 

yAajiHBm0Cb Cb apeHbi oSmecxBeHHoii jitaxejibHOCxH, Bamnnr- 
TOH'b o;i,HaKO He nepecxasaji'b BHHMaxejibHO CJitAHTb aa xoaomtj 
o6n];ecxBeHHbix'b jx^jit^. Ero ciiJibHO 3a6oxujia HenpciHOcxb cbh3H 
MeacAy oxfl'fejibHbiMH ^acxaMH (|)eAepaii,iii. Ilocji'b saoioqeHia smpa 
Ch AHr.iiefi M-fecxHbie nnxepecbi cxajin Bce ou.i'fee n Oo.ite BMcxyiQ. 
iiaxb Ha nepBHH njian'b, a axo rposnjio norydnxb xojibKO ixo 
oxBoeBaHHyK) nesaBHCHMOCXb. Konrpeccb, He HM'feBmiu Sojibuioi 
BJiacxn ji,ajKe bo Bpeiia BoiiHbi. xenepb noxepajj'b BcaKoe snaieHie; 
(|)yHKi],in saKOHOjtaxejibCXBa n ynpaBJienia (|)aKXHq:ecKn cocpe;i,o- 
xonnjincb B'b saKOHoji.axe.ibHbix'b co6paHiax'b oxji;'tjibHbix'b mxaxoBX), 
Koxopbie Hnqero ciumaxb ne xox'fejin ej];nHOo6pa3HOH cn- 
cxeM'fe aKOHOMnqecKOD dojiiixhkh, Heo6xo;];0MOH oji,HaKO jwa no- 
Kpuxia HanioHajibHaro AO.ira h jiJia. npoiiBtxama BHyxpeHHefi 
xoproBJiH. CoeAHHeHHbie IllxaxH jiouiHJiHCb Kpejii0xa B'b Espont h 
BHyxpH cxpaHbi nepeiK0BaJiH npoMbimjieHHbiH h xoproBbifi Kpa- 
SHCb. jlyHmie j^-feaxejin AMepnKH, n B'b xoM'b qiicji'fe BaniHHrxoH'b, 
cquxajiH HeooxoAHMbiM'b nepeciioxp'b KOHcx0xyi],i0 ycHJieHie 
BJiacxn Konrpecca. Plnwe o6m,ecxBeHHbie A-feaxe-iH flaq0HajiH coMH-b- 
Baxbca B'b ciiocooHOcxH KOJioHitt K'b caMoynpaBJieHiio h BbicxynajiH 



80 acaSHb 3AM^qATEJIbHblXT> JIH)AEH. 



CTOpOHHUKaMH KOHCTHTyuiOHHOII MoHapxiii Ha DOAOOie aHMincKofi. 
«KaKifl y;i,flBHTeJibHLifl nepcMtHU mofjih npoMSotixH Bt H'fccKOJibKO 
Jitii! — iiHuieT'b no 9T0My noBOAy BaiuHHriOHTi: — h cjibimajii, ^to 
;i;o>Ke noqieBEbie jiio;in roBupflT-L oes-b yjKaca o MOHapxaqecKoft 
(|)opMt npaBjenia. Ho KaKoS 9to 6hjii> obi HenoiipaBiiJibiS n 
yjKacHbifi mart! 3,a noMomeTTj Bor-b, 'itoom Bo-Bpejifl obijiu npn- 

HilTLI M-fepU MH OTBpameHJfl nOCJI'feACTBifl, KOTOpblXT, Mbl HMieMTi 

ciHiuKOM-b MHoro ocHOBaHifi onacaTbCfl!» BamuHrxoH'b SHajii), ^to 
MHaa pecny6jiHKa CKpuBaeiTj bi> ce6t neHCTOinHMbiii aanacb chjiij, 

H UTO CUJIU BTH paSBepHyiCfl BO BCefl nOJIflOT'Ji, eCJIU A^TB C0I03- 

HOMy rocy/iapcTBy 3ji,opoByio opraHii3aii,iK). 

HaKOHei],Tj, o6mecTBeHHoe MHbHie MHorux'b mxaTOBi) cia.io 
BbiCKasbiBaxBCfl btj noJibsy cocxaBJieHia hoboh KOHCXHxyri,iH. Ilocjit 
MHoruxTi aeperoBopoB'b, c^tajioMT) AeJieraxoBi) oxt. 0XAiJibHbixT> 
luxaxoBT, Bi, AHHanojiucfe. (1786 r.) ptineHO obiJio pasocJiaxb 
BC'iiM'b uixaxaM'b iipe;^jiojKeeie iipHciaxb ji.enyxaxoB'b na KOHBen- 
u,m, Koxopaa jiojimEdt. oujia co6paxbCJi b'b $HJiaAejib(|)iH bl Mat 
1787 r. ;i;jia cocxaBJieHia KOHcxHxyiJ,i0. B'b xo JKe Bpeaia aHHa- 
nojHccKoe coopanie HSB'fecxHJio ooi. bxomT) Konrpeccb. B'b qac.i'fe 
cBonx'b 7-M0 ;i,ejieraxoBx. Ha axy KOHBeHuiio, Biipraflm e;i,HHO- 
r.iacHO II npeacAe Bcero Bbiopajia BauiHHrxoHa. BauiHHrxuH'b 
HeoxoxHo corjiacHJicfl noKHHyxb cBoe aepeBeHCKoe yeAUHeme; ho 
A'fe.iaxb 6mjio Heqero — nojir'b Bcerjia cxoaji'b ;i,Jia Hero Bbime Bca- 
KHX'b ;i,pyrux'b coo6paiKeHifi. P'biuHBmiiCb npnaaxb yqacxie B'b 
cocxaBJieHJii KOHcxnxyuiH, BamuHrxoH'b no CBoewy oobiKHOBeaiio 
Pp'feaxejibHO roxoBHJica r-b axon paoo'rt, BHiiiiaxejibHO uixyAnpya 
-aaiiHxa^bHbia iicxopuqecKia co^nneHiH h asyiaa KOHCxaxyuia 

JipeBHHX'b H HOBUX'b BpeMGH-b. OcOOOHHO yCepAHO 3HaK0MHJICa 

OH-b cb K0Hcxuxyii,iaMH AHr.iiu, IIlBefiiiapin a Hnji.epjiaHAOB'b. 

Kor;i,a b'b iiai 1787 r. BaniHHrxoH'b npaobiJi'b B'b $HJiaje.ib- 
(|)iK), xo eMy ycxpoena oujia xopH^ecxBOHHaa Bcxpt^a, h oxpaji.'b 
jierKofi kohhhi;li 9CKopxnpoBa.i'b ero npn B'bfeA'b B'b ropoji.'b. 
BauiHHrxoH'b nepBbiMT> ;],ojiroM'b c;i,'fejiaji'b Bnsax'b npecxapLiOMy 
$paHKJiHHy, K'b KOxopoMy oxHOCHJica ex. BejiniaiiuiHM'b yBaace- 
HieMT>, cqHxaa ero yKpamemeM'b ne xojibko CBoett poahhh, ho ii 
Bcero qejiOB'feqecxBa. 

KoHBeeuia ;i,jia cocxaB^ienia HOBoil K0HCXBxyi],in oxKpwjia 
CBOH 3ac'tAaHia 25-ro Maa 1787 r. HpejictAaxeJieMX. ea ejtHHO- 
rjiacHO nsSpani. 6bijx> BamanrxoH'b. Hexbipe Mtcaua j[JiEJiECh 
ajapKie Aeoaxti; B'b oomeii-b oji,HaKO ^'hjio najiaHiiiBajiocb, 6jiaro- 



rEOPri> BAiunHrTOHTi. 81 



ji,apa iicKyccTBy npeAcfenaiejifl BecTii A'bJio, — acKyccTBy He jier- 
KOMy, TaKt KaKT, Bt KOHoeHuid npiiHQMajiH y^iacTie npejiciaBH- 
Te.iii BceB03M0JKHbixT> MHliHin H UHTepecoBt. CaMi> BamnnrTOH^ 
roBopiiJi'L oieHb p'fejiKO, HO Kor^a roBopHJii., to MHtnie ero Bceraa 
oKasbiBa.io B.iiflBie, no6ya{j];aa pas.iHUHbifl napxiii ki ycTynKaan, 
n corjiameHiaMi,. 17-ro ceHTHopa 1787 r. KOHCTHTyn,ia Coe;i,H- 
HeHHbixi. UlTaTOBTi oujia HaKoaeu'b roTOBa m noAnncaHa noiTH 
bcLmh M.ieHaMii KOHBeHn.iu: aia KOHCTHTyuia cb HesnaqHTejiLHHMH 
HSM'feHeHiaMii npoji.ojiHcaeT'b AtiicTBOBaTb n jiOHUHt bt, CtBepo- 
aMepHKancKoMi. Coiosii. K,oHCTHTyn,ia 1787 roj,a Sbi.ia peayjibia- 
tomtj KOMnpoMQCca MBHuy MaibiMH n KpynHHMii uiTaxaini, Meac;i,y 
npeACTaBQTe.iaMii Kpynaofi n mgjikoh coocTBeHHOCTn, iieacAy iiHie- 
pecawn seM.ieA'bJibHeB'b ii npoMuuiJieHHnKOB'b. Bi. aTOJiij ea chjib- 
flaa n bi. aioM-b ace ea cjia6aa cxopoHa, n noxoMy MHorie ycjua- 
xpnBa.in ea aucxohhcxbo iiMeHHO Bt xomxj, bx. qeMX> Apyrie bh- 
;i,tjiB. ea HeAocxaxKH, n HaooopoxX). 3xo-to h sacxaBJHJio Bamonr- 
xona n ero x<>Bapnmeri no ccijaaiK) KOHCxuxyi^iH c^nxaxb HOByio 
KOHcxiixyuiio «.iyiiiiieK), KaKaa xo.ibko Morja ubixb nojiyieaa btj 
Hacxoamee BpeMa>>. 

^.la BCTymeHia KOHCTHxyn,iH bx> CHJiy, Heo6xoAnMt> obiJio oao- 
openie ea naceJieHieji'B ;ieBaxn mxaxoBX). KonrpeccX), HaneqaxaBT> 
ee BT) T^ocxaxoiiHOMX> KOJUiiecxBli aic3eMnjiapoBX>, paaocjajix. ee 
3aK0H0jaxe.ibHbiMx> coopaaiaMX. Bcixi. mxaxoBX.. HacejieHie Kaac- 
;i,aro mxaxa jo.ikeo ou.io iisopaxb npe;i;cxaBHxejie&, Koxopwe pt- 
lUHJiu ou BoiipocB npHHaxlH iiJia HenpHHaxin KOHCxaxyii,iH. Ha 
3X0 ymejt eme noqru i],tjibin roji,x., Bxe^eaie Koxoparo npo- 
ncxo;tnjia cxpacxHaa nojieMHKa Meacj,y npnBepaceHi],aMH n npoxHB- 

HUKaiia HOBOti KOHCXIIXyuiH, HO BTj oOmeill. A't-IO OOHIIJIOCb KT> 

ea npimaxiio. IIojiyqnBx> o(|)(|)aiiiajibHoe o;];o6peHie K0HCxnTyii,in 
oxX) 9-xii mxaxoBX). Koarpeccb HasHa'niJib ^eab (bi> Haqa.Tfe 
(|)eBpaJiH 1789 r.), Kor;i;a Hapo;^^ bo BctxX) uixaxaxT) ;i,0JiHceHX. 
obLix. iisopaxb DpeAcraBuxejefi j^jir Bbioopa npe3Hj,eHxa CoK)3a. 
BX) ea'iajit jiapxa ao.ijkbu obi.iH iipoii3ofixn BHOopbi npe3iiji;eHxa, 
11 B3opLi Bcefi Hau,in oopaxujincb Ha BamnHrxoHa. Bet, DpaB;i;a, 
3Hajiii cKpoMHocxb BauinHrxoHa, ero .iiooobb ki. cejibCKoii }Kn3Hu, 
ero He}Ke.iaHie oiiaxb Bbicxynaxb na oomecxBenHoe nonpame; ho 
Bct 3Ha.'in xaKHce, qxo HHKorAa ohtj ne oxKasbiBa.ica ciiiAOBaxb 
iipu3HBy cxpaHU n Bcer^a roxoBx. 6bi.ix. nojKepxBOBaxb cbohmh 
.iH'iai.niii o.iaraMn A-ia ea ojiara. ILsopame BauiHHrxona o6tiii;a.io 
npiiMiipiiTb Bch pasHor.iacia. xaKX. KaKX> OHb no.ibsoBajica yBajKe- 

rEoi'i'b BAiiiiiurToi'.t,. Q 



82 aCII3HB SAM'BqATEJIBHUXl. JIK)4EH. 

HieMTj Bcfext aapiifi 063^ iicKJuo'ieuia. Ki. tomj nee pecny6jinKa, 
e^Ba Bbime/imaa hstj iiejienoKT., HyjKAajiacb bt> TaKoiit ontiTHOMi. 
H TBepAOMT) pyKOBOAHTe.i'b. BamiiHrTOH'B BHALit, yxo aia ropB- 
Kaa qama He MHHyeT-b ero, ho pasBt Mor^ oh-b uTi.asaTBCfl bh- 
niiTB ee jno AHaV HaKOHeuB, b^ eaqajit aiipt-ia (sMtcxo Mapia) 
co6pajiHCB B^ libio-IopK-fe iisoapaiejiH iipesHAeHia, n Feopn^ 
BafflBHrTOHT) eAHHOAyuiHO npoB03rjiameHT> obijn> uepBUM'b rjiasoK) 
pecny6ji0Kti CoeAHHeHHtixi. lUTaTOB-t. 

r J ABA A'lII. 
npesMAeHTCTBO M nociitAHJe ro/j,bi BamnHrTOHa. 

TopaiecTBeHHoe BCiynJieHie BainiiHrioHa Bt HbK)-IopKi>. — Ilpucara u 
BCTynuTe.ii>Haa pliqB.— Bo-itsHB BanniHrTona ii CMepxi. ero MaTepii. — 
IIpaBUJia BauiHHrTOHa npii uasHaqeein qunoeniiKOBb. — HpieMHtie ji,eii 
npe;ju;i.eHTa. — HofoAKa bI) C-feBepHtie mxaTH. — npuBeji,eHie bt. nopa- 
AOKt (jjimaHCOBi.. — OTHoniGHie Coej;nHeHBHX'i, lUraTOBt K-b ;i,pyrHM's 
rocyAapcTBaM-b u Bouna ct iiHAifmaMn. — IIo.iiiTiiiecEia napxiu b-b 
KOHrpeccfe H Bpaat;i,a sieaiiy qjieHaMU Ka6nHeTa. — OdiaejieHie HefiTpa- 
juxeTa CoeAUHenefcix'B lIIxaTOB-b. Hanaji,Kii na BamuHnoBa — Top- 
roBHB jioroBopX) CT> Asrjiieri. — npomajiBHBifi aapeci) BaninHrxona k-b 
Hapoji,y II B03Bpaiii,eHie Bx. MoYBxt-BepHOH'B.—BoeHHLia npuroxoBjieHia 
Bi BuxY BOUHBi ex. <I>panu,iefl - — BojiisBB u cjiepxB BamuBrxoaa. 
Btj iiojiOBHH'b anptjia 1789 r. b-b Moyni'L-BepHOH-fe Ba- 
niHHrxoH'B nojiy^HJi'B ot-b npeAcb^aTejia cenaia o(|)(|)Ha,iajiBHoe 
HSBtmeHie oSt HsSpaniH ero npesHAeHiOM'B pecnySjiiiKH, Bee 
6Brjio yjKe roTOBO ki. oivteAy, h 16-ro anpfejia BamnHriOH'B 
nycTHJicfl BT) nyib, na 910x1. paai. oco6eHHo HeoxoxHO pascxa- 
Baacb ex. AepeBeHCKoS jkhbhbio. «jI npocxMca ex. MoyHxx.-Bep- 
HOHOMX., ex. qacxHOH hchbhbio h ex. jtoMamHHMx. c^acxbeMX.; no- 

JtaBJieHHBIH CaMLIMH XpeBOKHUMH H THHCeJIUMH qyBCXBaMH, a 

HanpaBHJix. CBofl nyxb bx. Hbio-IopK-b ex. Hau-iyiinHxin Haaitpe- 
HiaMH ein,e paax. nocjiymnxb pojinnt, ho cx> cjiafiuMH naAeacAaMii 

AOCXOHHO BHHOJIHHXb GH 0H{HAaHia»... 

nyxeuiecxBie BamnHrTOHa bx. Hbio-IopRX. Sujio Haexoamnan. 
xpiyM^ajibHHMX. mecxBieMX.. Oxx. o^Horo ropona ao Apyroro erf' 
eonpoBOJKAaJin oxpa^H jierKOH KaBajiepin. Bo Bcfexx. ropo^axi. 
ero BcxpiqajiH KOJOKOJibHUMX. sbohomx. h nymeqHbiMH sajiaaMH. 
Besaii BLixoAHJifi eMy HaBcxptqy npeAcxaBiixejiH rpajKAaneKoii 
BJiacTH, ji,enyxan,iH on, pejiHriosHLixx. n HayqHUXX. o6ffl,ecxBX. 11 
oxx. ropo^anx.. Hapo^x. TOJinnjica no AoporaMX,, qxo6H norjia- 
Atxb Ha eBoero npesHAeflxa. Bx. Hbio-J^JKepceli BetptxHJiH ero 



rEOPn> BAIUHHrTOHTi. 83 

npejiCTaBHxejia otx 06^11x1) najraii Konrpecca (najraxbi Jienyia- 
TOBT. II ceHaia). OicioAa BainHHriOH'L nonjiBTJi'fc bi. Hbro-IopKT> 
BT> pasySpaHHofl sejieHbio n ({ijiarajm Jio^Kt, conpoBoacztaeMLifi 
orpoMHOK) TOJiiioK). E^Ba BbicajtiiJica oht. bt. Hbio-IopKt na 6e- 
pen>, KaKT, pas^ajica nyiue^Hufi sajini), h aaryj^tJiH Bcfe kojio- 
KOJia ropoAa. j[oiia. 6biin yKpameHbi (|)jiaraMH h itBiiTaMH, TOJina 
npHBiicTBOBajia ero pajtocTHbiMH onKaMn. BaniHerTOHT), KaKi) 
DcinHHbiii npej,CTaBflTejib AeMOKpaTH^iecKaro npaBJieeia, ne 3a- 
xoTtJii, -fexaTb btj Kapeit, a OTnpaeH.ica B-b OTBeAeHHbifi jtJia 
Hero j^oM-b niuiKOMT., bt. eonpoBOHc;;eHin Hapojta, Bbicmnxt ca- 

HOBHnKOBT>, JiyXOBeHCTBa II HblO-iopKCKOfi MHJIHII,iH. BeTOpOMTj 

ropoA'b 6hu'b iiJiJUOMnHOBaH-b. 3To6biJio 23-ro anptjifl. 30-ro anpt- 
Jifl Bamiierxoe'b npnHecb npacary KOHCTHiyiiin btj $eAepajibHofi 
aa.it, Kyja npe3aj;eHTa conpoBO^KJia.iH ooh najiaiLT Konrpecca, 
BofiCKa H Bbicmie rocyAapciBeHHue qHHOBHHKH. BaiuHHrxoHi) 
Bbiiue.Tb Ha oajiKOH'b u, noioJKHB'b JitByio pyny Ha cepjn,e, a 
npasyK) na BHO.iiio, na rjiaeax'b Bcero napoiia npoHsnecTb ^op- 
jiyjiy KJiaxBU. nocjilj aioro na Kynojit s^aHia BBBHJca Hau,io- 
HajibHWH ({iJiari), MHoroiHcanHaa lOJina orjiacHJia Bosjyx'b Bocxop- 
HceHHbiMa KJiHKaMU H CO Bcfext HbH)-iopKCKHX'b Saxxapefl pa3;i;ajica 
nyuieHHLin 3ajim>. BamuHrxoH'b, CHJibHO B3B0JiH0BaHHbifi, BouiejUj 
BT, 3ajiy 3act;iaHi3, qxoow npoHsnecxH BcxynaxejibHyK) pt»ib. 
«IIpH axoMX) BejiHKiu le-iOB-feKi. dbijiT. xaKt cMymesX), KaKx> hii- 
Korjta He ciiymajica ue^exi> HanpaBJieHHott na nero nyinKoft, — 
roBopnx'b OAHHT. O'ieB0ji,en,v. — oh^ i];poHcajn> 11 npeptiBaromnMca 
ro.iocoM^ npoiejiX) cbom ptqb*. /I,pyroH oqeBHuen.'b npaoaBJiaexX): 
«3xo oujia xporaxejibHaa h xopacecxBeHHaa cii,eHa. Baji.'h y nero 
6ujn> cepbesHbifi, nonxn neiajibHufi; CKpoMHOcxb ero HeBonbHO 
iioxpacajia CBHAtxejiefl; rojiocx. ero obiJix. rjiyxon, ntcKOJibKo Apo- 
JKanuii 11 ejie CJibiiuHbiS». OkohihbX) pt'ib, bx. KOXopoH BbipajKajix. 
Hafl,e/Kji;y, coo6ni.a cx> npeACxaBuxejiaMn napoAa, cnocodcxBOBaxb 
6.iary cxpaHti, BauiHHrxoH-b oxiipaBHJiCH bx. n;epKOBb cb. HaBJia, 
r^t coBepoieHO obiJio xop^ecxBCHHoe 6orocjiyaceHie. 

HpHeaBX) AOoaAbi oxx. jibd^x., BpeweHHO nocxaBJieHHbixx> bo 
rjiaBt pa3JiHtiHbixT> BtAOMCxBi., BauiHHrxoHi) caMHMX. xmaxejib- 
BbiMb oopasoMX. BHQKX> BO Bci A^^Jia Mo.ioAoro rocyAapcxBa, casixi 
pbLica BX) apxHBax'b n A'feJiaJix> nsBJieqeHia nsx. BaJKH-fefimaxX) 
AOKyMeHXOBX. Ho cKopo npHiujio^b eMy npepBaxb axy ji^'knTejih- 
flocxb: xflTKKiu He^yrx. na n,t.xuxX) xpn Mican.a oxBJieKX. ero oxxi 
rocyj,apcxBeHHTjixx, xhjn>. E^Ba onpaBHBUiiicb oxx> Soji^hh, ohx. 



84 aCIISHb 3AMtTA.TEJIbeLlX1j .lH)flRii. 



iiojiyqiLn. iiSB'kxie o CMepiu Maiepn, CKOH^aBuieficfl 25-ro aBry- 
cia 1789 r., 82-x'b ji1'.tx oti. po,'iy. Oea AoaciiJia ao c.iaBH CBoero 
cuHa, HO HHKorjta He qBaHn.iacb 8tiim1), jio KOHua jiHefi coxpa- 
HHB'L npocTOiy, He .iHuieHHyio cypoBocin. Cjibima iioxBajiH cbiny. 
OHa MOJiqajia hjiu roBopiijia: «reopnj Bcerji,a Ow.i'b xopomoMi. 
cuHOM'b, 11 a Ha^tiocb, qio, KaK^ qejiOBtu^, oht^ iicnojiHUJii. CBOii 
,T,OJin>». BauiHHrTOH'b iicKpeHHO on.iaKnBa.i^ cbok) Maib, KOiopofi 

MBOrtLMT. OUJIT) OGflSaHTi Bl> HCFisan. 

MeacAy T'feM^ KOHrpeccb ycntjnj opraauaoBaTb ucnojiHiiTe.ib- 
uyio BJiacTb pecnyu.iuKii. CosAaHO 6bi.io 4 AenapTaMema (no Ha- 
mejiy MHHnciepcTBa): HHOCTpaHHWx-b atji^, (J)UHaHC0B^, BoeHHun 
II locTimiH. BauiHHrTOHTi nasHannji^ MCHUcxpaMU ciiocoSHbix'b ii 
uecTHbixT) Jifln,i>, o6HapyacnBT> ysi'feHbe oesripHCTpacTHO BbiOHpaxb 
ceO't A'feJihHbix'b noMomHHKOB'b. BamaerTOH'b iiociaBH.Tb ce6'fe sa 
npaBiJjio HHKoro ne HasHaqaib hii aa KaKyio j[0Ji}KH0CTb no npo- 
TeKi;iH. Ohi. He o6pamajn> BHiiMaHin hh na iipoiicxojKAeHie, hii 
Aa^e Ha uojiiiToqecKie iipiiHii,aubi iiiiHOBBiiKOB'b; eMy nyiKea obiJia 
TOJibKo rapaHTifl, qio ^aBHoe Jiimo OTJitmaeica qecxHOCTbio, ipy^u- 
jH)6ieM'b II Heo6xoAnMbiiMn m^ A^-ia CBtAtHiaMo. HiiKorAa ne 

CTtCHHJlCfl BaiHPlHrTOHX. OTKaSblBaib CBOHM'b jipysbflMi. n.iii 3Ha- 

KOMUM'b, npociiBiiinM'b ero iipHcipouTb Koro-Hu6yAb, kto ne ro- 
HHJica j[Jia. A^Jia, ki lenjioMy Mtcieyi^y, u, ojiaroAapa aioiiy, nsotr'b 
nHTpHrT), 3aBiicTU Q T. n., uapauuix'b cnjioiub u pflAOMTj bt> mi- 
iiOBHHqbiix'b c^epax^. TojibKO o^hbi. paa^ nasHaqii.Tb ohij na 
ujtHy AOJiJKHOCTb cBoero ]<0ACTBeHHiiKa, Aa h to yoKiBBUincb bt* 
ero noBHaniaxT). PynoBOAacb bthmii sAopoBUMii npaniinnaMH, 
i]am0HrTOHT> nocTaBHJU. bo rjiaBk jiiiBiicTepcTBa iiHucTpaHabixi. 

AiJIT) (Ky^a BKJIIOqeUO OWJIO M BiitOMCXBO BHyTpeHHDXX. Xtl'h) 

Jl,Hce(|)(j[)epcoHa, qe.ioB'JiKa aHeprnqnaro n TajianxJinBaro, ne CMOipH 
Ha TO, iTO /I,ave(j)({)epcoH'b OT.iiiqajiCH ropasAO oo.Tfee KpailHiiMii 
AeMOKpaTiiqecKHMii yotjKAeHiaMu, ^itMij BamHHrxoB'b. <l>UHaHChi 
Cu.iu iiopyqeebi FaMiLibTOHy, BoeHHoe BtAOMCTBO — reHepa.xy Hok- 
cy, a AeiiapTaMeHT^ iocTnu,iii— JI,Hieio. Majo no MaJiy, no.xRinqe- 
ciafi MexaniiSM'b CoeAHHeHHUxi. lllTaTOB^ Haqajii> A'fencTBOBaTb, 
Mhoto BpsMeHH OTHiiMajiH y Ijainuerroea BnsnTbi i;aKb 
'lacTflbix'b, TaKT, n o(|)(|)iiuia.iibHuxi. Jiiiu'b. Ilpie.MHaa iipeanAeHTa 
6t.Lia BcerAa iiepenojiHeHa. IIpicMbi yTO-M.ia.'iii ero TiiM^ ooji'fee, 

UTO H 063^ HflXT) J[tjl^ 6bI.I0 MHOJKeCTBO, ;i,a H TOAbl OFO J/KO 

oiJJin He MOJiOAbie. PascqeTbi BaiunHrTona Ha AeJiiiKaTHOCTb 
nyojiHKii He onpaBAbiBajiiicb — BCflKin xorkiii Bucnu.ibSOBaTbWi 



rEOPri, BAUIHBrTOH-L. 80 



CBOHMt npasoM^ Jiii'iao oopamaibca kt, npe3H;i,eHTy. HaKOsem., 
(10 coBtiy jipyseii, BaiunHrToni) ycTaHoeii.TL jiJin aTiixTj npieMOB-L 
onpejbjieeBLiii nacb, 11 KaKjufi BTopanKt oit 3 — 4 uac. B7> 
iipieMHyio npeaiueaxa Mon, flB.iaTBca bchkIh, n oot jih'iho co 
BCflKiiM'b HenpiiHyjK;];eHHo SecbAOBajn). IIo naTHtmaMTj Be^iepoMTj 

OTKpLITTj 6RJl'b CaJIOHT. MIICCUCl. BamilHrTOHl. Jja BC'liX^, KTO 

;Kejiajn> irocbTHTB jomt, npe3nj,eHTa 11 BnjitTb BamimrTOHa, kh- 
Topufi Bcerj,a iipiicyTCTBOBajnj ea Binxt coopaniaxT). Oen otjih- 
'la.'iiicL npocTOTOiO, ho BcaKan (J[)aMHJiPiapHOCTb 6biJia ns^ Hnxi> 
iiCK.iK)'ieHa, KaKT> afe'iTO HecoBMtcxiiMoe ch noiTeaieMT) K'h iiojio- 
•/Keaiio xoaaaaa Pas'b bt, aeAbJifo Bct ^iJieHu KaSueexa ootAajiii 
y iipesHjeHia BMbcrfe ch ero ojiusKnMti jipysbajia. BocKpeceebe 
BamnHrTOHTi BcerAa npoBO,i;Hjn> bt, Kpyry cBoeu ceiibu. Pacnpe- 
A^Jiaa TaKUMT> o5pa30M^ CBi^e Bpejia. BauiaarTOHi. ycntBajib 
ypBaib Bpe.Ma ji.ia ^aHaiiri cBOini'b jiEOOuMbiM'b MovHi'b-Bepeo- 
H0MT>, AJia OTBbTOB-b Ha HiicbMa y irpaBJiaK)ui,aro, npnqoM-b no- 
(ipeHcaeMy BHiiKa.Tb bo Bcb KpynHbia h MOJiKia jtt.ia cBoero Hiit- 
eia. Bi, CBoeii^ josiauiHeM'b xosaficTBli bt, Hbio lopKt BaiuHHr- 
tohtj 3aBe.TL cxporyio aKOHOMiK), ue me.Taa Henpo03BOjiixejibHi) 
pacxpa'inBaxb;i,eHbni, Koxopbia Bbin.iatniRa.'iiicb e-viy rocyAapcxBoxi'b 
8X BHAt Hca.iOBaHba, OhT) cor.iacii.ica no.iyiaxb jinmb xaitoe aca- 
-lOBaHbe, Koxopoe SbiJio Heo6xojiFiMO ^Jia o(|K|mn,iajibHUXx. npieMOBX, 
a j\]iii coAep'/Kania aoMa, a BMenao 25,000 AOJiJiapoBX) bx. foak. 
HecMoxpa Ha bcio aKOHOsiiK), qacio iipHxoAWJiocb A'bjaxb npuoaBKH 
U3'b cbohxtj cpcACXBx, 3,JiK iiOKpbixia paCXOAOBT), COnpayKeHHblXTj 
CX) xaKiiMT, BhicoKiiMX. iioxoHceHieMX). KajKAHil AGHb BamiiarxoHTj 
DpocMaxpiiBa.iX) u BnticuBajiX) bx> oco6yK) KHnry pacxo^w, npo- 
B'bpaa BCt C'lexa, npeAcxaBJiaejibie ejiy ABopeii,Kn>n). 

OceHbK) BaiuHHrxoHx., nojibsyHCb nepepuBOMX, bt, sacbAaHiaxi, 
Konrpecca, oxiipaBiiJica B'b mxaxLi IloBufi AarjiiQ ex, u,'bJibio Boo^iio 
yobAUTbca b^ pe3y.ibxaxaxx. HOBofi ({)opiibi npaB-ieaia. Bcroay 
[ipesQ.ieaxa Bcxpbqaiin ex, aHxy3ia3M0M'b, napoAT' qacxo cxeKa.iica 
usAajieica, qxo6bi norjiaAliXb na cBoero «oxn,a» h Bbipa3uxb OMy 
cBoii qyBcxBa. Oxo Bcer^a r.iyooKO xporajio BamnHrxona — na- 
poAHaa JiroooBb 6biJia jiyquiHMx, BosHarpaHCAeHieMX. sa Bct cro 
xpyjbi n jiniii8Hiji na iio.ibsy poAiiHU. Eme oojibuie paAoaajio Ba- 
luimrxoaa xo, qxo oax. bhaLixj BOKpyrt ceoa bo BpeMa CBoero 
iiyxeuiecxBia. Oax. BHAt.xx,, 'ixo iioc.xt 6ypb n HeBsro^x, peBOJiic- 
n,iu BO Bct o6in,ecxBeHUbie cjoh Ha'iHBaioxx, iipoHiiKaxb cnoKoii- 
cxBie II AOBOJbcxBO. 3eM.ieAt.xie, npo.MbiiujieHHocxb, xoproB.ia pa3- 



8G JKnSHb SAM'B'TATE.lbHKIXl. JIIOJlEii. 

BHBajiBCb Ba TtxT) caiitix^ MtcTax'L, Tjifk BT) Haqajii Bofmu npo- 
jiBBajiacB KpoBb. PaHH cxpaHHJiBHOsaacnBajin, MorymecTBeHHUfl 
CHJiH lonaro oSnieciBeHHaro opraHHasia OesiipenaxcTBeHHO pas- 
BepibiBajiuGb. HejibSfl obiJio coMHtBaibCH, qxo noBoe npaBwxe.ib- 
cxBO ;],'fei1cTBOBa.io y;i,aqHO. Bam0HrxoHx>, yBtpeHebin Bb xopouieMi 
Cy/tymeaiT, cBoero oxeqecxBa, Bepnyjica onaxb k-b CBoejiy nociy. 

3ac'tji;aHm Konrpecca oxKpbiiEicb b-ro JiHBapa 1790 r., a 
npea;/i,e Bcero upncxynjieHO 6biJio k^ o6cy}K;i,eHiio at^-h jxjia ype- 
ryjiapoBaHifl (|)0HaHCOBi.. Bo rjiasli j^enapxaMenxa (J)neaHCOB'b 
cxoflJi'b TaMUJibxoHX, Bbipa6oxaBii]iH npoeKXi o xomTj, ixooh jijh 
iioAHflxifl KpeAHxa cxpaHbi c^ijiaxb Bct BHtuiHie ii BnyxpeHnie 
;i,ojirn CoeAiinenEuxi. niTaTOci. Hai;ioHa.ibGUM0 iiJiii rocY;tap- 
cxBeHHHMH. BntuiHiH jxojir'h pecny6jiiiK0 npocxnpajica ;io 12 M0ji- 

JliOHOBX, /lOJIJiapOBX>, BHyxpeHHlII }Ke— AO 42 MHJIJliOHOBX. JI0.1JiapOBl>; 

nocjitAHifi CA'feJiaH'b Ow.i'b hOHrpeccoM-b nocpeACXBOMij BuiiycKa 

OyMaHiHUX'b J^QEGVh BO BpOiia BOflHbi; HaKOHei],^. 25 MH.n.liOHOB'b 

jlojiJiapoB'b AOJiry HMf>jiii b^ oomeii c.iOyKHocx0 oxji.'fejibHbie mxaxH. 
Bet 8XH AOJirH, AOCxnraBiiiie 79 mbjuiIohobX), raMHJibxoHT> npej- 
jioJKHJi'b HauionajinsHpoBaxb, mxo nocji'li n.oJirux'b HcapKnxi. iipe- 
hIb obiJio np0Hflxo KOHrpeccoM'b. BauiBHrxoH'b Oujit oqenb ao- 
BojieH'b 8X0511), xoxa caMi. jiepjKajica b^ cxopoflt oxi. /^eGaxoBi,, 
He acejiaa iiojiBepraxbCii o6B0Heeiio bx. oapxiimocxH. KpoMli xoro, 
KonrpeccT) Ha3HaqHJii> aiicxoM^ cbohx'b sacfeAanifi (na 10 Jitx-b) 
ropoAX) ^ajiajiejihipiio u oxbbjix. yiacxoKx. bcmjiii bt> KonyMGiii, 
P'buiHBX. sacxpoHXb ero u c^tJiaxb HaBcerjia pe3H,TieBii,ien koh- 
rpecca 11 iipesHAenxa. 3xy saAa'iy bshjiX) na ceSa BamBHrxoHX), 
Koxopbiii caMX> Bejn> j[,tji-d ex. noApiJA^HKaMii, HasHaqajn. apx0- 
TeRTopoBX>, pa3CMaxpiiBajix> ojiaHw hobuxx. noexpoeKX.. TaKx> bob- 
HUKX) ropoAx., BasBaHHbifi BX) qeexb npesB^eHxa BauiuHrxoHOMX). 

Mnoro BpeMeH0 iiocBflmajix> BauiunrxoBX) xojiy, hxo5X) y.ia- 
ffiBBaxb oxHomenifl aieac/iy CoeanHeHHbijm UIxaxaMU 11 jipyruMn 
rocyji,apcxBaMii. OxHomeHia ex. $paBii,ie0 ObiJiu npebpacHbia, cx> 
Anrjiieii jko — Haxaayxbia. Anriiifl Bce eme Be npiicbiJiajia nocjia 
bxj CoeA0fleHBbie lllxaxbi; kx, xoiiy iKe aBrjioyane, BonpeK0 Mup- 
HOMy AoroBopy, Bee eni,e yAepjKHBajin B'b cbohxx. pyKaxx. HtKO- 
xopbie nocxbi bx. oojiacxu lU^iBKnxx. Oaepx., iioaij x-feMX. npe^-io- 
roMX., 1x0 CtBepo-aMepnKaHcidfi Coiosx. bo BbiiiJiaquBaexx> AarjiiH 
CBOflXX) AOiiroBx,, BaniHErxoHX. p-feuiojix. BcxynBXb bxj neperoBopbi 
cx> 6p0xaBCKHMx> Ka6HBexoMX> II ex. axoio ittjibH) oxupaBHJix> bx. 
JIoBAOflX) CBoero areHxa, nopyiHBx. eiiy aroxnpoBaxb bx. no.xbsy 



rEOPFL BAUIHHrTOHl). 87 



3aKJiK)qeHm ToproBaro jtoroBopa MeJKAy Anrjiiefi n Coiosomtd. 
9Toro ;i,oroBopa cujibho iKeJiajiH ToproBBie n npoMHuiJieHHBie 
KJiaccH AMepnKii, n BarnHHrTOHT) b^ AaHHOM'L c.iyqa'fe CTOflJii> sa 
cTopoH'fe ainxTi KjaccoBT,. OTHomenia ch IIcnaHieii xoace ipedo- 
Bajin 3aKJiH)qeHifl loproBaro jioroBopa, KOToptifi no3BOJiH.Tb 6li 
Coej],iiHeHHbiMt UlTaTaMT) oesnpejmxcTBeHHO njiaBaiB no Mhcch- 
CHnn. MHoroe Bt aiiixt oTHomeHiaxT) cjiyntajio h saSoiajio Ba- 
uinnrTOHa, KOTopLifi oceHbio 1790 r. onaiB oiiacHO saSoniit. B-b 
iiocjiiflHie roAu sjiopoBte ero ciijilho yxyAuinjiocb; oco5eHHO My- 
'iri.ifl ero roJiOBHwa 6ojih ii cipaj^aHia iiimi,eBapnTejiBHHXT> opra- 
hob'l; jinmeHifl Jiarepnon jkhshm ocJiaOnjiH ero spiiHie h cjiyxi., 
TaKT> 'iTo BO BpeMa npe3iiji,enTCTr>a ci. hiimtj npaxojinjioci. pasro- 
BapHBaTb o'leHB rpoMKO. Oei, notxaji'B nicKOJibKO OT/toxHyTb bI) 
MoyHTTj-BepHOH^ u ji,tficTBnTe.ibHO nonpaBUJica laM^. 

Ho btj Hbio-IopRt w^aJiH ero hobma TpeBora n saSoTw: hh- 
nMmbi, yjKe. BO BpeMH peBOJiiouin HeApyJKe.iio6HO OTHOCHBuiieca k^b 
CoeaHHeHHbiMTj lUxaTaMT), xenepb oonapyacnBajiH cxpeMJieHie na- 
qaxB Bpaa£ii,e6Hbia ;],'feucxBifl, iiojicxpeKaeMwe na ctBept anrjiifi- 
CKPiMD xoproBiiaMii, a fla lort — HcnaHn,aM0, Ha sanpocM Bamnnr- 
Tona aHTJiiiicKin HcnaHCKift KaCHHeibi oiet^iajiH, uxo 9x0 at- 
jiaexcfl 663^ nx^ Bt^oMa. BaiuHsrxoH'b bha'^^'b, ^to npnASxca 
aamiimaxb rpaHHn,bi pecuy6jinKU ct, opyjKieMi. bt. pyKaxX), xoxa 
HHKoraa HO coqyBcxBOBaji'B HacKJiiflM'b npoxnB'B uHA'bfin.eB'B. Ohtj 
np03HaBajn> 3a H0MH opaBO BJia^ixb aMepaKaHCKHMn 3eM.MMn, 11 
npeji,no^iHxaJi^ npioop'bxaxb y h0X'b seMJiii noKynKon, a ne opy- 
HcieMi. Ho 0HA'fe0n,bixo uji^Jio Hapymajin smpebia corjiameHia cb 
asiepoKaHnaMn, hhcxhhkxhbho qya bt> bbxT) BparoBX. n ptuioB- 
lUHCb oPHeMT. H JieiOM'B npox0BuxbCfl pacnpocxpaHeniK) aMcpn- 
KancKoii Ky.ibxypbi. Hanaji,eHiFi Hx-b yace ne^bsa 6biJio 6oJbine 
xepntxb, n boxx. Jie^Kjiy aMepiiKaEi],aMU 11 OHA'fefin.aMH Bosropfcjiacb 
Bonna, npoj^ojuKaBiuaacfl naxb Jitx'b u iMHoro ySbixKOBX. npHqn- 
HiiBmaa Coe;^IIHeHHbIM^ IIIxaxaMX,. Ha nepBb]xx> nopaxxj HHA'fefiii.bi 
oAepa{0Bajiu ojiHy noSt^y 3a jipyroio, ho noxoMT>, Kor/^a bo rjiast 
aMepnKaHCKofi apjiiii nocxaBJienx. Cmjitj renepajix. BefinX), xo hh- 
;t'fefiubi obiJiH HaKOHen^ ycMiipenbi saK.iioqnjiH ctj aMep0KaHi];aMH 
BuroAHbin jiJia nocji'l^AHHX'b MnpHtin AoroBopx.. 

Bxj ACKaopli 1790 r. KOHrpeccx. oxKpti.xx, cbom sacfej^aHia yace 
B'b ff>iiJia;i,e.ib(|)iii. Ha axoxx^ pa3X> FajmjibXOH'b Bucxyn0jix> ch 
npoeivXOMXj ocnoBaHia naiuoHajibHaro 6aHKa. He CMOxpa na onno- 
3UUJK) Kpannen ;];eMOKpax0qecKofi napxiu, npoeRxx. sxoxX) ohjiX) 



aCHSHb SAM'BqATEJIbHBTX'I) JIIOJIEn. 



npHHHTij n pbmeHO 6biJio ocHOBaib HauioHaji&Hmn SaHKi) ct, Ka- 
nHiajiOMt BT> 10 MHjiJiioHOBi. nojuiapoBt. CH.ibHwa npeHifl bt> koh- 
rpecc-fe BHseajn, n Apyrofi npoeKit FaMUJibTOHa — oSjiojKeeie noui.in- 

HOK) BCtXT* ClIHpTHblX'b HailllTKOBT). OocyyKJteHiC 8THXT> npOeKTOBT, 

aBHO o6Hapy}KHJio cymecTBOBaeie b^ Konrpeccb jiByxi. Kpynsbixi) 
napiiii, nsi KOTopbix'b oji^Ea. cipenHJiacb k'l [;eHTpajiu3au,iH n kT) 
ycHjeHiK) ueHxpajibHoit Bjacra (c|)ejtepajincTbi), a Apyraa OTCian- 
eajia aBTOHOniio n cyBepenHTeix oTA'feJiBBbixi) lUTaxoB'b (j],eMo- 
KpaxM). 

KaKX, TOJibKO OKOHqiiJiacb ceccia Konrpecca (bt, Maprb 1791 r.), 
BaiuHHrTOHTj oinpaBHJica ocMoipfeTb lOJKHue miaTbi, qio h bk- 
nojiHHJi'b aKKypaxfl'fefminM'b oSpaaoMi), cji'kjijn sapan^e cocxaBJieH- 
HOMV njiaay ii coBepiiiHB'b bt> xpii Jitcaua okojio 2,000 anrji. MHJib 
Ha o;^H'hxT> ii x'Lxi. jkp .lomaj^ax'b. 

BepHyBiiiHCb bx. <l>njiaj];ejib(|)iK), ohx. 3acxajn> dopbOy ({^eAepa- 
JincxoB-b AeMuKpaiOBX) Bb nojiHOM'b pasrapt. Cpejaie n nuamie 
KJiaccbi HacejieHifl h siejKie iirxaxbi noA/iepaciiBajiH j^esioKpaxiiqe- 
CKyio napxiro Koarpecca; 6oraxbie ace KJiaccbi o6mecxBa h KpyuHbie 
inxaxu cxoa.in ea cxopoeL ({)eji,epajiiicxoB^b. BamiiHrxoHX) dohu- 
Majii,, KaKX. r.iyooKo KopeHaxca npH'inabi paajtopa KaKx> bx> koh- 
rpecc'fe, xaK^ ii bx. oomecxst. a npeABiiji,'fejix> HeasSIiacaocxb rpaiK- 
AaacKOH Bofiflbi Bx, He^ajieKOMXj SyjiymeMXj. Cbouxx. MiiwHCxpoBXi — 
FaMUJibxoaa, npe^cxaBaxejia ({le^epajibHofl napiia, ii Jl,Hce(|)(|)epcoHa, 
npe;],cxaBnxe.ia napxiii AeMOKpaxn'iecKOQ, — BaiiniHrxoHX> BcaiecKU 
cxapajica npnMnpnxb. CaMx. oex> coqyBCXBOBajiX) bx> ji;aHHO.MX> cjiy- 
qat FaaiujibxoHy; ho ae MorX) ne atanxb xa^aaxjiBBaro, BHeprnq- 
Haro ^Hce(|)({)epcoHa. OAHaKO Bcfe yciiJiia BauiMHrxona npuMiipaxb 
9XHXX) AByxx> JiK)ji;en ne apHBejiH hii kx> qeiiy. IIojiHxn'iecKaa 
6opb6a oooHXX. MnaiicxpoBx. Majio no Majiy nepeiujia bxj jraqayio 
BpajKAy- Kx> qecxii /l,Hve(|)c|)epcoHa najio sasitxuxb, qxo, ocnapaBaa 
npoeivXbi FaMiiJibxoHa itx, iiciaxa ii Bb Koarpecct, ohx> cbhxo noA- 
qaaajica KOHCxiixyuiii a, pa3x> npoeKXM ero npoxnBHHKa ow.xh ripii- 
HflXbi KonrpeccoMx,, BcaqecKti cojbficxBOBa.iX) [ixx> ocymecxBjeHiK). 

Ilacxyn0jix> nocjiMHiii roAX) [ipeaHAeaxcxBa BamimrxoHa. Ero 
CHJibHO xaayjio B'b MoyHxx.-BepHOH'b, r^t xoxtjiocb AOHcaxb cboh 
nocriAHie roAW; ho n na 8xoxx> pas^ ae C3^3KAeHO e.MV omjio ocbo- 
SoAHXbca oxx>xajKejibixx.o6fl3aHHOCxen rjiaBW rocyAapcxBa. HiiCbMa 
Apyseii, nexiii;iH oxx> pasHuxx. oSmecxBx., nacxoaaia Bcfexxj qjie- 
HOBx> KaQanexa u coaaaeie, qxo ohx> oahhxj MOiKexx, iipiiiiapHXb 
Ao HiiKoropoH cxenenir pa3Horjiacifl, napamia bX) oomecxB-fe, 3a- 



TEOPT'L RAlIlIIHrTOHt. 89 



ciaeujiu BamimrToea, iiocjit ynopBofi imyTpeHaeii oopbObi, eme 
pa3T> BucxyniiTh KaHAujaTOin. Ha npesiijieHTCTBO. Bt Ha'ia.ik 
1793 r. OH-B onaib 6i.iJi'b ejinaorjiacHo H36paHT> npeanneHTOM'b 

Coe/tHBeHHblXTj lIlTaTOBX. 

3to iTpe3H;i,eHTCTB0 6biJio oqeHB Tfl>Kejioe mh BaiuHHrxoHa, 
ocooeeeo BC.Tb;],CTBie OTHOiiieeiri cb 4>paH[],ien. tJ>paH[i;y3CKaa pe- 
BOJiiou.m 6biJia BciptqeHa bt, AwepiiKt cb aHTyaiasMOMij; ho iia.io 
no Aiajiy ({iejtepajincTbT nepecxajin couyBCTBoBaTb xoMy, qio xhjm- 
jioch Bo tJ)paHii,in, Mentjiy Ttsix Kaii^ AeMOicpaTU paAOBaJiHCb yciit^- 
xaiiTj peBOJUoiiio, Han'bacb, ^iiooea cjieieT'b ct. JiHii,a3eMJin aecno- 
TDSM^ n paScTBO. BauiHHrTOHTj. caxi^ apoHnKeyTufr peBOJiroiUon- 
HbiMT) jyxoM^ n 6opoBiuincji 3a CBoSo^y, HiiixaK^ ee Mon> iipn- 
MiipiiTbCfl cb acecTOKOCTajKi pcRO.iioaioHepnB'b bo <I»paHn,in, HMta, 
KaKT) aMepiiKaeei^^, secbMa cjiaooe noHaiie o HeB03iioJKHbix'b co- 
ilia.ibHbix:!) oTHomeHiflXT., cyiuecTBOBaBuinx'b bo tE>paHn,iH no pe- 
ROJiKmiii, Bi. iiapxt 1793 r. tt>paHui}i o6^flB0Jia Bofmy AHrjiiii ii 
FoMaHAiir. KaKi) to.ibko 9to HSBtciie pacnpocTpaHHJiocb Bt Amp- 
piiKli, OTOBcio;i,y pasnajincb ro.ioca, xpeOoBaBmia, 'ixoobi Coe,'i;ii- 
HOHHwe lllxaxbi oKasajiH jitaxejibHyK) iiuaiomb CBoeyiy OuBUiesiy 
corosHnicy— <I>paHuiti. Bi. AMepiiKt cxajiii jia-me opraeasoBaxbCH 
.TiOopoBojibHLie oxpaAbi n CHapaiKuxbca neoojibmia Boenebia cy^a 
;i,jia HanaAeHul na xoproBbia cyAa Anrjiiii, Koxopofi pfeiiieHO Smjio 
Bpefliixb, rA'h xojibKO bu3viojkho. Btj anptjit M'kan.'b BaiUBHrion b 
npHrjiaca.1T> k'b ceob 'ijiohobX) CBoero b'aonBeTa nmi uocy^K^eHia 
Toro, KaK^ cj-feayext jtepjKaxb ce6a CoejtnaeHHbiM'L IIIxaxaMx, no 
oxHomeniK) k^ jipyrcM^ rocyAapcxnaMX. Bcfe q^eHbi Ka()0HeTi 
e;inH0AyiuG0 BUCKa3a.incb, no;io6HO BauiimrxoHy, 3a nefixpa.'iii- 
xexT> Coe;i,uHeHHbixT> lIIxaxoBT>, xtwi. oojite, hxo Cb ftpaHuieTi 
6Hjn> 3aKj'iio'ieHT3 .imub ooopoHHxe.ibubin coio3x>, a bt. j,aBH0Mb 
c.iyiat (|>paHu;ia caMa cA'fe.ia.ia busob^ Aarjiiu. Kaonsex-b nocxa- 
HHOBBJix. Burrycxiixb npoKiaManiio, «3anpemaBmyH) rpajKAanaM'b 
CoejnneHHbix'b IJIxax&BT) npunnsiaxb yqacxie bx> KaKHXx. ow xo 
an 6biJio Bpa/K;ie6nbix^ ii,b[]cxBiaxi> bu Mopt, n yj;ep}K[ir!aBiiiyio 
nxx, oxtj BcaKiixi. A'tncxBiii, HecoB.MtcxHMbLX^ cb ooasanHOCxaMn ^-^ 
ji,py}KecxBeiinori Hauin oxaociixejibHO Hauiil, boioioihiix'l Meac^y ' 
co6oio». Ptuieao 6u.v) xaKiKO eAiiHorjiacHo npuHaxb nocjia ox'b 
c|)paHny3CKoii pecnyojiiiKn. BaumHrxoH'L npiisnaBaji'L (|)paHuy3CKoe 
npaeuxejibcxBO, xoxa Jinqno eiiy ae cnMnaximnoe, Bnojiat 3aK0H- 
HbiJit, xaux, KaKTj OHO ObiJio ycxaHOB.xeao aapoAOMX), Koxopun, no 
MH'feiiiio BaninHrxona, nirb.i'b no.iaoe npaBO ycxaHaBJiHsaxb npa- 



90 JKHSHb SAM^IATEJbHWX'b .lIOilEfi. 

BHiejiBCTBo, cooTBtTCTByiomee ero acejiaHiaui). 22 anptjia npo- 
KJiaMan,ifl o HefiipajiHTeT'b CoeAUHeHHtJXi) lIlTaTOBi> oujia no;tnH- 
cana BaiimHrioHOM-L, a saxtMi, 6biJia HaneqaxaHa ii pacnpocxpa- 
HGHa BTi HapoAt. 06'BflBJieHie Heiixpajinxexa 6biJio caMbiMt BajKHbiMi) 
nojiHxnqecKnMT) anxoMt BamnarroHa, ojiaroflapa KOXopoMy ctBepo- 
aMepnKancKaa pecnySjinKa ae 6LiJia BOB-ne'ieaa bt> eBponeacKia 
BOHBU, a uiJia no nyxii Miipaofi Kyjibxypbi. Co Bpeiieax, Bamiiar • 
xoaa aefixpajiHxex'b Jier-b bt, ocaoBaaie Bcett nocjiij^yiomeH uao- 
cxpaaaofi iiojihxhke CoeAHHeaabix'b lUxaxoB'b ii no^'b Ha3BaaieMx> 
yqeaia Moapoa coxpaaaexca bx. noJiaon cHJi-fe n no ceft ;i;eBb, Co- 
BpeMeHHbie aMepnKaBn,bi, saaiouue, KaKoe OjiaroAtxejibHoe BJiiaaie 
uM^Tb BAiTTy BaHiHHrxoHa, ripn3HaK)TT> nnjiMXH'iecKyK) MyApoexb 
nepBaro npesiiAOHxa CBoero Coiosa. Ho ]],a.JieKo ae xaKx. oxaocn- 
.iHCb KX. axoMy aKxy Baraaarxoaa ero coBpeMeaaaEH. Bca cxpaaa 
BX) xo BpeMa pacna;iacb aa jtBa Jiarepa, npHiieMX> AesiOKpaxM 
ojKecxoqeaao aanajiajiH aa npaBHxejibcxBO bxj rasexaxx., aa co6pa- 
Biaxx> X. ji,., o6BHaaa npesDAeaxa bx> npacxpacxia kX) Aarjiin, 
bx> B'tpojiOMcxBt no oxaomeaiK) n-h tI>paBn,iH n x. n. ^eMOKpaxa- 
'lecEifl rasexbi aaqajin npoxHBX> Bamuarxoaa aacxoamyio xpaBJiio. 
9xH rasexabia aana^KB a nacHByauia BbiBoj^ajia BaniBBrxoaa h3X) 
ce6fl. Oa-b xoxtjiX) coBctMx> 6pocaxb 'laraxb rasexbi, ao ae bx. 
CHJiaxx. 6biJix> ae npoqaxuBaxb apocxBbixx. aana^OKX, aa caMoro 
ce6H, n npa axoMx. BOJiaoBajica, Opaaajica, ao Bce-xaKa Bunn- 
CHBajiX) BpajK.ieoaua emy raaexbi. BnponeMX. aaKaKie rasex- 
Bbie xojiKH ae uorjia noKOJieoaxb ero npaaEauoBi. n yotHvji.eBifr, 
corjiacao ex. KoxopbiMH oax^ cqnxajiXj nyjKBbJMX. jttficxBOBaxb. 

He Mtmaexx. ynoMSByxb s^tcb o xomxj, mxo BamaarxoaX) ]i,tu- 
cxBBxejibBO nnxajix> atKoxopoe npncxpacxie kX) aarjinqaaaMX., ao 
3X0 npacrpacxie BOBce ae o6ycjioBJinBajioci> jioiibumh cnMnaxiaMa, 
KEKX. roBopojiH npo aero apani. Bau]HBrxoax> 6biJix> cxopoaBi]KOMX> 
xoproBaro coioaa cx> Aarjiieii, aaxo^a xaF:oH cok)3Tj Bbiro^abiMx. 
]{jia 9KoaoM0qecKaro a nyjibxjpaaro pasRnxia CBoea poAaabi, a 9xn 
pascMBXbi a o»:aAaaia ero ojiecxaa^aMx. oOpaaoMx. onpaB/ia.iacb. 

MeJKjiy xtMXj bx. Coe;i,0aeBabie lUxaxbi npaObi.iXj ({)paan,y3CKin 
nocojix> oixeae, ptuiBBmifr BocnojibsoBaxbca roxoeaocxbH) aiiepa- 
Kaaii,eBi)-AeM0EpaT0Bx, noMoraxb (jipaanysaMx. ex. opy3KieMX> bx> 
pyKaxxj. Oax> cxajix> noAcxpeKaxb aMep0KaBn,eBx> kx> cocxaBJieaiio 
j],o6j)OBnjibabixx. Boeaabixx, oxpa^OBx,, kx. caapajKeaiio BoeBabixx> 
Kopaojiefi; aMepaKaau,bi A'tacxaaxejibao aaxaaxajiB atcKOJibKo aa- 
oiHCKBXXj KopaSjiea, aa 'ixo SpaxaacKoe apaaaxejibcxBO ae sa- 



FEOPn. BAinilHrTOH'L. 91 



MeAJiHJio saflBDTt npoiecTt h ipeSoBaTt BOSMfimeEia yoLiTKOBt, 
npHqnneHHLix'L eyy aMepiiKaHiiaMH. DpHSHaBafl b^ aTon'L Ji'fejit 
iipaBoiy AHFJiiii, npaBiixeJihCTBO CoejiQHeHHHXi. nixaTOBt bshjio 
ea CTopoHy, yujaxiiJio noneceHBHe eio youiKu h npnicasajio 3a- 
KpHTb Bct. iinpibi Mil aMepHKaecKnxT> Kopaojiefl, cnapBJKeHHBix^ 
M^ saxBaxa anr.'iificKiix'L xoproBwxX) cynoBt. jEeHe OAnaKO He 
yHHMa.icfl, xaKT, nio npomjiocL npocHXb (|)paHn.y.3CKoe npaBnxe.iL- 
cxBO oxo3Haxb ero oopaxHO bo <I>paHi],iio, xaKij KaKX. ohx, bbho 
Hapymajix, AaHBbia emy nojiHOMoqia. 

OxHomeHia CoeAuneHHbix'b IlIxaxoB'b ex. AHrjiieii ObiJiii eme 
xyace, q-fejix. cx> «l>paHi;iefi, ii cx> KaacAHMx> ji,HeMX) yxyj^majiucb. 
AHrjiii'iaHe saxeaxajii MHOJKecxBO aMepiiKaHCKaxx. xoproBuxx^ 
Kopaojen cx> sepaoMX. ii Mynoii, HanpaBJiaBuiBxca bo $paHBiK), n 
oxapaBH.iii 0xx> bx. aarjiificKie iiopxu. Ilpoxecxti aMepnKaHCKaro 
npaBBxe.ibCXBa aojiroe BpeMa an kx. qfeiay ne npHBOAnjiii, n aa- 
Koaeux. oxHomeaia ch oOtrixx^ cxopoax. xaK^ ooocxpajiHCb, qxa 
Bonaa Kasajiacb Heaso'iJKHoii. OxKpbiaaa Koarpeccx. bx> jieKaopt 
1793 r., BamnarxoBX, npeAJioaciiJiX) npaaaxb aitpbi j^jia oooposbi 
cxpaau II j.iH saiuHXbi iipaax, ajiepHKaacKiixxj rpajKjtaax,. 9xn 
npejiJiojKeHia BauiJin no;iAepacKy bx> ootuxx. capxiaxx. Koarpecca, 
iioaHMaBuiHxx,, Hxo nocxynoKX) Aarjiia ecxb aapyuieaie npaBX> 
apOBOsrjameaaaro CoeAnaeaabiMH IIIxaxaMH aeiixpajiiixexa. 

BcKOpt o;iBaKo BaianHrxoax. nojiyqHJix> H3Bira;eaie oxx> aaie- 
puKaacKaro nocjia bx. JIoHAoat, qxo opaxaacKifl Ka60aexxj bh- 
pajKaexT. roxoBsocxb MnpojiiooaBbiMx, nyxeiviX) yjia;i,0Xb aecorjiacia 
MeHijiy Afloiefi ii IIIxaxaMH ii ae npoqb saKJUoqaxb cx> ctBepo- 
aMepflKaacKHMX. CoioaoMx. xoproBbin ^oroBopX). Bamiiarxoa'b xox- 
Macx. iKG iiocjia.ix. bx> Joaj^oax, Jl^Kea. j\j\a. neperoBopoBx> cb aa- 
r.iificKHMx. npaenxejibcxBOMX); ao saaa, qxo, bx^ cjiyqat aeyjiaqH 
,lJKea. Bonaa ex. Aarjiiea BeD36'feaiea, Koarpeccxj upnaajix. Mtpbi 
jja oSopoBbi rxpaabi. Upesiij^eaxxj npoAOJiH{ajix> noABepraxbca 
aaiiaAKaMX. jteMOKpaxoBX^, xoxa jKejiajix> xojibKO Sbixb cnpaBe;i,jiu- 
BbiMx. Ko BctMx, aan,iaMX., acnxb co Bcfeiun bxj Jiepi, ao bx. xo-jKe 
Bpejia, ;iJia rapaaxin iiiipa. Bcer^a 6bixb roxoBbiMX. kx. Bonat. 

IlaKoaeiiL, bx. Mapxt 1795 r., BamimrxoBX. BO.iyqnjiX) oxx. 
^Hcea yc.iOBia xoproaaro ^oroBopa, npe,waraeMbia Aarjiieii. Bo 
Maoraxx. oxaomeaiaxx. AoroBopx. ae oxatqajix. oacDAaaiaMX. npesii- 
aeaxa; ao bx. oomeii'b axox-b AoroBopx. Bce-xaKa o6tffl,ajix. CoeAa- 
aeBHUJix. Hlxaxaxix. asBicxaua BbiroAW, a noxoMy Bamaarxoax. 
pfemnjX) KaKx> MOHx'ao CKopte paxa^ailHpoBaxb ero a ex. axoio 



^)2 :KH3Hh 3AMt,'IATR.lbHhlX'h .TTOIeIi. 

[^-fejiLK) co3Ba.Tb ceHaTTj, corjiacHO ct> KoecTHTyaiefi, nirfeBuiiii 
BMtcTt CI. npesHji.eHTOii'b ripaeo paTH({)UKan.iii ToproBwx-L ji,oroBO- 
poRt CL ApyniMFi AepJKaBaMii. CeHaTt nameJi'BToproBLiii ."^nroBopi^ 
CT) AHrjiieft y^oBjieTBopiiTejibHbni^, ho BOcnpoinBiiJicfl sanpeme- 
am BBiBoatiTb n3T> Coeji.iiHeHHWX'b UlTaTOBT> xjion'taxyio Sywary, 
KOTopaa OM.ia rjiaenbiM-L npe;iMeToMTj nLiB03a Hat io'/Kblixi. inia- 
TOBT. BaiiinHriORi. o'lyTn.Tca TaKRMi> o6pa30MT. bt, oojimiiom^ 3a- 
Tpyji;Heeiii. Ct. ohhoh CTopoHW HenpaeaTie ;i,oroRopa rposiijio bod- 
eofi, ci> Apyrofi— Bi. npecct yc.ioBia jtnroBopa B036yAMH oypw 
HeroAOBania; ho BaiuHHrToay HHiero ;i,pyroro ne ocTaBa.iocB A'fe- 
jiaib, Kaiit noj,niicaTb j^orOBopt. Bt OTB-fext aa iipoiecTB ooctoh- 
ueBt iipoTiiB-B aroro j],oroBopa, BamuarTOH'b MeHcjiy npoinM'L nn- 
€ajn>, 'iTo oat oSteKTHBao B3BtciLi'b Bcfe ji,OBoj,bi 3a a npoTnBTj 
jloroBopa, MTO Jiytiiaaro noKa aejib3a saKJiioqnTb, n mto laKott jto- 
roBopt BO BcaKOMT> cjiyiafe oojite cooTBtTCTByeTi) nHTepecaw^ 
cxpaabi, a-feMt Bofiaa. IIoAniicaaabin BamiierToaoMt j],oroBopT> 
obiJi-b oinpaBJieai, at Aarjiiio, ch npocboofi ynu'iToacaib nyaKit, 
i;acaiom,inca 3aripenteHia BUBO30Tb u3'l AMepiiKa x.ion'iaTyio 6y- 
Mary, aa mo jioa;i,oacKin KaSaHext corjiacajica, 

Majio no Majiy oxaoujeHia CoeAaaeaebix'b lUxaxoBt ki, ;];py- 
raMT) rocyj.apcxBaji'b aaMa-na iipiiaaMaxb ojiaroapiaxabia ooopox^. 
Ilocji'b xoproRaro AoroBopa c^ Aarjiiea, saKJiio'ieai. obi.ix. ;i,oroBopx 
ct Ilcnaaieit, no Koxopo.My KopaoJin ('oe;ineeBabix'b IlIxaxoBXi no- 
.lyanjiFi jiocxynt btj MaccacanK. UxKpbiBaa 3acliAaaie Koarpecca 
Rt 179(i r., BaiaaarxoHt Mori. no3;ipaB0Xb oot na.iaxbi cb 6.iaro- 
npiaxBbiM^ iiojioaceaieii-b A'fe-^t, ojiaroAapa KOxopo\iy pecnyS.iuKa 
Morjia HaA'fcaxbca ea Mapeoe Kyjii.xypaoe pasBaxie. O^aaKO xop- 
roBbiii noroBopX) cb Aar.iiea chjibbo noicojeoajn, aonyjiapaocxb 
BaaiaHrToaa, xoxa oht. aa aa siraoBeaie ae ynycKajiT) a3'L Bojiy 
6;iara cxpaHU; eiu;e Jtojiro apoj^o.iHcajiHCB Hana;tKa aa aero Bt 06- 
mecxB-fe a btj nciaxa, noKa aaKoaeux. ae Y6i>ji}Lwch, axo nyxb, 
iisopaHHbin BaiaaarxoaoM^, oujit, Jiynne Bcaicaro jpyruro. 

MejKviy xtMT, acxeicajio Bxupoe aexbipexjitxie upe3u;];eHxcxBa 
Baiuaarxuaa. lla axox-b pa3'b, aaxo^a, axo oai. yace nocxaxo'iHO 
fioxpyAajica, BaiaaHrxoat ptiaaji'ByAajiaxbca bt. Moyaxt-BepaoHb 
« o6paxn;ica Kt aapoj;y ex. npouiajibaynX) ajipecoM^, aaneaaxaa- 
BbLM^ 3a nojiroA^i ;i,o oKoa'iaHin ero npesaAeexcxBa. Bt> 3xomt> ao- 
KyMeaxb Baaianrxoa-b peaioMapoiuijn. pe3y.ibxaxbi cBoero ;i,o.irarij 
onuxa Bx. ooiii,ecxBeHabiX'b;i,b.iaxx> a 03Jio}Kmi'b cbok) aojiixnaecicyio 
cacxejiy. Bxj 3aK.iK)'ieHin ajpeca oeX) roBopajiXi MeacAy npoanjrb 



rEOPri) BAimiHrTOH'!.. 93 



cjit^yromee: «XoTfl, orjiflAUBaacb ea Bct aKxti Moero yiipaBJieHm, 

H He BUiKy HH OAHOfi C03HaTeJIbH0S OIUllOKU, BO fl rjiyooKO iiyB- 

CTByio CBon HejtocTaTKii ii BnojiHt j;onycKaio, hto, ohtb mcukctx^ 
coBepmH.i-b MHoro oiudookT). KaKOBbi 6u hh 6u.nu am ouiiiSkm, a 
ropano mojik) BceeumHiiro ycipaHUib to 3jio, KaKoe OH'fe MorjH obi 
iipHqHHBTb. HyHomy cbcoOoio HaAeacjiy, iito Moa poARHa niiKorAa 
ne 'nepecTaHei'b OTHOCiiTbca ktj nHMTi ch cH0Cxo}Kii,eHieMT) h ^to, 
iioc.Tb -i5-Tc-jitTHflro peBHocTHaro cjiyiKeeia OTeqecTBy, yA'kJioM'b 
Monxi. BejtocTaTKOB-b CAliJiaeTca 3a6BeHie, KaK^ mobmTj yAtjiOMTb 
cKopo CAtJiaeiCfl B-feiiHoe ycnoKoeHie, IlojiaraflCbHa TaKyro Aoopoiy 
Moeii njaMeHHO JiooiiMoii poAUHbi, a sapaate Hacjia;i:Aaiocb T'feMT> 
yoAHHeflieM^, bt, KOTopoM'L iicnbixaK) na ce6±, BMicit co cbohmh 
corpa;Kj,aHaMU, cjiajtocTHoe o.iaroA'feaHie saKonoB'b, oxpaeaeaibix'b 
cBo6o;iHUM'b iipaBBiejibCTBOM'b...)) 3totb ajipecb iiponsBeju. aa 
HapoAi> CBJibHoe BaeqaiJitHie, ii ^aJKe Bparu BauiaarTOHa no^Aa- 
.iiicb ooaaaiio iicxnaHO BejiiiKon jiyuiii aroro saMLyaiejibHaro Me- 
.lOB'tKa. Bet iio.iQTuqecKia iiapiiii coeAUHB.iucb bt> odmeM'b lyB- 
cTBt 6.'iaroAapHocT0, jiio6bu u yBaaceHia icb lOMy, kto xaK'b ^oJira 
II HeycxaHBO xpyAu.ica ji,jin cBonxT>cooTeqecTBeHH0KOB'b, CoBctxt 
cTopoH-b nocbinajincb oxBtxabie a^pecbi cb iisx.aBjieHieM'b coaca- 
jtaia, 11X0 oh^ noKBAaexi) iiocxx. npeauAeaxa. 

Bt, ({leBpajit 1797 r. nponsomjiD BbiSopu HOBaro npesuneaxa, 
KOTopbiM'b uaopaH^ obM'b AAaaiCTj. BamiiHrxoH'b bx. Ka^iecxBt npo- 
CToro spflxe^ia iipucyxcxBOBajiij iipii iipncart aoBaro npe30A<3Hxa. 
Orpoiieaa icina aapoAa xtcnajiacb BuKpyr-b 3AaHia. Ho oHa omii- 
Aa-ia He HOBaro, a cxaparo npesnAOHxa. KaKx. tojibko Baiii0erxoHX> 
Bbimejix. I13X) sa.xbi, r^t np0HOCBJiacb npucara. Bca lojina ycxpe- 
M0Jiacb BC.TbA'b 3a humtj. BuiiAa aa y.i0ii,y, BamuHrT0Hx> ooaa- 
a;iiJiXj ro-ioBy; cepeopaabie .xoKOHbi ero pasBtBajiiicb BtxpoMX,. 
CX) Ji0ii,oMX5. ciaioiuBMX. 6e3KOHe»iaoK) jiioooBbK) a Aoopoxoio, npii- 
B-bxcxBOBa-ix. 0HX> MHoroTbicaqayK) aapoAHyio xoiiiy, Koxopaa bx> 
TopjKecxBeHaoMX) MO.iqaHiii npoBoacaJia eroAOABepeuero AOMa. SA'fecb 
OHX> ooepay.ica eme pa3X> a oy60K0 noooaaica, B^ rjia3axx. ero 
cxoaju c.ie3bi. Ho oxxj BOJiaeaia ohx> ae bx> cajiaxx. Cu-iXi iipo- 
iisaecxii an ciona, u aaaiiaMa Bbipa'/KajXj cbok) ojiaroAapaocxb ii 
nocjiiiAaia no/Ke.iaBia. 

Bo3BpameBie Bauiaanoaa h3x. 4>o.!iaAejib(|)i0 bx. Moyaxx.- 
Bepaoa-b obi.io xaKaarb ace TpiyM(|)ajibBbiMX. mecxBieMX), KaKx> 
uxupaBJieaie bx. Hbio lopiix, 8-io roAaiui paabuie. Ero bce) ao- 
pory conpoBoacAa.ia Boeaabie oxpaAM; Be3A't aapoAX., ropoHcaae, 



9i -/KUSHb SAlI-BqATE.ILHLIXT) JIFOaEn. 

ropojtCKifl BJiacTH BhicbinaJiii npneiTCTBOuaTb ere, Slitb MOJKexi] 
BT> nocji'fe;;Hiri pa3T>. II lo.ibKO BepHyBuiiicb Bt MoyHT^-BepHOH^, 
BamnarTOHTj Mon. noiyciBOBaTb ceoa MacTHbuii qeJiOBl^KOMT). 

Bi) MoyHTTi-BepHOH'b BauiHHriOH'b npoee.Tb ociaxoK'b cBonxt 
JtHeu, 3aHUMaflCb cejibCKHMi) xoaaBcTBOii'b u oipbiBaflCb oTh Hero 
TOJibKO Tor^a, Korjia Toro ipeSoBajia oSmecTBeHHaa acnaeb. BpcMn 
Bt MoyHTi.-BepHOH'fe oht> npoBo;i0Ji'b KaK^ Bcer^a, ho 'lanie 
npejKHflro iipaBUJibHocTb nepeBeHCKOU jkhshu napyma.iacb noct- 
meHifljiH HSi, AMepflKii n ns-b EBporiw. «3a ootAOM'b a. BcerAa 
noqxii BHJKy 'lyjKifl jiima, KOTopua HBJiaioTCfl, KaK^ ohh roBopfli'L, 
031) yBajKenia ko MHt. II KaKaa pa3Han,a jieacAy hxT) noctme- 
eiaMU H npacyiCTBieM^ 3a MOHM-b ctojiomt, HtcKOJibKoxi) hbtiim- 
HbixT> ;ipy3efi!» OjiHaKO^Ke BaiuHHrTOHy npuiujiocb eiij,e paaX) Bbi- 
cxyniiTb Ha oomecxBeHHoe nonpHme. Co Bpeiienn ocxaB.ieHia hmt, 
npe30;i,eHxcxBa naqajiii cnjibHO ooocxpaxbca oxHomenia CoH)3a ch 
<I>paHn,ien, HSAOBOJibHOH xoproeuMi. AoroBopoMi. MeHc^y Coej];n- 
fleHHUMH lUxaxaMH ii AHr.iien. IIo pacnopaaceHiK) ({)paHHy3CKaru 
npaBHxe.ibCXBa (jiHpeKXopia), ajiepiiKaHCKie Kopao.ia, nanpaBJiaB- 
mieca b^ Aarjiiio, 3axBaxuBaji0Cb (|)paHii.y3aMu, ii Bct iipoxecxbi 
aMepnKannGB'b ocxaB.iajiacb Oeaxi BHRMania. Ma.io no Majy oxho- 
meuia ex. <I>paHii,ieii npHHaJia xaKofi ooopoix., qxo npnxoAniiocb 
roxoBHXbca ktj Bofrnfe. OpraH03OBaHa obuia apjiia ii npnaaxbi 
Obijin Mtpu ;^Jia oSopoHbi cxpanbi. Bet B3opLi oiiaxb o6paxnji0Cb 
Ha iipecxaptjiaro ooaxaxejia MoyHXT>-BepHOHa, Ilpesn^ienxx pec- 
ny6;iHK0, ji.a h Becb napoA'b, 6biJiH yBtpoBu, qxo OAHoro nMenii 
BaniHHrxoHa nocxaxoyHO, qxo6Bi BOOAyuieBHXb cxpany jjia 6opb6H, 
'1X0 o;i,Ho HMa ero cnocoSno cx> Apyroft cxopoHU oxoHXb y ({)paH- 
ii,y30BX> oxoxy BOOBaxb. O'leab xaacejio 6hiJio BaiuiiHrxony corjia- 
CHXbca Ha npoeb6y npesH^eHxa Bsaxb na ceoa KOMaHAOBaHie 
HOBoit apMieil. Ho bcio acnsHb ohx. pyKOBO^HJica 30bomx. poAHHti 
a acepxEOBaji-b cboomh jinqHUsia yji;o6cxBaMH ii xaKT> nocxynnji'b 
bT) 3X0XX) pa3X). Ohtj eorjiacnjica na Ha3HaqeHie ero rjiaBHO- 
KOMaHjiyiomaMT), no ex. xtMT> ycjiOBieMX), hxo ocxaHexca bt> Mo- 
yflxx>-BcpHOH'b ji;o xtxi. nopx>, noKa jiaqHoe ero npacyxcxBie bx> 
apMia He 6y;i,exx. Heo0Xo;tHMO. H boxt. onaxb npnuiJiocb BamaHr- 
xony Bbipaoaxbisaxb njianx, boghhuxi. jj.'feacxBifi, Haananaxb ot{)0- 
uepoBT,, BeexH niiCbMeHHbie neperoeopbi ct> BoeHHbiMii n rpajK- 
JtaHCKHMH BJiacxHMn. Bee axo ohx. coBepiuajn> ctj lOHOuiecKOio 
BHepriefi; ho bx. xo-ace Bpe.Ma ohx> chjibho coMHtBa-ica B'b xomt., 
*ixo6u $paHU,ia ptmajiacb na oxKpbixyio Bofmy ex. Coe;];0HeHHbiMH 



TEOPri. BAintmrTOHTj. 95 



IIlTaTaMii. JI,'bJiafl BoeHHua iipiiroTOBJieHia, oht, c.TfejtoBajn, ceo- 
eMy y6-fe}KAeHiK), no KOTopoiiy cBoeepeMenHMa nparoTOBJieeifl kI) 
BOHHt dbi.iH JiyiimHMTi cpeACTBOMT) jiJia coxpaHeHia iiiipa, Ba- 
lUiiHrTonT) He omaoca: CKopo jinpeKTopia cb BoHaiiapTOMi. bo 
r.iaBt na-LaBH.ia corjiacie na MepojiioSiiByR) c/^-fejiKy ct> CoeAnaen- 
HbiMH UlTaTaMH. J^o nojiHaro oKOHqaaia HOAopasyMtHifi cb $paH- 
ii,ieH BaiuimrTOHy oj,HaKO ae cyaci^eHo 6biJio j^oacnib. 

12-ro jteKaopa 1799 r. Baiuaanoat, KaKT> oSMKaoBeaao, no 
o5tji,a o6'L'b3}Ka.i'b ceoa (|)epMbi, ae oopamaa BHHMaaia aa oTepa- 
THiejiLByK) noroAy. UlejiT) cMtmaaauH co CH'feroMT> aohab h AyJit 
xojiOAabifl B-feiepTj. BauiHHrTOHT> npoMOKi, ao KOCTen a cojibHo 
03a6Tj; KorAa oai) Bepay.ica AOMoii, to xjionba catra noBHC.iii y 
aero aa BOJiocaxT>, n BOAa cxpynjiacb sa BopoTanKT>. OAHaKO, 
He CMOTpa aa npocboy aceau, oa^ ae corjiacnjica nepe- 
MtHHTb ii.iaxbe. Ha Apyrofi Aeab oai. 'lyBCTBOBajn. oshgo'l e 6ojib 
B-b ropjit; rtM-b ae Meate oht> Aoaro Boanjica bt. caAy, coocTBea- 
Hopyqao OTM'liiaa Aepeaba, sacjioaaBiuia bhatj aa ptKy, a koto- 
pua pacnopflAHJica cpyoaib. K-b aeiepy ciajio eMy xyme, ao oa-b 
He xoTt.ib npaaaMaxb aaKaKuxi. M-fep-b, roBopa BCxpeBOiKeaHbiii'b 
AOMamaujrb, uxo «3xo npofiAexT)XaK'b-jKe, KaK-b npaniJio. Becb ae- 
qepi) oai) npoBejix. co cBoett ceMbea, qaxaa ea BCJiyx'b, ne CMOxpa 
HE xpuaoxy, aaxepecabia BbiAepacKa h3T) raaexX). Hoqbio Jiaxo- 
paAKa ycHJiBJiacb, a oayxojib bt> ropjit ae Aasajia eMy AWiuaxb. 
JIpamjiQCb nocjiaxb 3a AOKXoposi'b KpaKOM-b. Eme ao npn6bixia 
ero Bamnarxoa-b npaKasajiT. OAaoMy as-b CBoax'b cjiyacaniax-b 
nycxaxb eMy KpoBb; ao 9xo ae noMorjio. BamaarxoaT) cajitao 
cipaAajiT), Abixaaie ero cxaaoaajiocb Bce xpyAHie. KpsK-b, npn- 
^HBUiia Cb ABjMa ApyraMH apaqaMa, onaxb npaS'fer'b k^ Kpoao- 
nycKaaiH), xaKX^ ^xo b^ oomea c.iojKaocxn Shjio Bbinyaieao 3:^ 
yai;ia KpoBa, qxo OKoaqaxejibao Jiiimnjio cxapaKa cnjii). BamaHr- 
ToaX) noqyBCXBOBa.i'b npaojiaHceaie Koaii,a. «il BBJKy, qxo yMH- 
paio, — CKaaaji-b oht> ct> noKopaocxbro, — axo AOJiri., Koxopbifi act 
Mbi AOJiacau ynjiaxaxb*. OaX) npocajii jKeay CyKeqb ero cxapoe 
3aBtiu,aaie a ocxasaxb aoBoe, iioiitqeaaoe 9-M'b iioaa 1799 r.-^ 
ceKpexapK) cBoeMy npaKasaji-b npaaecxa bX) nopaAOKX) caon ao- 
KyMeaxbi, nacbwa ii cqexa. CxpaAaaia ero Bce ycajiaaa-iacb. Ct> 
Bbipa}KeaieMT> djiaroAapaocxH btj rjia3axT>, oaX) CKasajiX) ceKpe- 
xapio, cxapaameMyca uoMoqb eMy Jieqb yAoOa-fee: «3to xopouio; 
3X0 AO-irX), Koxopbiii mm aojukhm njiaxnxb Apyrxj APyry, h a sa- 
A'feK)Cb, qxo KorAa BaMT> noaaAoSaxca xaKaa ace noMomb, xo bh 



96 acnSHh SAM'tlATEJIbHUX^ jhoheS. 

Hafiaeie ee». «,T,oKTopi., — oSpainjicfl ohi, kt, KpaKy, — CMepiB y 
MeHfl xaacejiaa, ho yMepext a He 6oiocl». Kt> seqepy ohi> cxaji'B 
CHJibHte saAuxaiLCfl, ho .lejKa.iT,, ne ji,Bnraacb a ae ava.iyflct. 
Okojio 10 'lac. Beiiepa oh-l ctj ycHJiieM'L npoMo.iBfl.i^: «MoMeHT'i> 
iiacTajiT)... il yMiipaio... IloxopoHiiTe Menji j],o.iacHUMT> oopasoM'B... 
uo He paHbme, KaKt lepeai. ipn ana... noHajiu?» Cnycia ne- 
MHoro OH-B ciajit Awmaxb CBo6oji,Hl>e, caM^ xoxtjii) oujio ora,y-| 
iiaxb y ce5a uyjibCT>, ho pyica ero 6e3ciiJibH0 ynajia. Bi) ho% ci.i 
14-ro Ha ]5-oe ^eKaSpa 1799 r. BaraHHrroH-b CKOH'iajica, j[o- 
cxHrayB'b noTixn 68-Mii-jitxHaro Bospacxa, noxopoHii.iu ero bti 
({)aM0jibHOMX> CKJien'fe, bt. Moynx'b-BepHOH'fe, 

Kor^a B'b $HJiaiejib$i0 nojiyieno 6biJio u3Btcxie o CMepxn 
BaniHHrxona, K0HrpeccT> xoxqacTj ace npeKpaxiurX) sacfe^aHie. Ha 
cjitAyiouuH ASHb sac'bAaHie oxKpbiJiocb ptibio MapmaMa. «Haraero 
BanjHurxoHa oojil^e He cyiuecxByexi.,— -CKa3ajn> oh^;— repofl, na- 
xpioxTj II MyApouTj AMepiiKii, qe-iOBtK^, Ha Koxoparo bx. Mimyxy 
onacHocxfl o6paui,aji0Cb Bck B3opbi, mieexxj xeuepb Jiiimb B'b cbo- 
iixxj BejuiKOXTj jxta.max'h u btj cepjii^ax'b ropaqo ero aroOaBuiaro 
II orop'ieHHaro HapoAa!» Konrpeccb iiocxaHOBHJiX), qxo bo Bpesia 
ceccin Kpec.io cniiKepa aojijkho obixb ooxaayxo qepabiM-b KpenOMij, 
n nxo AenyxaxLi B'b snaK'b xpaypa ;i,ojiacHbi asjiaxbca aa 3ac'bAaHia 
B'b MepHUX'b njiaxbax-b. KpoM'b xoro p'tmeao 6biJio BOSABHrayxb 
MpaMopabiii naMaxHHKx>, qxoobi yB-feKOB-feqaxb BoeHHua u dojihxq- 
lecKis ft'feaHia Baiuiiarxoaa, n iiopyqaxb npesiiAGHxy ox'b UMena 
KOHrpecca nauHcaxb Mnccncb BamnHrxoH'b b Bupasaxb eft co6o- 
Ji'tsHOBaHie. n3Btcxie o CMepxu BaiuimrxoHa obicxpo oo.iext.io 
BCK) cxpaay; Bcfe napxiu Ha apeiia saObijifl cbok Bpa}Kji,y u 6paxcKU 
npoxaayjiii Apyr'b apyry pyKa, cKopoa o6'b yxpax'fe qeJiOB'feKa, Bca 
H{H3Hb KOXoparo SfciJia npiiM'bpoMX> caiiooxBepsKeuia pa;iii aapoji,- 
Haro ojiara, — qejiOB-bKa, KoxopbiQ na iioji'b onxBbi oxcxoanx, neaa- 
BHCiiMOCxb AMepHKH u pyK0B0ji,iiJi'b HepBUMn uiaraMH Mojoauii 
pecnyojiHKB, — ye.iOB'LKa, Koxopmii Ou.i'b «iiepBWM'b HaBoaa'fe, nep- 
BUM'b B'b sinp-fe u iiepBbiM'b BT> cep/iaax'b CBoaxX) corpaHtAaHX.», 

KOXOparO C^ IIOJlHLlM'b JipaBOM-b MOJKHO OIJJIO Ha3Baxb «oxn,OM'b 

uxeyecxBa». 



CntCTbe M TpyAl. MaumetaHHa. 3-e ii3j. U,. 50 k. 
MiTepH BenHKMX-b /iiOAeii. Eaoku. Depes. cb ^paei;. 

Co MHorHMH pHcyHsaMH H noprpeTaMH. II. 60 k. 
Jlo;)Oit opymiel AHTHBoea. poM. B. Symneiiz. \\.ZQ K. 
floA'b MacKOii 6;iaroHecTin. (IIpecTynJieHifl ii oprin 

nani). Pom. S Ilocmejiu. Ct> HTajTbflHCK. I^. 1 p. 
TypreHeBT> o pyccKOivn. HapOAt. MxeHia ajih napo- 

AA. Ci nopTpexoMi H. C. TypreneBa. U. 15 k. 
JItiTepaTypa m wttSHb. IlacbMa o pa3Bi>isi> pasHo- 

eraxi. H. K. MuxauAoaenato. U,. 1 p. 
BbtpowAeHie. ncRxonaimeciciii flBJieiiia b% o(5Jia- 

CTH coBpeMeHHoft jinTeparypbi h iicKyccTBa. 

MaKca llopday. DepeBOirb ci HtMeuKaro, noffb 

peAaKUlefi h ci npeAHCJioBie»n> P, CeMenmuoe- 

cKQio. Bojibmofl TOMT>, 585 ctoji6. H. 1 p. 50 K. 
t)praHH3ai;ifl CBOfiOAbi h o6u;ecTBeHHbm Aonri,. 

A Ujignco. llepeB. noai peAaKnieii h ci> npean- 

cjioBieMT. P. CeMeuinKoecKato. M,. 80 k. 
Co'^ia/ibHOe paastiTie. h'udda. Ci npeAHC.i. npo(}) 

flfiicMana. IlepeB. Af. VgnuHChOu. 1!,. 75 k. 
iinecTseHHbiii opraHnsiKi.. P PopMc. UepeBoai) 

aojTb^ pe^aKuieH ii ct iipe;iHcjiOBieMt npo$ec- 

copa A. 'fp IHteClmtO. H. 75 K. 

BeacmepTie tb toikh sptRin aBOJiiouioHHaro na- 
rypaJiiiSMa. JIckhIh A. CaOamte. IlepeB. B. 00- 
/leuMoea. 2-e iisfl. U. 50 Kon. 

06u;ecTBeHHbiii nporoeccb n perpecci. Fpeecfia. ne- 

peB. /'. Ilntiepnu. U.. 1 p. 50 K. 
CoRpeweHHaa meHMvuHa. Kh nojiOHceniH bi EBponI; 

u AMepiiK*. r>. '}>. njiaudma. U,. 60 K. 
McTOpin HMBM/iM3aniM ay, fiMTn\». Eoxjiji. nepeBOAT> 

A. h. riyiiMHHKuto. Ct> nopxp. aBTopa. Ci npii- 

MtiaHiflMH. U,. 2 p. H 6e3T> HHXT, — 1 p. 50 K. 

fepOM M repoMMecKoe bt. HCTopiM. llyfljiiiiHUH (5e- 
1 bflbi. TuM. JiitpAeu.tji.2-ei iiaa. II. 1 p. 

rpHAyuan paca.<I>aHTacTH'iecKifi poMam>. c^«> ByAb- 
f'pa. IlepeB. CT. anrji. U. 50 k. 

EB|>oneiicKie MOHapxH m mxi ABOpu. PoHU'eos^a. C-b 
16 nopx. U. 1 p. 



HcTopifl (|]paHi;y3CK0Pi peBO/iK)u,jM. H. Kapne II»p« 

BOAl CT. (})paHU,. 2-e aajx. U,. 1 p. 
MCTopin peiMriH. npo(}). A. Menauca. Ci aHrJilC 

CKaro. II. 1 p. 
McTOpifl Ky/ibxypbi. JIvnnepmn. HepeBoab ci ffi 

Meu,Karo. Ci 85 pnc. 3-e naa. II. 1 p. 60 K. 
MCTOpin ceMbH. /Junnepma (aBTopa „HcTopi« Kyiu 

Typbi"). nepeBOifb c-b H*MeuKaro. U,. 75 k. 
IIpeACTaBHTe/'bHoe npas/ieHie. A^. I'nnoapmmMu 

AS. II. 60 K. 

riyib Kl CHacTbK). CocT. <Ppud. KupxHepi. H,6V t 
McTOpin HOBtHLueii pycCKOH /iHrepaTypu (184i- 

1892 rr.). A. CiidCuHeacKato, 3-e h3A. Ci 52-i 

nopxp. II. 2 p. 
McTopifl pyccKOii iieHsypu. A. CKa6uueeeicai( 

n- 2 p. 

Bi noHCKaxii aa hctmhoh. Mikcu Ilopday. Dep* 

BOAl Cb Hi&M. .9. Sayepi. 4-e H3A. U- 1 p. 
EoAbHan yiH)60Bb. riirieHin. poMaHT> MaHnntiinu( 

U,. 50 K. 
Poflb oSmecTBeHHaro MHtHin bt. rocyjapcTBeHK-i 

%HaHH. llpoij). /'u.nneiidopcfia. U,. 75 K. 
SaKGHU rpamAaHCKHX'b AoroBopax'b.oSm.enoBflxii 

najioHceHHbie h oOTiHCHenHi.ie. Cocxas. £. 0apMc 

noacKiu. llaa. 4-e. U,. 1 p. 25 k. 
OnepKH caMoynpaBneHJR (aeMcKaro, ropoflCKoro 

cejibCKaro). C. JIpukaohckuio. U,. 2 p. 

Gopb6a Cb SeMBIbHblM'b XHIUHvmeCTBOIK'b. BblTOBt,) 

oiepKH H. Tuuoine)iKoea. U.. 1 p. 
Eptoxo neiepfiypra. 06mecxBeHHo-(j)H3lo;iorH'J9CK 

OiepKH. A. Baj-iiiinpoea. II. 1 p. 50 K. 
McTOpin KHurM Ha PycM. A. Edxtniupoea. Co mbc 

niMH pncyHKaMH. II. 1 p. 50 k. 
PyccKie it>/iaHepbi bt. nap^imt. Ilonoaa. 2-« Ha. 

U- 1 P- 
no rpaAaMi m BecflMi). PoMaHi. BoAotduna. (II. 3« 

ooAHMCKaro). II. t p. 50 k. 
ripaBMTeiM M Mbic;iHTeJiH. Biorpa^niecKle oiepB 

t-. d.i'umauKoeoii.CouHorHUHiiopTpeTauB.U.t ; 



Jljia fl-feTen h lOHoinecTBa. 



MnnmcTpMpoBaHHbin CKaSKM AHAepceHa. IlojiHoe 
cofipaHie bt> 6 xom. Ct> 530 piicyHK. IlepeB. B. 
}tu/iu3oecnou. U,. KaHCflaro xoMa 60 k. bt. nan. 
75 K., BT, iiepenji. no 3 xoMa — 2 p. 50 k. 

CHaSKH rycTa(|)C0Ha. Ci 30 pnc. II,. 1 p. 25 k., bi 
oaBK-b 1 p. 50 K, BT> nepenji. 1 p. 75 k. 

PycCKifl HapOAHbin CKaSKH at ciMxaxi.. A.Bpxxua- 
Huuoau. Ci> apex 11. C. TypreneBa. Mhojk. piic. 
II. 2 p. Bi nanK-b 2 p. 50 k., Bt nepenji. 3 p. 

Ha acMAt H noAi) aeM/ieii. Ils-b bochom. BceMipna- 
ro nyxemecTBeHHHKa. P. J'aAyaneaa. Ct> pnc. 
U. 1 p. 25 K., Bi> nanirb 1 p. 50 K., B"b nep. 2 p. 

Hi/imcTpMpoBaHHbie poMahbi AxKKeHca.Bi coKpa- 
meBBOMi, nepeBOA'b JJ. UleAtynoaou. 1) JlaBiiAt 
Konnep^HJibfli, 2) JIom6h h cbim>, 3) CiiiBept 
Tbhcxt., 4) Eo.nbinifl naaeJKAbi, 5) Hann> ofimin 
flpyn., 6) JIaBKa flpeBHOcxeft, 7) KpotnKa flop- 
pim>, 8) Tfl/KeJibia BpeMeaa, 9) XojioahhS ^omt., 
10) HHKoaafi HHKJibeH, 11) flaa ropoaa, 12) Map- 
TTiBT> MeajibBHxi.. Iltna KawAaro poMana 40 k. 
Bx nanicfe 50 K.,BT>nepen.iex-hno6 poM. — 3p.25K 

UpHwe 6oraTbipM. K. Jionpadn. Ci 55 pncynKaMii. 
•-• yAeuiesJi. BaAanle. U,. I p., bt> nepenjiext 
1 p. 75 K. 



M/i/iiocTpHpoBaHHbie poMaHu BaibTepi-CKorra. B 
C0KpanieHH0MT> nepeBoa* ./P lUeAiyHoeou. J t B 
Bepjiefi, 2) AHTHKBapia, 3) Po6T>-Pofl, 4) AttBenr' 
5) AcrpoJiori., 6) KBenxnHi flopBapAi, 7) Byi 
cxoKT., 8) SaMOKi KennjibBopxT., 9) JlauepMyi 
TKafl HeB^cxa, 10) JlerenAa o Monxpoa*, 11) Dt 
Bepnjib IInKT>, 12) npecBHxepiane, 13) QeprcKa 
Kpacasnua, 14) ASfiaxi, 15) MonacTbipb, 16) Hi 
paxT., 17) Kapjfb CM-b.iibia, 18) PH<iapAi-JIi>Bna( 
CepAiie, 19) OSpyHeHHbie, 20) HepHufi KapjiHKi 
21) lipnicJiiOHeHia Hnrasfl, 22) PeAranxJien., 2i 
PofiepTb rpa(tn> OapHHCCRlft, 24) CeHT>-PoHaHCKi 
BOAbi, 25) OnacBbiii sauoicb b Asa uacxyxa. I 
Kaw. poM. 40 K.,Bi> nan. 50 K.,B'b nepenA. no &-T 
poManoB'b u. 2 p. 80 k. 

Kb CBtxy. PaacKasbi B. Otapntea. Ci 27 pn 
U,. 1 p., B-b nanK-t 1 p. 25 e., bi nep. 1 p. 60 i 

CciiKOMy rBOSAK) CBoe Mtcro. ^1. RpytAoaa. Ci i 
pHc. I^. 1 p. 25 K., Bi nan. 1 p. 50 R., Bi nop. 2 

A^TCKiii MacKapaAi). As6eAeaa. Ci 16 p. I^. 20 : 

Asa npoKaSHHKa. niyxoiH. paacK. bi> CTHzax 
Byiiiu. Hep. CT> HtMenK. 100 pac. 2-e aafl. IJ. a 
naarb 50 k. 



C^ ocemi 1890 toda usdaeinc» aadyManHOH 0. IIaeAeHKoebtM^ oiotpa- 
^uuecKaff 6n6.iiomeKa no^^ saiAneicMh: 




BIOrPAcMiqECKAfT BIIBJIIOTEKA (D. RAB-^EHKOBA. 



Bi cocTaBi 6ii6:iioTeKH BOu;i,eT'b okojio 200 6iorpa4)ia 3aMi>iaTejL- 
HHxt jiioAefi. Ka2Kji,0My hsi. hhxi, nocBiimaeTca ocoCaa KHiiajKa, 
ofi-BeMOBri. OTX 80 ao 160 cipaLimx, CHa6;KeiiuaH nopxpeTOMt. Ki 
6iorpat})iHM'B nyreuiecxBeuijiiKOBt, xyji.oiKHHKOB'B h uysiJKaHTOB'B 
npiuaraioTOH itpoM-fe Toro KapTU, chiimkii ci. KaprHHL ii hotfj. 

^0 1 HHBapfl 1898 r. BbiiujiH OTA'^^bHUMH HHttwKaMH 185 6iorpa(|)ii) cjit- 



I. npeACTaBHTenH pejinriti h t^epKBti: 
Byaaa (CaKla-Mynu), FpHropifi VII, Tyci, 
KaJibBHui, KoH$yu,ifi, JloftoJia, JlMxepT., 
MaroMexi, CaBonapoaa, TopsBeMa;ia, 

(I>paBU,UCKl> AcCHBCKlft, IlBIlHrJIH. — Dpo- 

Toaom. ABBaKyMT), naTplapx'b Hhkoht>. 

II. rocyAapcTBeHHbie iiiOAti vi HapoAHbie 
repOH: AJi6KcaHflpi> MaKeaoHCKift h lO.niii 
l^eaapb (Asi 61orpa({iiu bi OABod KHHKK'b), 
BncMapKb, BaiiiHHrTOHT>, rai)HoaJibflii, 
FpaKin, ^eMoc(tieHT> h Unuepoai. (abtj 
(5iorpa4)iH bt. 04hoh KHiiacK-b), KpoMseib, 
JlHHKOJibHT>, MupaCo, TowacT. Mopi., Pii- 
inaabe. — BopoimoBbi, flamKOBa, loaHHt 
rpo3HbiB[,KaHKpiiu-b, MeHbmHjtoBi, neTpi. 
BejinKiH, UoTeMKiiH'b, CKo6eJieBT>, CnepaH- 
CKift, CyBopoB'b, BorAani XMeJibHHii,Kift. 

III. yseHue: BcKKapiaii BenxaMi, BoKjib, 
TaJiHJieii, TapBeft, A. TyMCojibATb, flajiaia- 
6epi., flapBUHT), JI,eKapTi>, A^KCHHepi., 
Kenjiepi, Kexjie, KoHAopce, KonepHHKi, 
KiOBbe, JlaByasbe, Jlanjiaci n Sajiepi, 
JIaccajLb, JIiiHHefi, JlaftejiJib, Majibxyci, 
MaiiJib, MoHxecKbe, IlacKajib, Ilacxep^, 
Hi>ioxoHT>, HpyAOH'b, AAajfb Cmhxt., <I)a- 
paAefi. — K. Bapi>, Botkhht., KoBajieBCKan, 
Jlo6aHeBCKiu,niiporoBT,,CojiOBbeB'b (ncxo- 
pHKT>), CxpyBe, 

IV. 0MflOco(t)bi: Apiicxoiejib, BaKoHi, 
Hk. BpyHo, I'erejib, KaHxi, Oriocxi 
KoHTb, JIeH6Hui;T>, JIokkt>, CeneKa, Co- 
.^paxT., njiaxOHT>, CnHHoaa, DIoneHray- 
api, K)mi>. 

V. On/iaHTponu h AtnTe;iH no HapoAHO- 
*iy npocBtiueNiio: TosapAi, Oy3Hb, Ile- 
(5xa.ion,u^, <l>paHKJiiiii'b. — Kapa3HHT> (ocho- 
saxejib xap. yHiiBepcHxexa), Oapoai, H. A. 

Kopi})!., H0BHK0BT>, K. ]l,. ymilHCKifi. 



VI. nyTeuieCTBeHHMKn: KoJiyM6i>, Jln- 
BnHrcioffb, CianjiH. — DpaceBaJibCKift. 

VII. MsofiptraTeyiM h yitOAM umpoKaro 
noHMHa: ryxeHOepri., flarepi> « Hiancb, 
(H3o6ptxaTejiH ^oxorpa^iu), Jleccencb, 
PoxraHJibflbi, Cxe(J)eHCOH'b h 4>yjibT0Hi 
(naoCptT. ateji. Aopon> b napoxoAOBi), 
yaxxi., 9aiicoht> h Mopae.— fleMHAOBu. 
VIII. (iHcaTeyiH pyccK'e h KHOCTpaHHue. 

UuocTpauMfcie nnoaxfejiu: Ah- 
Aepceai, 6afipofii>, Ba-ibsaKi, Bepne, 
Bepaaace, BoKKaiio, BoMapme, Bo-ibxeiJi., 
reftne, Texe, rioro, /laHxe, fleijio, HuApo, 
HaKKenci, JKop5Ki>-3aHAi>. 3ojia, IICceH^, 
KapaefiJib, JlecciiHrt, MaKOJieS. Mn.n'.- 
xoHX), MHuiceBHiT., MojLbepi), Pa(5;ie, Pe- 
HaBi>, Pycco, Cbii(})tx., CepBaHxecb, B. 
Ckottb, TeKKepea, Ulescnup'b, Ulnjuiepi, 
flHCopacT> 3jiioxi. 

PyccKie nncaTeJiii: AjccaKOBbi, 
BtjiHHCKia, Porojib, PoHHapoBT., rpHfio- 
'bAOBi, JlepwaBHHi, JI,o(5poJiio6oBi>, flo- 
cioeBCKiH, JKyKOBCKifi. KauxeMiipT>, Ka- 

paM3HHT>. KojIbUOBT.. KpblHOBb, JleilMOH- 
XOBl, JIOMOBOCOBl*. HUKHTUUI, IIiicapeBit, 
UHcoMCKifi, riymKiiBT.. CaJixhiKOB'b, (m©- 
Apiiut), CeHKOBCKlii ((Sapoai BpaM^eyci), 
Aevb ToJicTofi, TypreueB'b, $obbii3hhi>, 
nieBHeuKO. 

IX. XyAOmHMKMtJIeoHapAO AaBHBMH.MB- 
KeJib-AHj,»eJio, Pa$a3ab, I'e.MSpaHATb.— 
HBaHOBi), KpaMCKOiiL, IlepoBT), 6eA0T0Bi«. 

X. MyswKaHTbi m SK-repw: BaxT>, Bexxo- 
BeHi>, BaiHopi., PappiiKi, Moui^pnepi., 
Mouapxi., UIoneHT>, UlyMarn,. — BojiivObi 
(ocHOBaTejJb pyccK. Ti-arpal, I'jiHBKa, 
flaprOMHKCKiii, Ctpoub, IlleaKHU'b. 



tJ,tHa KawAoti khhwkh 25 h. Eiorpa(])iH npoAaiOTCii lo Bctxi khmhi. MaraaUKax'B. 
lIpHroTOBJiaioTcfl Kt neiaxn 6iorpa4>iii ea'Ii,T.yH)m,HXT. .jui^'b: 

repu,ena. EKaxepiiubi II,MaKiaBejiJiH, MerxepBuxa, UaaoJieoBa I, UeKpacoca, OcxpoB^ 
csaro 11 AP- 



JI^oaBOJieHO ueHBypoK). C.-nexep6yprx>, 7 cteBpa-isi 1898 roAa. 



6 96UVveooo 



lilSlciAHvyaiT 



